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obraz

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: obraź and ôbráz

Czech

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Czech Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia cs

Etymology

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Inherited from Old Czech obraz, from Proto-Slavic *obrazъ. By surface analysis, deverbal from obrazit.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ˈobras]
  • Audio:(file)

Noun

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obraz m inan

  1. picture, painting, image
  2. (mathematics) image (something mapped to by a function)
    Antonym: vzor m

Declension

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Declension of obraz (hard masculine inanimate)
singular plural
nominative obraz obrazy
genitive obrazu obrazů
dative obrazu obrazům
accusative obraz obrazy
vocative obraze obrazy
locative obraze, obrazu obrazech
instrumental obrazem obrazy

Derived terms

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Further reading

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Old Czech

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *obrazъ. By surface analysis, deverbal from obraziti.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): (13th CE) /ˈobraz/
  • IPA(key): (15th CE) /ˈobras/

Noun

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obraz m inan

  1. display; carving; sculpture, engraving; relief; drawing; painting (created representation of something)
  2. (religion) idol (graven image or representation of anything that is revered, or believed to convey spiritual power)
  3. mark and inscription stamped on a coin
  4. minted money; coins
  5. image (vision created in the human mind)
  6. reflection (that which is seen in a mirror)
  7. image, likeness (set of characteristic features, especially spiritual)

Declension

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Declension of obraz (hard o-stem)
singular dual plural
nominative obraz obrazy obrazi, obrazové
genitive obraza, obrazu obrazú obrazóv
dative obrazu obrazoma obrazóm
accusative obraz obrazy obrazy
vocative obraze obrazy obrazi, obrazové
locative obrazě, obrazu obrazú obraziech
instrumental obrazem obrazoma obrazy
This table shows the most common forms around the 13th century.

Descendants

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  • Czech: obraz

References

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Old Polish

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Etymology

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    . By surface analysis, deverbal from obrazić.

    Pronunciation

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    • IPA(key): (10th–15th CE) /ɔbraːs/
    • IPA(key): (15th CE) /ɔbrɒs/

    Noun

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    obraz m inan (diminutive obrazek)

    1. (attested in Lesser Poland) sculpture, statue, engraved image
      • 1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter]‎scan transliteration, transcription, numbers 72, 20, Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament]:
        Iaco sen wstaiøczich, gospodne, w mescze twoiem obraz gich ku niczemu obroczisz (velut somnium surgentium, domine, in civitate tua imaginem ipsorum ad nihilum rediges)
        [Jako sen wstających, Gospodnie, w mieście twojem obraz jich ku niczemu obrocisz (velut somnium surgentium, Domine, in civitate tua imaginem ipsorum ad nihilum rediges)]
    2. (attested in Lesser Poland) shape, form, figure
    3. (attested in Lesser Poland) shadow, illusion
      • 1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter]‎scan transliteration, transcription, numbers 38, 9, Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament]:
        Ale zaprawdø w obraze przeszedl czlowek (in imagine pertransit homo) a za dar se troszcze
        [Ale zaprawdę w obrazie przeszedł człowiek (in imagine pertransit homo), a za dar sie troszcze]
    4. person's impeccable demeanor
    5. (attested in Silesia) The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:
      1. symbol, image
        • 1956 [Middle of the 15th century], Jerzy Woronczak, editor, Teksty polskie w rękopisie nr 43 Biblioteki Kapitulnej we Wrocławiu z połowy XV wieku‎[2], Silesia, page 106r:
          Si formam, obraszem, dei te appellem, digna existis
          [Si formam, obrazem, Dei te appellem, digna existis]
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    nouns
    verbs

    Descendants

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    References

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    • Boryś, Wiesław (2005), “obraz”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN
    • Mańczak, Witold (2017), “obraz”, in Polski słownik etymologiczny (in Polish), Kraków: Polska Akademia Umiejętności, →ISBN
    • Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000), “obraz”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
    • B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “obraz”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN

    Old Slovak

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    Etymology

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    Inherited from Proto-Slavic *obrazъ. By surface analysis, deverbal from obraziť. First attested in 1585.

    Noun

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    obraz m inan

    1. display; carving; sculpture, engraving; relief; drawing; painting (created representation of something)
    2. form, appearance; character, nature (set of characteristic bodily or mental traits)
    3. (religion) idol (graven image or representation of anything that is revered, or believed to convey spiritual power)
    4. image (idea formed in the human mind; visual impression)
    5. reflection
    6. description (verbal representation)
    7. model, example (mform for imitation)
    8. face (front part of a head)
    9. sign, symbol

    Descendants

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    References

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    • Majtán, Milan et al., editors (1991–2008), “obraz”, in Historický slovník slovenského jazyka [Historical Dictionary of the Slovak Language] (in Slovak), volumes 1–7 (A – Ž), Bratislava: VEDA, →OCLC

    Polish

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    Polish Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia pl
    obraz

    Pronunciation

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    Etymology 1

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    Etymology tree
    Proto-Indo-European *h₃ebʰi
    Proto-Balto-Slavic *ab
    Proto-Slavic *o(b)
    Proto-Slavic *ob-
    Proto-Indo-European *wreh₁ǵ-der.
    Proto-Indo-European *-yeti
    Proto-Indo-European *-éyeti
    Proto-Balto-Slavic *-éitei
    Proto-Slavic *-iti
    Proto-Slavic *raziti
    Proto-Slavic *obrazitideverb.
    Proto-Slavic *obrazъ
    Old Polish obraz
    Polish obraz

      Inherited from Old Polish obraz. By surface analysis, deverbal from obrazić.

      Noun

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      obraz m inan (diminutive obrazek or (dialectal) obrazik, related adjective obrazowy)

      1. (art) image (artistic creation)
        "Mona Lisa" jest jednym z najbardziej znanych obrazów olejnych z czasów renesansu.
        The Mona Lisa is one of the most famous oil paintings of the Renaissance.
      2. image (representation of reality resulting from the reflection or refraction of light rays)
        Synonyms: krajobraz, pejzaż
      3. film, movie, image; banger (feature presentation of images, especially a good one)
        Synonym: film
      4. image (representation of reality on the screen of an electronic device)
        Synonym: wizja
      5. image (observed or remembered situation)
        Synonym: scena
      6. holistic description (thorough explanation of something)
        Synonym: opis
      7. image (sight of someone or something)
        Synonym: widok
      8. image (idea someone has about something, or someone's opinion about something)
        Synonym: wizerunek
      9. scene (part of a theater play, opera or ballet)
        Synonyms: scena, odsłona
      10. (mathematics) image (something mapped to by a function)
      11. (mathematics) image (subset of a codomain comprising those elements that are images of something)
      12. (obsolete, historical) type of tax
      13. (obsolete) figure, form; symbol, sign
      14. (obsolete) impression; glance
      15. (Middle Polish) example, model
        Synonyms: przykład, wzór
      16. (Middle Polish) idol (representation of a deity)
        Synonym: bożek
      17. (Middle Polish) representation (creation meant to represent something i.e. on an image)
        Synonym: reprezentacja
      18. (Middle Polish) imagination
        Synonym: wyobrażenie
      19. (Middle Polish) reflection (result of copying from an example or model)
      20. (Middle Polish) equivalent; reference
      21. (Middle Polish) reflection (image of something on a shiny surface)
        Synonym: odbicie
      22. (Middle Polish) shadow (something fleeting)
      23. (Middle Polish) being; person, character
      24. (Middle Polish) block (square slab of marble or other expensive stone used for lining walls)
      25. (Middle Polish) map of the sky (paths in the sky along which the heavenly bodies move)
      Declension
      [edit]
      Declension of obraz
      singular plural
      nominative obraz obrazy
      genitive obrazu obrazów
      dative obrazowi obrazom
      accusative obraz obrazy
      instrumental obrazem obrazami
      locative obrazie obrazach
      vocative obrazie obrazy
      Derived terms
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      nouns
      prepositions
      proverbs
      verbs
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      adverbs
      nouns
      verbs
      verbs

      Trivia

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      According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), obraz is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 37 times in scientific texts, 12 times in news, 22 times in essays, 21 times in fiction, and 9 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 101 times, making it the 623rd most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[1]

      Etymology 2

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      See obraza.

      Noun

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      obraz m inan

      1. (Eastern Lublin, Krynice and Kryniczki) alternative form of obraza
        z wielgiego obrazu ― out of great offense

      Etymology 3

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      See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

      Noun

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      obraz f

      1. genitive plural of obraza

      References

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      1. ^ Ida Kurcz (1990), “obraz”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language]‎[1] (in Polish), volume 1, Kraków; Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 304

      Further reading

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      Romanian

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      Etymology

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      Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic образъ (obrazŭ), from Proto-Slavic *obrazъ.

      Pronunciation

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      Noun

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      obraz m (plural obraji)

      1. countenance
      2. cheek
      3. (slang) buttock
        Synonym: bucă

      Declension

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      singular plural
      indefinite definite indefinite definite
      nominative-accusative obraz obrazul obraji obrajii
      genitive-dative obraz obrazului obraji obrajilor
      vocative obrazule obrajilor

      Derived terms

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      Serbo-Croatian

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      Serbo-Croatian Wikipedia has an article on:
      Wikipedia sh

      Etymology

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      Inherited from Proto-Slavic *obrazъ.

      Pronunciation

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      • IPA(key): /ǒbraz/
      • Hyphenation: o‧braz

      Noun

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      òbraz m inan (Cyrillic spelling о̀браз)

      1. cheek
      2. honor
      3. face

      Declension

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      Declension of obraz
      singular plural
      nominative obraz obrazi
      genitive obraza obraza
      dative obrazu obrazima
      accusative obraz obraze
      vocative obraze obrazi
      locative obrazu obrazima
      instrumental obrazom obrazima
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      See also

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      Slovak

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      Slovak Wikipedia has an article on:
      Wikipedia sk

      Etymology

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      Inherited from Old Slovak obraz, from Proto-Slavic *obrazъ. By surface analysis, deverbal from obraziť.

      Pronunciation

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      • IPA(key): /ɔbras/, [ˈɔbras]
      • Rhymes: -ɔbras
      • Hyphenation: ob‧raz

      Noun

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      obraz m inan (relational adjective obrazový, diminutive obrázok or obrážtek, augmentative obrazisko)

      1. image, picture, painting
      2. (mathematics) image (something mapped to by a function)
        Antonym: vzor m

      Declension

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      Declension of obraz
      (pattern dub)
      singularplural
      nominativeobrazobrazy
      genitiveobrazuobrazov
      dativeobrazuobrazom
      accusativeobrazobrazy
      locativeobrazeobrazoch
      instrumentalobrazomobrazmi
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      Further reading

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      • “obraz”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2026

      Slovene

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      Etymology

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      From Proto-Slavic *obrazъ.

      Pronunciation

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      Noun

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      obrȁz m inan

      1. (anatomy) face

      Declension

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      Unknown tone or non-tonal
      		 The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker, please help by adding the tonal marks.
      Masculine inan., hard o-stem
      nom. sing. obràz
      gen. sing. obráza
      singular dual plural
      nominative
      (imenovȃlnik)       		obràz obráza obrázi
      genitive
      (rodȋlnik)       		obráza obrázov obrázov
      dative
      (dajȃlnik)       		obrázu obrázoma obrázom
      accusative
      (tožȋlnik)       		obràz obráza obráze
      locative
      (mẹ̑stnik)       		obrázu obrázih obrázih
      instrumental
      (orọ̑dnik)       		obrázom obrázoma obrázi

      Derived terms

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      Further reading

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      • “obraz”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU (in Slovene), 2014–2026
      Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=obraz&oldid=90507228"