firma
Catalan
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Noun
[edit]firma f (plural firmes)
- signature (a person's name, written by that person, used as identification)
- Synonym: signatura
- signature, signing (an act of signing one's name)
- Synonym: signatura
- firm (a business enterprise)
Etymology 2
[edit]See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb
[edit]firma
- inflection of firmar:
Further reading
[edit]- “firma”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], April 2007
- “firma”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025
- “firma” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “firma” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Classical Nahuatl
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Noun
[edit]fīrma
- A signature.
- 1586: testimony of Don Juan
- auh yn don diego de velasco ynic quineltilia huel ymatica quitlalia yn ifirma yhuã ytoca
- But to verify it don Diego de Velasco with his very own hand places here his signature and name.-
- 1645: sale of house and land by Agustín de Santiago to Juan Gómez Monteagudo, Spaniard, and wife
- ypanpa nican nictlallia nofirma
- wherefore I set down here my signature
- 1720: confirmation of the status of fields belonging to Santa Elena
- ca nican tictlalia yn tofirma
- Here we set down our signatures
- 1586: testimony of Don Juan
References
[edit]- Lockhart, James (1991), Nahuas and Spaniards: Postconquest Central Mexican History and Philology, Stanford: Stanford University Press, pages 87, 100, 104
Crimean Tatar
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Italian firma (“signature of a company”).
Noun
[edit]firma
Declension
[edit]| nominative | firma |
|---|---|
| genitive | firmanıñ |
| dative | firmağa |
| accusative | firmanı |
| locative | firmada |
| ablative | firmadan |
References
[edit]- Mirjejev, V. A.; Usejinov, S. M. (2002), Ukrajinsʹko-krymsʹkotatarsʹkyj slovnyk [Ukrainian – Crimean Tatar Dictionary][1], Simferopol: Dolya, →ISBN
Czech
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]firma f
- firm (business)
Declension
[edit]Related terms
[edit]See also
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “firma”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
- “firma”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
Danish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Via Italian firma, from Latin firmāre.
Noun
[edit]firma n (singular definite firmaet, plural indefinite firmaer)
- (business) a company, a firm
- Synonym: forretning
Declension
[edit]| neuter gender |
singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
| nominative | firma | firmaet | firmaer | firmaerne |
| genitive | firmas | firmaets | firmaers | firmaernes |
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- “firma” in Den Danske Ordbog
Dutch
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Audio: (file)
Noun
[edit]firma f (plural firma's, diminutive firmaatje n)
- a large-scale company, a firm
Synonyms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- → Indonesian: firma
Esperanto
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]firma (accusative singular firman, plural firmaj, accusative plural firmajn)
- firm (solid, fixed, or steadfast)
Estonian
[edit]Etymology
[edit](This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Noun
[edit]firma (genitive firma, partitive firmat)
Declension
[edit]| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | firma | firmad |
| genitive | firma | firmade |
| partitive | firmat | firmasid |
| illative | firmasse | firmadesse |
| inessive | firmas | firmades |
| elative | firmast | firmadest |
| allative | firmale | firmadele |
| adessive | firmal | firmadel |
| ablative | firmalt | firmadelt |
| translative | firmaks | firmadeks |
| terminative | firmani | firmadeni |
| essive | firmana | firmadena |
| abessive | firmata | firmadeta |
| comitative | firmaga | firmadega |
Further reading
[edit]- “firma”, in [PSV] Eesti keele põhisõnavara sõnastik [Dictionary of Estonian Basic Vocabulary] (in Estonian) (online version, not updated), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2014
- “firma”, in [EKSS] Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat [Descriptive Dictionary of the Estonian Language] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2009
- “firma”, in [ÕS] Eesti õigekeelsussõnaraamat ÕS 2018 [Estonian Spelling Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2018, →ISBN
- firma in Sõnaveeb (Eesti Keele Instituut)
Finnish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From German Firma, from Italian firma (“signature”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]firma
Declension
[edit]| Inflection of firma (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | firma | firmat | |
| genitive | firman | firmojen | |
| partitive | firmaa | firmoja | |
| illative | firmaan | firmoihin | |
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | firma | firmat | |
| accusative | nom. | firma | firmat |
| gen. | firman | ||
| genitive | firman | firmojen firmain rare | |
| partitive | firmaa | firmoja | |
| inessive | firmassa | firmoissa | |
| elative | firmasta | firmoista | |
| illative | firmaan | firmoihin | |
| adessive | firmalla | firmoilla | |
| ablative | firmalta | firmoilta | |
| allative | firmalle | firmoille | |
| essive | firmana | firmoina | |
| translative | firmaksi | firmoiksi | |
| abessive | firmatta | firmoitta | |
| instructive | — | firmoin | |
| comitative | See the possessive forms below. | ||
Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “firma”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][2] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2 July 2023
Anagrams
[edit]Galician
[edit]
Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Old Galician-Portuguese firma. Deverbal from firmar.
Noun
[edit]firma f (plural firmas)
Related terms
[edit]References
[edit]- Seoane, Ernesto Xosé González; Granja, María Álvarez de la; Agrelo, Ana Isabel Boullón (2006–2022), “firma”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval [Dictionary of dictionaries of Medieval Galician] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Barreiro, Xavier Varela; Guinovart, Xavier Gómez (2006–2018), “firma”, in Corpus Xelmírez: corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval [Corpus Xelmírez: linguistic corpus of Medieval Galicia] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “firma”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “firma”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “firma”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN
Etymology 2
[edit]Verb
[edit]firma
- inflection of firmar:
Guinea-Bissau Creole
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Portuguese firmar-se.
Verb
[edit]firma
- to stand
Indonesian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Dutch firma, from Italian firma, from Latin firmāre, from firmus, from Proto-Italic *fermos, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰer-mo-s (“holding”), from the root *dʰer- (“to hold”). Doublet of darma and derma.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]firma (plural firma-firma)
Further reading
[edit]- “firma”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016
Italian
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Back-formation from firmare, from Latin firmāre, from firmus; cognates include English firm (adjective). Doublet of dharma.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]firma f (plural firme)
- signature (a person's name, written by that person, used as identification or to signify approval of accompanying material, such as a legal contract)
- signature (an act of signing one's name)
Descendants
[edit]- → Bulgarian: фи́рма (fírma)
- → Crimean Tatar: firma
- → Czech: firma
- → Danish: firma
- → Dutch: firma
- → Indonesian: firma
- → English: firm (noun)
- → Finnish: firma
- → Georgian: ფირმა (pirma)
- → German: Firma
- → Macedonian: фирма (firma)
- → Northern Kurdish: fîrma
- → Norwegian:
- → Polish: firma
- → Portuguese: firma
- → Russian: фи́рма (fírma)
- → Serbo-Croatian:
- → Swedish: firma
Etymology 2
[edit]See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb
[edit]firma
- inflection of firmare:
Further reading
[edit]- firma in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
Anagrams
[edit]Latin
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]There is debate as to whether Medieval Latin acquired this term from Old English feorm (“rent, provision, supplies, feast”), from Proto-Germanic *fermō, *firhuma- (“means of living, subsistence”), from Proto-Germanic *ferhwō (“life force, body, being”), from Proto-Indo-European *perkʷ- (“life, force, strength, tree”), or from Latin firmus (“solid, secure”), from Proto-Italic *fermos, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰer-mo-s (“holding”), from the root *dʰer- (“to hold”). If the former etymology is correct, the term is related to Old English feorh (“life, spirit”), Icelandic fjör (“life, vitality, vigour, animation”), Gothic 𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂𐍈𐌿𐍃 (fairƕus, “the world”). Compare also Old English feormehām (“farm”), feormere (“purveyor”).
Alternative forms
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [ˈfɪr.ma]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [ˈfir.ma]
Noun
[edit]firma f (genitive firmae); first declension (Medieval Latin)
Declension
[edit]First-declension noun.
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | firma | firmae |
| genitive | firmae | firmārum |
| dative | firmae | firmīs |
| accusative | firmam | firmās |
| ablative | firmā | firmīs |
| vocative | firma | firmae |
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Old French: ferme
- Middle French: ferme
- → Middle English: ferme, farme, ferm, fyrme (Late Middle English), feorme, veorme (Early Middle English) (in part)
- Occitan: ferma
References
[edit]- "firma", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book[3], London: Macmillan and Co.
- to enjoy good health: bona (firma, prospera) valetudine esse or uti (vid. sect. VI. 8., note uti...)
- a good constitution: firma corporis constitutio or affectio
- to enjoy good health: bona (firma, prospera) valetudine esse or uti (vid. sect. VI. 8., note uti...)
Etymology 2
[edit]See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Pronunciation
[edit]- firma:
- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [ˈfɪr.ma]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [ˈfir.ma]
- firmā:
- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [ˈfɪr.maː]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [ˈfir.ma]
Adjective
[edit]firma
- inflection of firmus:
Adjective
[edit]firmā
Norwegian Bokmål
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Latin firmāre, via Italian firma.
Noun
[edit]firma n (definite singular firmaet, indefinite plural firma or firmaer, definite plural firmaene)
Synonyms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]Norwegian Nynorsk
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Latin firmāre, via Italian firma.
Noun
[edit]firma n (definite singular firmaet, indefinite plural firma, definite plural firmaa)
Synonyms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- “firma” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Polish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]firma f (diminutive firmowy)
- company (in legal context, a corporation)
Declension
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- firma in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- firma in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Portuguese
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]
- Rhymes: (Portugal, São Paulo) -iɾmɐ, (most of Brazil) -iʁmɐ, (Southern Brazil) -iɻma
- Hyphenation: fir‧ma
Etymology 1
[edit]From Italian firma (“signature”), from Latin firmāre (“to make firm, strengthen, fortify”).
Noun
[edit]firma f (plural firmas)
Related terms
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Verb
[edit]firma
- inflection of firmar:
Romanian
[edit]Noun
[edit]firma f
Serbo-Croatian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Italian firma (“signature”), from Latin firmāre (“to make firm, strengthen, fortify”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]fȋrma f (Cyrillic spelling фи̑рма)
Declension
[edit]| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | firma | firme |
| genitive | firme | firmi |
| dative | firmi | firmama |
| accusative | firmu | firme |
| vocative | firmo | firme |
| locative | firmi | firmama |
| instrumental | firmom | firmama |
Spanish
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Deverbal from firmar (“to sign”).
Noun
[edit]firma f (plural firmas)
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- → Bikol Central: pirma
- → Classical Nahuatl: fīrma
- → Tagalog: pirma
- → Yogad: firma
- → Zoogocho Zapotec: firm
See also
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Verb
[edit]firma
- inflection of firmar:
Further reading
[edit]- “firma”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 10 December 2024
Swedish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Audio: (file)
Noun
[edit]firma c
Declension
[edit]| nominative | genitive | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | indefinite | firma | firmas |
| definite | firman | firmans | |
| plural | indefinite | firmor | firmors |
| definite | firmorna | firmornas |
Derived terms
[edit]Turkish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Noun
[edit]firma (definite accusative firmayı, plural firmalar)
Declension
[edit]| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | firma | firmalar |
| definite accusative | firmayı | firmaları |
| dative | firmaya | firmalara |
| locative | firmada | firmalarda |
| ablative | firmadan | firmalardan |
| genitive | firmanın | firmaların |
Yogad
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Noun
[edit]firma
- Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation
- Catalan terms with audio pronunciation
- Catalan deverbals
- Catalan lemmas
- Catalan nouns
- Catalan countable nouns
- Catalan feminine nouns
- Catalan non-lemma forms
- Catalan verb forms
- Classical Nahuatl terms borrowed from Spanish
- Classical Nahuatl terms derived from Spanish
- Classical Nahuatl lemmas
- Classical Nahuatl nouns
- Classical Nahuatl terms with quotations
- Crimean Tatar terms borrowed from Italian
- Crimean Tatar terms derived from Italian
- Crimean Tatar lemmas
- Crimean Tatar nouns
- Czech terms borrowed from Italian
- Czech terms derived from Italian
- Czech terms with IPA pronunciation
- Czech terms with audio pronunciation
- Czech lemmas
- Czech nouns
- Czech feminine nouns
- Czech hard feminine nouns
- Czech nouns with reducible stem
- Danish terms borrowed from Italian
- Danish terms derived from Italian
- Danish terms derived from Latin
- Danish lemmas
- Danish nouns
- Danish neuter nouns
- da:Business
- Dutch terms borrowed from Italian
- Dutch terms derived from Italian
- Dutch terms with audio pronunciation
- Dutch lemmas
- Dutch nouns
- Dutch nouns with plural in -s
- Dutch feminine nouns
- Esperanto terms borrowed from Latin
- Esperanto terms derived from Latin
- Esperanto 2-syllable words
- Esperanto terms with IPA pronunciation
- Esperanto terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Esperanto/irma
- Esperanto lemmas
- Esperanto adjectives
- Estonian lemmas
- Estonian nouns
- et:Business
- Estonian pere-type nominals
- Finnish terms borrowed from German
- Finnish terms derived from German
- Finnish terms derived from Italian
- Finnish 2-syllable words
- Finnish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Finnish/irmɑ
- Rhymes:Finnish/irmɑ/2 syllables
- Finnish lemmas
- Finnish nouns
- Finnish informal terms
- Finnish military slang
- Finnish kala-type nominals
- Galician terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Galician/iɾma
- Rhymes:Galician/iɾma/2 syllables
- Galician terms inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese
- Galician terms derived from Old Galician-Portuguese
- Galician deverbals
- Galician lemmas
- Galician nouns
- Galician countable nouns
- Galician feminine nouns
- Galician non-lemma forms
- Galician verb forms
- Guinea-Bissau Creole terms inherited from Portuguese
- Guinea-Bissau Creole terms derived from Portuguese
- Guinea-Bissau Creole lemmas
- Guinea-Bissau Creole verbs
- Indonesian terms borrowed from Dutch
- Indonesian terms derived from Dutch
- Indonesian terms derived from Italian
- Indonesian terms derived from Latin
- Indonesian terms derived from Proto-Italic
- Indonesian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Indonesian doublets
- Indonesian 2-syllable words
- Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Indonesian lemmas
- Indonesian nouns
- id:Business
- Italian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰer-
- Italian terms derived from Latin
- Italian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Italian terms derived from Proto-Italic
- Italian terms inherited from Latin
- Italian doublets
- Italian 2-syllable words
- Italian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Italian/irma
- Rhymes:Italian/irma/2 syllables
- Italian lemmas
- Italian nouns
- Italian countable nouns
- Italian feminine nouns
- Italian non-lemma forms
- Italian verb forms
- Latin terms derived from Old English
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic
- Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Latin 2-syllable words
- Latin terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latin lemmas
- Latin nouns
- Latin first declension nouns
- Latin feminine nouns in the first declension
- Latin feminine nouns
- Medieval Latin
- Latin words in Meissner and Auden's phrasebook
- Latin non-lemma forms
- Latin adjective forms
- Norwegian Bokmål terms derived from Latin
- Norwegian Bokmål terms borrowed from Italian
- Norwegian Bokmål terms derived from Italian
- Norwegian Bokmål lemmas
- Norwegian Bokmål nouns
- Norwegian Bokmål neuter nouns
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Latin
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms borrowed from Italian
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Italian
- Norwegian Nynorsk lemmas
- Norwegian Nynorsk nouns
- Norwegian Nynorsk neuter nouns
- Polish terms derived from Proto-Italic
- Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰer-
- Polish terms derived from Italian
- Polish terms derived from Latin
- Polish terms borrowed from Italian
- Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Polish 2-syllable words
- Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Polish terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Polish/irma
- Rhymes:Polish/irma/2 syllables
- Polish lemmas
- Polish nouns
- Polish feminine nouns
- pl:Businesses
- pl:Collectives
- pl:Organizations
- Portuguese 2-syllable words
- Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Portuguese/iɾmɐ
- Rhymes:Portuguese/iɾmɐ/2 syllables
- Rhymes:Portuguese/iʁmɐ
- Rhymes:Portuguese/iʁmɐ/2 syllables
- Rhymes:Portuguese/iɻma
- Rhymes:Portuguese/iɻma/2 syllables
- Portuguese terms borrowed from Italian
- Portuguese terms derived from Italian
- Portuguese terms derived from Latin
- Portuguese lemmas
- Portuguese nouns
- Portuguese countable nouns
- Portuguese feminine nouns
- pt:Law
- Portuguese non-lemma forms
- Portuguese verb forms
- Romanian non-lemma forms
- Romanian noun forms
- Serbo-Croatian terms borrowed from Italian
- Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Italian
- Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Latin
- Serbo-Croatian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Serbo-Croatian lemmas
- Serbo-Croatian nouns
- Serbo-Croatian feminine nouns
- Spanish 2-syllable words
- Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Spanish terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Spanish/iɾma
- Rhymes:Spanish/iɾma/2 syllables
- Spanish deverbals
- Spanish lemmas
- Spanish nouns
- Spanish countable nouns
- Spanish feminine nouns
- es:Business
- Spanish non-lemma forms
- Spanish verb forms
- Swedish terms borrowed from Italian
- Swedish terms derived from Italian
- Swedish terms with audio pronunciation
- Swedish lemmas
- Swedish nouns
- Swedish common-gender nouns
- Turkish terms derived from German
- Turkish lemmas
- Turkish nouns
- Yogad terms borrowed from Spanish
- Yogad terms derived from Spanish
- Yogad lemmas
- Yogad nouns
