haka
English
Etymology
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Haka_performed_during_US_Defense_Secretary%27s_visit_to_New_Zealand_%281%29.jpg/220px-Haka_performed_during_US_Defense_Secretary%27s_visit_to_New_Zealand_%281%29.jpg)
Borrowed from Maori haka, from Proto-Polynesian *saka. The word is cognate with Hawaiian haʻa (“dance”), Mangarevan ʻaka (“to perform a traditional dance; a usually warlike dance accompanied by a chant”), Rarotongan ʻaka (“dance”), Samoan saʻa (“dance”), Tokelauan haka (“dance”), Tongan haka (“hand action made while singing”).
Pronunciation
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 290: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "RP" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. IPA(key): /ˈhɑːkə/, /ˈhæ-/
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 290: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "GA" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. IPA(key): /ˈhɑkə/, /ˈhæ-/
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 290: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "NZ" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. IPA(key): /ˈhɐːkɘ/
- Rhymes: -ɑːkə, -ækə
- Hyphenation: ha‧ka
Noun
haka (plural hakas or haka)
- A group dance of New Zealand's Maori people featuring rhythmic chanting, vigorous facial and arm movements, and foot stamping. Traditionally a war dance, today it is also performed to welcome guests, as a mark of respect at occasions such as commemorations and funerals, as a challenge to opposing teams at sports events, and for artistic purposes.
- 1838, J[oel] S[amuel] Polack, chapter III, in New Zealand: Being a Narrative of Travels and Adventures during a Residence in that Country between the Years 1831 and 1837. [...] In Two Volumes, volume I, London: Richard Bentley, New Burlington Street, publisher in ordinary to Her Majesty, →OCLC, page 81:
- After each of my retinue were presented to the chief, partaking of the honour of the ougi, or salutation, the hákà, or dance of welcome, was performed; this was commenced by our entertainers, who placed themselves in an extended line, in ranks four deep. This dance, to a stranger witnessing it for the first time, is calculated to excite the most alarming fears; […]
- 1876 January, “A Week among the Maoris of Lake Taupo”, in The Cornhill Magazine, volume XXXIII, number 193, London: Smith, Elder & Co., 15 Waterloo Place, →OCLC, page 65:
- A "Haka" is the native dance, answering to the corroboree of the Australian aboriginals, and we were anxious to see it. […] Later in the evening, however, the complaisant Herekiekie entertained a small and select party at a "Haka" in his "whare" or house (pronounced wharry). It was exactly what I expected. The performers, all male, stood in a row, one, slightly advanced, acting as fugleman. They shouted and gesticulated with the most hideous and revolting gestures, grimaces, and yells.
- 1986, Sylvia Ashton-Warner, “Life in a Maori School”, in Teacher (A Touchstone Book), 1st Touchstone edition, New York, N.Y.: Simon & Schuster, →ISBN, pages 198 and 200:
- [T]he children might get up and dance in the middle of their sums. Matawhero might stand up and lead a haka if I'm not careful. Oh dear.
- 2011 October 23, Tom Fordyce, “2011 Rugby World Cup Final: New Zealand 8 – 7 France”, in BBC Sport[1], archived from the original on 3 April 2017:
- An already febrile atmosphere within the ground before the start had been stoked still further when France's players formed an arrow formation to face down the haka, and then advanced slowly over halfway as the capacity crowd roared.
- 2013, Matt J. Rossano, “Mountain Rituals”, in Mortal Rituals: What the Story of the Andes Survivors Tells Us about Human Evolution, New York, N.Y., Chichester, West Sussex: Columbia University Press, →ISBN, pages 105–106:
- The Maori haka ritual has been made famous by the All Blacks, New Zealand's national rugby team. Before each match, the All Blacks face their opponents and engage in a synchronized display of hand-slapping, feet-stomping, chest-pumping, tongue-wagging, and eye-popping chanting and dancing designed to intimidate their opponents. The All Blacks' version of the haka is called ka-mate, a war haka or peruperu. […] But hakas are not restricted to war; they are also used as a welcome to strangers, as part of a funeral, or as part of various celebrations and ceremonies.
Derived terms
Translations
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Verb
haka (third-person singular simple present hakas, present participle hakaing, simple past and past participle hakaed)
- (intransitive) To perform the haka.
- 1870, Richard Taylor, “Traditions and Legends. (Continued.) [The Story of Tama te Kapua, and His Brother Wakaturia.]”, in Te Ika a Maui; or, New Zealand and Its Inhabitants. Illustrating the Origin, Manners, Customs, Mythology, Religion, Rites, Songs, Proverbs, Fables, and Language of the Maori and Polynesian Races in General; together with the Geology, Natural History, Productions, and Climate of the Country, 2nd edition, London: William Macintosh, 24, Paternoster Row; Wanganui, New Zealand: H. Ireson Jones, →OCLC, page 274:
- [T]hey hoisted him up to the ridge pole and lighted the fire; they began to haka, when they were tired of that they sang songs, […]
- 1888, John White, “Hotu-nui. (Nga-ti-maru.)”, in The Ancient History of the Maori, His Mythology and Traditions. Tai-Nui, volume IV, Wellington: By authority; George Didsbury, government printer, →OCLC, pages 213–214:
- [page 213] The haka is one of the Maori's most honourable games that can be performed to entertain strangers; and when such is played it is a sign of a people of chiefs and days of peace. The people played this game to her that Te-kahu-rere-moa might haka and entertain them, that they might see how beautifully she could haka. […] [page 214] She hakaed for some time, and all the people were quite in love with her.
- 2011, Glyn Harper, editor, Letters from Gallipoli: New Zealand Soldiers Write Home[2], Auckland: Auckland University Press, →ISBN:
- We captured the trenches midst our hakas and cheering. The other party did well, we could hear them on the opposite hill cheering, and hakaing as they went along.
Translations
Further reading
haka on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
haka (sports) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
Anagrams
'Are'are
Noun
haka
References
- Kateřina Naitoro, A Sketch Grammar of 'Are'are: The Sound System and Morpho-Syntax (2013)
Czech
Etymology
Pronunciation
Noun
haka f
- haka (dance of New Zealand's Maori people featuring rhythmic chanting, vigorous facial and arm movements, and foot stamping.)
- 2015 September 22, Pavel Jahoda, “Nejenom haka straší na MS soupeře. K vidění jsou i sipi tau či bole”, in ČT sport[3]:
- Haka k Novému Zélandu a některým jeho sportovním týmům neodmyslitelně patří, ale nejznámější je ve spojení právě s ragby. Sport známý svou tvrdostí získává slavným tancem, při němž hráči používají všemožné grimasy včetně vyplazování jazyka, tleskají, plácají se po stehnech a rytmicky zpívají, kouzlo, které uchvátilo davy fanoušků po celém světě.
- Haka is inseparable from rugby. The sport, which is known for rough play, gets another charm thanks to the dance, during which the players use various facial expressions including sticking out their tongues, clap their hands and slap their thighs.
Declension
Finnish
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
Borrowed from dialectal Swedish haka (compare standard hake).
Noun
haka
Declension
Inflection of haka (Kotus type 9*D/kala, k-∅ gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative | haka | haat | |
genitive | haan | hakojen | |
partitive | hakaa | hakoja | |
illative | hakaan | hakoihin | |
singular | plural | ||
nominative | haka | haat | |
accusative | nom. | haka | haat |
gen. | haan | ||
genitive | haan | hakojen hakain rare | |
partitive | hakaa | hakoja | |
inessive | haassa | haoissa | |
elative | haasta | haoista | |
illative | hakaan | hakoihin | |
adessive | haalla | haoilla | |
ablative | haalta | haoilta | |
allative | haalle | haoille | |
essive | hakana | hakoina | |
translative | haaksi | haoiksi | |
abessive | haatta | haoitta | |
instructive | — | haoin | |
comitative | See the possessive forms below. |
Etymology 2
Probably borrowed from Old Swedish hagha, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *hagô (“enclosure, yard; pasture”).
Noun
haka
Declension
Inflection of haka (Kotus type 9*D/kala, k-∅ gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative | haka | haat | |
genitive | haan | hakojen | |
partitive | hakaa | hakoja | |
illative | hakaan | hakoihin | |
singular | plural | ||
nominative | haka | haat | |
accusative | nom. | haka | haat |
gen. | haan | ||
genitive | haan | hakojen hakain rare | |
partitive | hakaa | hakoja | |
inessive | haassa | haoissa | |
elative | haasta | haoista | |
illative | hakaan | hakoihin | |
adessive | haalla | haoilla | |
ablative | haalta | haoilta | |
allative | haalle | haoille | |
essive | hakana | hakoina | |
translative | haaksi | haoiksi | |
abessive | haatta | haoitta | |
instructive | — | haoin | |
comitative | See the possessive forms below. |
Possessive forms of haka (Kotus type 9*D/kala, k-∅ gradation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Etymology 3
Compare Proto-Germanic *hagaz (“skilled, abled”).
Adverb
haka
Anagrams
Hadza
Pronunciation
Verb
haka
- to go
- Synonym: etlhikwa
Icelandic
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
Noun
haka f (genitive singular höku, nominative plural hökur)
Declension
Etymology 2
Verb
haka (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative hakaði, supine hakað)
Conjugation
infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að haka | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
supine (sagnbót) |
hakað | ||||
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
hakandi | ||||
indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
present (nútíð) |
ég haka | við hökum | present (nútíð) |
ég haki | við hökum |
þú hakar | þið hakið | þú hakir | þið hakið | ||
hann, hún, það hakar | þeir, þær, þau haka | hann, hún, það haki | þeir, þær, þau haki | ||
past (þátíð) |
ég hakaði | við hökuðum | past (þátíð) |
ég hakaði | við hökuðum |
þú hakaðir | þið hökuðuð | þú hakaðir | þið hökuðuð | ||
hann, hún, það hakaði | þeir, þær, þau hökuðu | hann, hún, það hakaði | þeir, þær, þau hökuðu | ||
imperative (boðháttur) |
haka (þú) | hakið (þið) | |||
Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
hakaðu | hakiði * | ||||
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. |
infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að hakast | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
supine (sagnbót) |
hakast | ||||
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
hakandist ** ** the mediopassive present participle is extremely rare and normally not used; it is never used attributively or predicatively, only for explicatory subclauses | ||||
indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
present (nútíð) |
ég hakast | við hökumst | present (nútíð) |
ég hakist | við hökumst |
þú hakast | þið hakist | þú hakist | þið hakist | ||
hann, hún, það hakast | þeir, þær, þau hakast | hann, hún, það hakist | þeir, þær, þau hakist | ||
past (þátíð) |
ég hakaðist | við hökuðumst | past (þátíð) |
ég hakaðist | við hökuðumst |
þú hakaðist | þið hökuðust | þú hakaðist | þið hökuðust | ||
hann, hún, það hakaðist | þeir, þær, þau hökuðust | hann, hún, það hakaðist | þeir, þær, þau hökuðust | ||
imperative (boðháttur) |
hakast (þú) | hakist (þið) | |||
Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
hakastu | hakisti * | ||||
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. |
strong declension (sterk beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
nominative (nefnifall) |
hakaður | hökuð | hakað | hakaðir | hakaðar | hökuð | |
accusative (þolfall) |
hakaðan | hakaða | hakað | hakaða | hakaðar | hökuð | |
dative (þágufall) |
hökuðum | hakaðri | hökuðu | hökuðum | hökuðum | hökuðum | |
genitive (eignarfall) |
hakaðs | hakaðrar | hakaðs | hakaðra | hakaðra | hakaðra | |
weak declension (veik beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
nominative (nefnifall) |
hakaði | hakaða | hakaða | hökuðu | hökuðu | hökuðu | |
accusative (þolfall) |
hakaða | hökuðu | hakaða | hökuðu | hökuðu | hökuðu | |
dative (þágufall) |
hakaða | hökuðu | hakaða | hökuðu | hökuðu | hökuðu | |
genitive (eignarfall) |
hakaða | hökuðu | hakaða | hökuðu | hökuðu | hökuðu |
Etymology 3
Noun
- indefinite accusative singular of haki
- indefinite dative singular of haki
- indefinite genitive singular of haki
- indefinite accusative plural of haki
- indefinite genitive plural of haki
Japanese
Romanization
haka
Kashubian
Noun
haka f
Kikuyu
Etymology
Hinde (1904) records kuhaka as an equivalent of English paint in “Jogowini dialect” of Kikuyu.[1]
Pronunciation
Verb
haka (infinitive kũhaka)
References
- ^ Hinde, Hildegarde (1904). Vocabularies of the Kamba and Kikuyu languages of East Africa, pp. 44–45. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Armstrong, Lilias E. (1940). The Phonetic and Tonal Structure of Kikuyu, p. 361. Rep. 1967. (Also in 2018 by Routledge).
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Barlow, A. Ruffell (1960). Studies in Kikuyu Grammar and Idiom, pp. 64, 229.
Maori
Etymology
From Proto-Polynesian *saka.
Pronunciation
Noun
haka
Usage notes
Used in the form haka-a.
Nama
< 3 | 4 | 5 > |
---|---|---|
Cardinal : haka | ||
Numeral
haka
Norwegian Bokmål
Alternative forms
Noun
haka m or f
Norwegian Nynorsk
Noun
haka f
Old Norse
Noun
haka f (genitive hǫku)
Declension
Descendants
References
“haka”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
Polish
Noun
haka m
Rapa Nui
Verb
haka
- to do
Derived terms
Swedish
Etymology
Pronunciation
audio: (file)
Noun
haka c
Declension
Declension of haka | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | haka | hakan | hakor | hakorna |
Genitive | hakas | hakans | hakors | hakornas |
See also
- English terms borrowed from Maori
- English terms derived from Maori
- English terms derived from Proto-Polynesian
- English 2-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:English/ɑːkə
- Rhymes:English/ækə
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- English indeclinable nouns
- English nouns with irregular plurals
- English terms with quotations
- English verbs
- English intransitive verbs
- en:Dances
- 'Are'are lemmas
- 'Are'are nouns
- Czech terms borrowed from Maori
- Czech terms derived from Maori
- Czech terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Czech/aka
- Czech lemmas
- Czech nouns
- Czech feminine nouns
- Czech terms with quotations
- cs:Dances
- Finnish 2-syllable words
- Finnish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Finnish/ɑkɑ
- Finnish terms borrowed from Swedish
- Finnish terms derived from Swedish
- Finnish lemmas
- Finnish nouns
- Finnish kala-type nominals
- Finnish terms borrowed from Old Swedish
- Finnish terms derived from Old Swedish
- Finnish terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Finnish adverbs
- Hadza terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hadza lemmas
- Hadza verbs
- Icelandic 2-syllable words
- Icelandic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Icelandic/aːka
- Icelandic terms inherited from Old Norse
- Icelandic terms derived from Old Norse
- Icelandic lemmas
- Icelandic nouns
- Icelandic feminine nouns
- Icelandic countable nouns
- is:Anatomy
- Icelandic verbs
- Icelandic weak verbs
- Japanese non-lemma forms
- Japanese romanizations
- Kashubian lemmas
- Kashubian nouns
- Kashubian feminine nouns
- Kikuyu terms with IPA pronunciation
- Kikuyu lemmas
- Kikuyu verbs
- Maori terms inherited from Proto-Polynesian
- Maori terms derived from Proto-Polynesian
- Maori terms with IPA pronunciation
- Maori lemmas
- Maori nouns
- Khoekhoe lemmas
- Khoekhoe numerals
- Khoekhoe entries with incorrect language header
- Khoekhoe cardinal numbers
- Norwegian Bokmål non-lemma forms
- Norwegian Bokmål noun forms
- Norwegian Nynorsk non-lemma forms
- Norwegian Nynorsk noun forms
- Old Norse lemmas
- Old Norse nouns
- Old Norse feminine nouns
- Old Norse ōn-stem nouns
- non:Anatomy
- Polish non-lemma forms
- Polish noun forms
- Rapa Nui lemmas
- Rapa Nui verbs
- Swedish terms inherited from Old Norse
- Swedish terms derived from Old Norse
- Swedish terms with audio links
- Swedish lemmas
- Swedish nouns
- Swedish common-gender nouns
- sv:Anatomy