ile

See also: Ile, île, %ile, and -ile

English

Etymology 1

From Middle English eile, eyle, eiȝle, from Old English eġl (“an ail; awn; beard of barley; mote”), from Proto-Germanic *agilō (“awn”). Cognate with German Egel, Achel.

Alternative forms

• ail

Noun

ile

1. (obsolete) An ear of corn.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Ainsworth to this entry?)

Etymology 2

Noun

ile (plural iles)

1. Obsolete form of aisle.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of H. Swinburne to this entry?)

Etymology 3

Noun

ile (plural iles)

1. Obsolete form of isle.
   • John Milton

     or spread his aerie flight / Upborn with indefatigable wings / Over the vast abrupt, ere he arrive / The happy Ile

Anagrams

• Eli, LIE, Lei., Lie, lei, lie

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Basque

Noun

ile ?

1. hair

Derived terms

• artile
• betile

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Danish

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -iːlə

Verb

ile (imperative il, infinitive at ile, present tense iler, past tense ilede, perfect tense har ilet)

1. hurry, hasten

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French

Pronunciation

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

ile f (plural iles)

1. Alternative spelling of île

Further reading

• “ile”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

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Latin

Etymology

Most likely from Ancient Greek εἰλεός (eileós, “colic”), from εἰλέω (eiléō, “I throng, press”), from Proto-Indo-European *wel- (“to turn, wind, round”), same source as with Old Armenian գելում (gelum).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈiː.le/, [ˈiːɫ̪ɛ]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈi.le/, [ˈiːle]

Noun

īle n (genitive īlis); third declension

1. (anatomy) intestines, guts

Declension

Third-declension noun (neuter, “pure” i-stem).

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	īle	īlia
Genitive	īlis	īlium
Dative	īlī	īlibus
Accusative	īle	īlia
Ablative	īlī	īlibus
Vocative	īle	īlia

Derived terms

• īliacus
• *iliata (Vulgar Latin)
• *iliaris (Vulgar Latin)
• *iliarica (Vulgar Latin)

Descendants

• Albanian: ijë
• English: ileum, ilium
• French: iles
• Galician: illar, illarga, illargada
• Romanian: ie
• Portuguese: ilhal, ilharga
• Sardinian: iğğáre, illári

• Old Spanish: ixar
  • Spanish: ijar, ijal, ijada
    • French: jade
      • English: jade
      • Italian: giada
      • Portuguese: jade
      • Spanish: jade

References

• “ile”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ile”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• ile in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• “ile”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “ile”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

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Old English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈi.le/

Noun

ile m

1. the sole of the foot

Declension

Declension of ile (strong a-stem)

Case	Singular	Plural
nominative	ile	ileas
accusative	ile	ileas
genitive	ilees	ilea
dative	ilee	ileum

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Polish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈi.lɛ/

• audio

  (file)

Pronoun

ile

1. how much, how many

   Ile to kosztuje?

   How much is it?

   Ile masz lat?

   How old are you?

   (literally, “How many years do you have?”)

2. (colloquial) how long

   Ile jeszcze będę żył?

   How long will I still live?

   Ile trwa ciąża?

   How long does pregnancy last?

Declension

Declension of ile

	plural
	virile	other
nominative	ilu	ile
genitive	ilu
dative
accusative	ilu	ile
instrumental	iloma
locative	ilu
vocative	ilu	ile

Derived terms

• ilekolwiek
• ilekroć
• ileś
• ilodniowy
• ilometrowy
• ilomiesięczny
• iloprocentowy

Related terms

• ilość

Noun

ile m

1. locative/vocative singular of ił

Further reading

• ile in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• Template:R:PWN

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Swahili

Adjective

ile

1. Mi class inflected form of -le.
2. N class inflected form of -le (singular only).

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Turkish

Postposition

ile

1. with

   Arkadaşımla dışarı çıkıyorum. ― I am going out with my friend.

   Müsadenizle. ― With your permission.

Conjunction

ile

1. and (joining two noun phrases)

   Ateşle barut yan yana durmaz. ― Fire and gunpowder, side by side, do not last.

Usage notes

These usage notes apply equally to the use of ile as a postposition and as a conjunction.

The term can be used as a stand-alone word, but usually takes the form of an enclitic, that is, it is suffixed to the preceding word as -la / -yla or -le / -yle. Which form is used depends on the affixed word's dominant vowel, and whether the word ends in a vowel or a consonant.

• -le — with a dominant front-vowel (i, e, ü, ö) and a consonant ending
  • kardeşin (“your brother”) — kardeşinle (“with your brother”)
  • düşünceleriniz (“your ideas”) — düşüncelerinizle (“with your ideas”)
• -yle — with a dominant front-vowel (i, e, ü, ö) and a vowel ending
  • battaniye (“blanket”) — battaniyeyle (“with a/the blanket”)
  • üyeleri (“their members”) — üyeleriyle (“with their members”)
• -la — with a dominant back-vowel (ı, a, u, o) and a consonant ending
  • arkadaşım (“my friend”) — arkadaşımla (“with my friend”)
  • akrabalarımız (“our relatıves”) — akrabalarımızla (“with our relatives”)
• -yla — with a dominant back-vowel (ı, a, u, o) and a vowel ending
  • arkadaşı (“his friend”) — arkadaşıyla (“with his friend”)
  • oyuncakları (“their toys”) — oyuncaklarıyla (“with their toys”)

An apostrophe is required when suffixed to a proper noun:

• Şebnem'le
• Ali'yle
• Barış'la
• Beyza'yla

Generally, the stress in a Turkish word goes to the last syllable, but, when used as an enclitic, (y)le / (y)la is unstressed and leaves the stress of the preceding word to which it is suffixed unchanged.

In a curious exception to vowel harmony, the suffix -yla raises a preceding back vowel ı to a front vowel i. For example, the word dolayısıyla (“consequently”, “therefore”) is pronounced /dolajɯˈsijla/.

The dual role of the term can occasionally result in an ambiguity. The saying bir taşla iki kuş vurmak, literally “to hit two birds with one stone”, can (theoretically) also mean “to hit one stone and two birds”.