ling

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ling"

English

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation, General American) enPR: lĭng; IPA^(key): /lɪŋ/

  • Audio (Southern England):

    (file)

• Rhymes: -ɪŋ

Etymology 1

From Middle English lenge, of Germanic origin. Cognate with Old Norse langa. Probably related to long.

Noun

ling (countable and uncountable, plural lings or ling)

2. Any of various codlike saltwater fish often used as food by humans, those of the genus Molva, in the family Lotidae.

   Hypernyms: lotid < gadid < gadiform < fish < vertebrate < animal < organism < creature

   Coordinate terms: (fellow lotid) cusk, torsk, tusk; (other commercially important gadiforms) cod (Gadus sense), cod (Gadus morhue sense), hake, haddock, pollock, whiting

   • 1995 December 26, William J. Broad, “Creatures of the Deep Find Their Way to the Table”, in The New York Times‎^[1]:

     Other deep creatures now being harvested or targeted as seafood include rattails, skates, squid, red crabs, orange roughy, black oreos, smooth oreos, hoki, blue ling, southern blue whiting, sablefish, black scabbard fish and spiny dogfish.

   2. (especially) A common ling (Molva molva).

Derived terms

• blue ling (Molva dypterygia)
• lingcod
• common ling (Molva molva)

Translations

Any of various marine food fish, of the genus Molva

• Catalan: llengua de bacallà (ca) f
• Czech: mník (cs) m
• Dutch: leng (nl) m
• Faroese: longa f
• Finnish: molva (fi)
• French: lotte (fr) f
• Galician: maruca (gl) f
• Hungarian: gadóchal
• Icelandic: langa (is) f
• Irish: langa (ga) m, bod mór (ga) m
• Māori: hoka, hokarari
• Middle English: lenge
• Old Norse: langa f
• Scottish Gaelic: langa m
• Spanish: maruca f
• Swedish: långa (sv) c
• Welsh: honos m

Molva molva — see common ling

Etymology 2

From Middle English ling, linge, from Old Norse lyng.

Noun

ling (countable and uncountable, plural lings or ling)

2. Any of various varieties of heather or broom.
   1. Common heather (Calluna vulgaris)
      • 1886, Peter Christen Asbj&oslash￵rnsen, translated by H.L. Brækstad, Folk and Fairy Tales, page 28:

        I was sitting by a path on a tussock between some bushes, whence I could overlook the path and a little valley to which it led down, and where nothing but ling and heather grew.

      • 1931, Dorothy L. Sayers, The Five Red Herrings:

        Partridges, enjoying their last weeks of security, rose whirring and clattering from among the ling.

Derived terms

• lingy

Translations

Any of various varieties of heather or broom

• Bulgarian: калуна f (kaluna)
• Catalan: bruguerola f
• Czech: vřes m
• Finnish: kanerva (fi) (heather)
• Galician: queiroa (gl) f, uz (gl) f, carroucha (gl) f, carpaza (gl) f
• German: Besenheide (de) f
• Hungarian: csarab (hu), hanga (hu)
• Irish: fraoch m
• Italian: brugo m
• Middle English: lyng
• Scottish Gaelic: fraoch m
• Swedish: ljung (sv) c
• Welsh: grug (cy) f

Etymology 3

Noun

ling (uncountable)

1. (informal) Clipping of linguistics.

Anagrams

• lign-

Albanian

Etymology

From Proto-Albanian *linga, from Proto-Indo-European *leig-. Compare English lark (“to frolic”), Lithuanian láigyti (“to run around wildly”), Ancient Greek ἐλελίζω (elelízō, “to whirl around”).

Noun

ling m (definite lingu)

1. quick gait, trot
2. hurry, haste, rush

Declension

Declension of ling

	singular
	indefinite	definite
nominative	ling	lingu
accusative		lingun
dative/ablative	lingu	lingut

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish lingid.

Verb

ling (present analytic lingeann, future analytic lingfidh, verbal noun lingeadh, past participle lingthe) (ambitransitive)

1. (literary) leap, spring
2. jump at, attack
3. start back, shrink away from (with ó (“from”))

Conjugation

Conjugation of ling (first conjugation – A)

indicative	singular			plural			direct relative	autonomous
	first	second	third	first	second	third
present	lingim	lingeann tú; lingir†	lingeann sé, sí	lingimid; lingeann muid	lingeann sibh	lingeann siad; lingid†	a lingeann; a lingeas	lingtear
past	ling mé; lingeas	ling tú; lingis	ling sé, sí	lingeamar; ling muid	ling sibh; lingeabhair	ling siad; lingeadar	a ling	lingeadh
past habitual	linginn	lingteá	lingeadh sé, sí	lingimis; lingeadh muid	lingeadh sibh	lingidís; lingeadh siad	a lingeadh	lingtí
	singular			plural			direct relative	autonomous
	first	second	third	first	second	third
future	lingfidh mé; lingfead	lingfidh tú; lingfir†	lingfidh sé, sí	lingfimid; lingfidh muid	lingfidh sibh	lingfidh siad; lingfid†	a lingfidh; a lingfeas	lingfear
conditional	lingfinn	lingfeá	lingfeadh sé, sí	lingfimis; lingfeadh muid	lingfeadh sibh	lingfidís; lingfeadh siad	a lingfeadh	lingfí
subjunctive	singular			plural			direct relative	autonomous
	first	second	third	first	second	third
present	go linge mé; go lingead†	go linge tú; go lingir†	go linge sé, sí	go lingimid; go linge muid	go linge sibh	go linge siad; go lingid†	—	go lingtear
past	dá linginn	dá lingteá	dá lingeadh sé, sí	dá lingimis; dá lingeadh muid	dá lingeadh sibh	dá lingidís; dá lingeadh siad	—	dá lingtí
imperative	singular			plural			direct relative	autonomous
	first	second	third	first	second	third
—	lingim	ling	lingeadh sé, sí	lingimis	lingigí; lingidh†	lingidís	—	lingtear
past participle	lingthe
verbal noun	lingeadh

^† archaic or dialect form
^‡ dependent form

Derived terms

• lingchlár (“springboard; spring balance”)
• lingeach (“springy”, adjective)
• lingeacht (“springiness”)
• lingeán (“spring”, noun)
• lingmheatán (“spring balance”)

References

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “ling”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla [Irish–English Dictionary], Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “lingid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959), “ling”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm

Mandarin

Romanization

ling

1. nonstandard spelling of līng
2. nonstandard spelling of líng
3. nonstandard spelling of lǐng
4. nonstandard spelling of lìng

Usage notes

• Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

Middle English

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

ling

1. (County Durham) alternative form of lenge (“ling”)

Etymology 2

From Old Norse lyng.

Noun

ling

2. Any of various varieties of heather or broom.

Northern Kurdish

Alternative forms

• leng, nig, ning

Etymology

From Proto-Iranian *langa-, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *langa- (“lame”), according to Pokorny, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)leh₁g- (“feeble, weak”). Confer Persian لنگ (leng, “lame; leg”), Central Kurdish لەنگ (leng), Sanskrit लङ्ग (laṅga, “lame”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lɪŋɡ/
• Rhymes: -ɪŋɡ

Noun

ling m (Arabic spelling لنگ)

1. leg

   Synonyms: pê, qor

2. foot

   Synonym: pê

Declension

Declension of ling

definite masculine gender
case	singular	plural
nominative	ling	ling
construct	lingê	lingên
oblique	lingî	lingan
demonstrative oblique	wî lingî	wan lingan
vocative	lingo	lingino
indefinite masculine gender
case	singular	plural
nominative	lingek	lingin
construct	lingekî	lingine
oblique	lingekî	linginan

Related terms

• leng

References

• Chyet, Michael L. (2020), “ling”, in Ferhenga Birûskî: Kurmanji–English Dictionary (Language Series; 1), volume 1, London: Transnational Press, page 450

Romanian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [liŋɡ]

Verb

ling

1. inflection of linge:
   1. first-person singular present indicative/subjunctive
   2. third-person plural present indicative

Yola

Etymology

From Middle English lyng, from Old Norse lyng.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lɪŋ/

Noun

ling

1. ling (Calluna vulgaris)
   • 1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 1, page 108:

     Zing ug a mor fane a zour a ling.

     [Sing to the moor iris, the sorrel and the ling.]

References

• Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828), William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 108