kil

See also: Appendix:Variations of "kil"

Languages (26)

Translingual

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Afrikaans • Breton • Cornish • Czech • Danish • Dutch • French • Garo • Guinea-Bissau Creole • Livonian • Marshallese • Mizo • Mokilese • Norwegian Bokmål • Old French • Polish • Romanian • Slovene • Southwestern Dinka • Swedish • Tarao • Turkish • Volapük • Wiradjuri • Zou

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Page categories

Translingual

Etymology

Abbreviation of English Kariya with l as a placeholder.

Symbol

kil

1. (international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Kariya.

See also

• Wiktionary’s coverage of Kariya terms

Afrikaans

Etymology

From Dutch kil, from Middle Dutch kille.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kəl/

Adjective

kil (attributive kil, comparative kiler, superlative kilste)

1. cold, chilly (of temperatures, weather, etc.)
2. cold-hearted, cold-blooded (Can we add an example for this sense?)

Breton

Noun

kil ?

1. back

Cornish

Etymology 1

Picture dictionary

kil

klopen

ympynnyon

tal

lagas

abrans

tron

ganow

gweus

elgeth

gen

bogh

skovarn

er

konna

briansen

kil

Click on labels in the image

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korf

From Middle Cornish kyl, from Old Cornish chil, from Proto-Brythonic *kil, from Proto-Celtic *kūlos. Compare Breton kil, Welsh cil.

Noun

kil m (plural kilyer)

1. nook, recess

   Synonyms: kornet, sorn

2. back

   Synonym: keyn

3. nape, reverse

Derived terms

• kila (“recede”, verb)
• kilans (“recession”)
• kilden (“retreat”)
• kildenna (“back off”, verb)
• kildhans (“molar”)
• kildreylya (“revert”, verb)
• kildro (“reversal”)
• kilfia (“desert, jump ship”, verb)
• kilfos (“backwall”)
• kilgegin (“utility room”)
• kilgi (“coward”)
• kilgieth (“cowardice”)
• kilslynkya (“backpedal”, verb)
• kilva (“background”)
• kilwagren (“tonsil”)
• kilweyhta (“retrofit”, verb)
• kilwrians (“retrofit”, noun)

Verb

kil

1. third-person singular present indicative/future indicative of kila (“to recede”)
2. second-person singular imperative of kila (“to recede”)

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Old French quille. Compare Breton kilhoù.

Noun

kil m (plural kilyow or kilys)

1. skittle, ninepin, bowling pin

Mutation

Mutation of kil

radical	soft	aspirate	hard	mixed
kil	gil	hil	unchanged	unchanged

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Cornish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

2020, An Gerlyver Meur, ed. Dr Ken George (3rd edition, p.357)

Czech

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈkɪl]

Noun

kil

1. genitive plural of kilo

Danish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kiːl/, [kʰiːˀl]

Verb

kil

1. imperative of kile

Dutch

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kɪl/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: kil
• Rhymes: -ɪl
• Homophone: kill

Etymology 1

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *gel-

Proto-Indo-European *-is

Proto-Indo-European *gólis

Proto-Germanic *kaliz

Proto-West Germanic *kali

Old Dutch [Term?]

Middle Dutch kille

Dutch kil

From Middle Dutch kille, from Proto-Germanic *kaliz, related to Middle Dutch killen (“to be (ice) cold”).

Related also to German Low German Köle, German kühl, Danish køle, Swedish kyla, Icelandic kylur, and English chill.

Adjective

kil (comparative killer, superlative kilst)

1. (figurative) cold-hearted, cold-blooded
2. (literal) cold, chilly (of temperatures, weather, etc.)

Declension

Declension of kil
uninflected	kil
inflected	kille
comparative	killer
		positive	comparative	superlative
predicative/adverbial		kil	killer	het kilst het kilste
indefinite	m./f. sing.	kille	killere	kilste
	n. sing.	kil	killer	kilste
	plural	kille	killere	kilste
definite		kille	killere	kilste
partitive		kils	killers	—

Derived terms

• kilheid
• kilte

Descendants

• Afrikaans: kil

Etymology 2

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *ǵeyH-der.

Proto-Indo-European *ǵi(H)-l-der.

Proto-Germanic *kiljǭ

Proto-West Germanic *killjā

Old Dutch *killa

Middle Dutch kille

Dutch kil

From Middle Dutch kille, from Old Dutch *killa, from Proto-Germanic *kiljǭ, ultimately related to *kīnaną (“to crack, split”).

Noun

kil f (plural killen, diminutive killetje n)(archaic or dialect)

1. kill, waterway on sandflats or mud flats
2. creek, rivulet

Alternative forms

• kille
• kill (obsolete)

Descendants

• → English: kill

Anagrams

• lik

French

Etymology

A clipping of kilo.

Pronunciation

• Audio (France (Vosges)):

  (file)

Noun

kil m (plural kils)

1. (slang) synonym of kilo
2. (slang) liter of wine.

References

• “kil”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012

Garo

Noun

kil

1. cotton

Guinea-Bissau Creole

Etymology

From Portuguese aquele. Cognate with Kabuverdianu kel.

Pronoun

kil

1. this
2. that

Livonian

Etymology 1

From Proto-Finnic *küllä via earlier kü’l.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkiˀl/, [ˈkiˀl]

Particle

ki’l

1. An emphatic particle; sure; indeed

Adverb

ki’l

1. enough, sufficient

Etymology 2

Derived from ki’llõ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkiˀl/, [ˈkiˀl]

Noun

ki’l

1. sound, ring
2. (linguistics) phone

Declension

Declension of ki’l (73)

	singular (ikšlu’g)	plural (pǟgiņlu’g)
nominative (nominatīv)	ki’l	kilūd
genitive (genitīv)	ki’l	kilūd
partitive (partitīv)	ki’llõ	ki’ļḑi
dative (datīv)	ki’llõn	kilūdõn
instrumental (instrumentāl)	ki’lkõks	kilūdõks
illative (illatīv)	ki’llõ	ki’ļži
inessive (inesīv)	ki’lsõ	ki’ļši
elative (elatīv)	ki’lstõ	ki’ļšti

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkil/, [ˈkilː]

Noun

kil

1. alternative form of kiļ

Declension

Declension of kil (126)

	singular (ikšlu’g)	plural (pǟgiņlu’g)
nominative (nominatīv)	kil	killõd
genitive (genitīv)	kil	killõd
partitive (partitīv)	killõ	killidi
dative (datīv)	killõn	killõdõn
instrumental (instrumentāl)	killõks	killõdõks
illative (illatīv)	killõ	killiž
inessive (inesīv)	kilsõ	killis
elative (elatīv)	kilstõ	killist

References

• Tiit-Rein Viitso; Valts Ernštreits (2012–2013), “kil”, in Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz [Livonian-Estonian-Latvian Dictionary]‎^[1] (in Estonian and Latvian), Tartu, Rīga: Tartu Ülikool, Latviešu valodas aģentūra
• Tiit-Rein Viitso; Valts Ernštreits (2012–2013), “ki’l”, in Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz [Livonian-Estonian-Latvian Dictionary]‎^[2] (in Estonian and Latvian), Tartu, Rīga: Tartu Ülikool, Latviešu valodas aģentūra

Marshallese

Pronunciation

• (phonetics) IPA^(key): [kilʲ]
• (phonemic) IPA^(key): /kilʲ/
• Bender phonemes: {kil}

Noun

kil (construct kilin)

1. skin

References

• Abo, Takaji; Bender Byron W.; Capelle, Alfred; DeBrum, Tony (2009–), “kil”, in Marshallese–English Online Dictionary‎^[3]

Mizo

Etymology

From Proto-Kuki-Chin *kil.

Noun

kil

1. angle
2. corner

Further reading

• Lorrain, J. Herbert (1940), “kil”, in Dictionary of the Lushai language, Calcutta: Asiatic Society

Mokilese

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkil/

Noun

kil

1. skin

Possessive forms

Possessive forms of kil (tight inalienable possession, -i stem)

singular possessor	first person		kilihoa
	second person		kilimwen
	third person		kilin
dual possessors	first person inclusive		kilisa
	first person exclusive		kilima
	second person		kilimwa
	third person		kilira
plural possessors	first person inclusive		kilisai
	first person exclusive		kilimai
	second person		kilimwai
	third person		kilirai
remote plural possessors	first person inclusive		kilihs
	first person exclusive		kilimi
	second person		kilimwi
	third person		kilihr
construct form			kilin

References

• Harrison, Sheldon P.; Albert, Salich Y. (1977), Mokilese-English Dictionary‎^[4], Honolulu: The University Press of Hawaii, →ISBN, page 108

Norwegian Bokmål

Verb

kil

1. imperative of kile

Old French

Contraction

kil

1. Contraction of ke + il (that he, that it)

Polish

Etymology

Etymology tree

Middle Low German kēl, kilbor.

German Kielbor.

Polish kil

Borrowed from German Kiel.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkil/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -il
• Syllabification: kil
• Homophone: Kil

Noun

kil m inan (related adjective kilowy)

1. (nautical) keel (beam along the underside of a ship's hull)

   Synonym: stępka

2. (aeronautics) keel (construction similar in form and use to a ship's keel; in an aeroplane, a fin or fixed surface employed to increase stability and to hold the machine to its course)
3. (zoology) keel (periphery of a whorl extended to form a more or less flattened plate; a prominent spiral ridge)

Declension

Declension of kil

	singular	plural
nominative	kil	kile
genitive	kila/kilu	kili
dative	kilowi	kilom
accusative	kil	kile
instrumental	kilem	kilami
locative	kilu	kilach
vocative	kilu	kile

Derived terms

interjections

• stopy wody pod kilem

Further reading

• “kil”, in Wielki słownik języka polskiego‎^[5] (in Polish), Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• “kil”, in Polish dictionaries at PWN‎^[6] (in Polish)

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French kil, kilo.

Noun

kil n (plural kile)

1. kilo

Declension

	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative-accusative	kil	kilul	kile	kilele
genitive-dative	kil	kilului	kile	kilelor
vocative	kilule		kilelor

Slovene

Noun

kil

1. genitive dual/plural of kila

Southwestern Dinka

Noun

kil (plural kiɛl)

1. rhinoceros

References

• Dinka-English Dictionary‎^[7], 2005

Swedish

Etymology

Borrowed from Middle Low German, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *kīnaną (“to split, crack open”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɕiːl/
• Rhymes: -iːl

Noun

kil c

1. wedge
2. (heraldry) pile

Declension

Declension of kil

		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	kil	kils
	definite	kilen	kilens
plural	indefinite	kilar	kilars
	definite	kilarna	kilarnas

References

• “kil”, in Svensk ordbok [Dictionary of Swedish] (in Swedish)
• “kil”, in Svenska Akademiens ordlista [Wordlist of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish)
• “kil”, in Svenska Akademiens ordbok [Dictionary of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish)

Anagrams

• -lik, lik

Tarao

Noun

kil

1. elbow

References

• Chungkham Yashwanta Singh (2002), Tarao Grammar (in Tarao)

Turkish

kilden eşyalar

Etymology

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish كیل (kil), from Persian گل (gel).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈcil/

Noun

kil (definite accusative kili, plural killer)

1. clay

   Synonym: çamur

Derived terms

• kil taşı
• killemek
• killi
• kilsi
• kilsiz

Adjective

kil

1. clay, made of clay

References

• “kil”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu
• Ayverdi, İlhan (2010), “kil”, in Misalli Büyük Türkçe Sözlük, a reviewed and expanded single-volume edition, Istanbul: Kubbealtı Neşriyatı
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–), “kil”, in Nişanyan Sözlük

Volapük

Volapük numbers ^(edit)

	30
←  2	3	4  →
Cardinal: kil     Ordinal: kilid     Adverbial: kilna     Fractional: kildil

Numeral

kil

1. three

Derived terms

• killien (“triangle”)
• kilüm

Further reading

• “kil”, in Vödabuk (in English, Esperanto, and Volapük)

Wiradjuri

Noun

kil

1. alternative spelling of geel

Zou

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [kìl]
• Hyphenation: kil

Noun

kìl

1. button
2. lock, bolt

References

• Philip Thangliènmâng (2010), Minimal dictionary and Self-tutor Functional Grammar in Zo-English-Hindi, New Delhi: Zoculsin, →ISBN, pages 23, 86