planar

English

Etymology

From Late Latin plānārius (“relating to a plane”), derived from Latin plānus (“flat”, “level”), equivalent to plane +‎ -ar, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₂- (“flat”).

Pronunciation

• (General American) IPA^(key): /ˈpleɪnɚ/
• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˈpleɪnə/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

• Homophones: plainer, planer
• Rhymes: -eɪnə(ɹ)

Adjective

planar (comparative more planar, superlative most planar)

1. Of or pertaining to a plane.

   A planar projection of a three-dimensional object is its projection onto a plane.

2. Flat, two-dimensional.
3. (graph theory, of a graph) Able to be embedded in the plane with no edges intersecting.

   A complete graph with more than four nodes is never planar.

4. (transistor chip, semiconductor devices) Having a flat profile, not etched into a mesa.

Derived terms

• antiplanar
• biplanar
• complanar
• coplanar
• curviplanar
• diplanar
• echoplanar
• equiplanar
• exoplanar
• extraplanar
• halfplanar
• hyperplanar
• interplanar
• intraplanar
• microplanar
• monoplanar
• multiplanar
• nonplanar
• outerplanar
• periplanar
• plabic
• planar defect
• planar graph
• planar induction
• planarisation
• planarity
• planarization
• planarize
• planarly
• quadriplanar
• quasiplanar
• synplanar
• triplanar
• uniplanar

Related terms

• plane
• planate

Translations

of or pertaining to a plane

• Bulgarian: равнинен (ravninen)
• Czech: rovinný (cs), planární
• French: planaire (fr)
• Irish: plánach
• Italian: planare (it)
• Romanian: planar (ro) m
• Spanish: plano (es)
• Turkish: düzlemsel (tr)

flat, two-dimensional

• Bulgarian: плосък (bg) (plosăk)
• Irish: plánach
• Italian: planare (it)
• Māori: papatahi
• Romanian: planar (ro) m

Catalan

Etymology

From pla (“even, level”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Northern, Balearic, Central) [pləˈna]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [plaˈnaɾ]
• IPA^(key): (Northwestern) [plaˈna]

Verb

planar (first-person singular present plano, first-person singular preterite planí, past participle planat)

1. (transitive) synonym of aplanar
2. (intransitive) to hover, circle
3. (intransitive, figurative) to loom over

Conjugation

    Central Catalan conjugation of planar (first conjugation)

infinitive			planar
gerund			planant
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		planat		planada
		plural		planats		planades
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	plano	planes	plana	planem	planeu	planen
	imperfect	planava	planaves	planava	planàvem	planàveu	planaven
	future	planaré	planaràs	planarà	planarem	planareu	planaran
	preterite	planí	planares	planà	planàrem	planàreu	planaren
	conditional	planaria	planaries	planaria	planaríem	planaríeu	planarien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	plani	planis	plani	planem	planeu	planin
	imperfect	planés	planessis	planés	planéssim	planéssiu	planessin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
	affirmative	—	plana	plani	planem	planeu	planin
	negative (no)	—	no planis	no plani	no planem	no planeu	no planin

Derived terms

• planador

Further reading

• Alcover, Antoni Maria; Moll, Francesc de Borja (1963), “planar”, in Diccionari català-valencià-balear (in Catalan)
• “planar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2026
• “planar”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], April 2007

German

Pronunciation

• Audio (Germany (Berlin)):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -aːɐ̯

Adjective

planar (strong nominative masculine singular planarer, not comparable)

1. planar

Declension

Positive forms of planar (uncomparable)

number & gender		singular			plural
		masculine	feminine	neuter
predicative		er ist planar	sie ist planar	es ist planar	sie sind planar
strong declension (without article)	nominative	planarer	planare	planares	planare
	genitive	planaren	planarer	planaren	planarer
	dative	planarem	planarer	planarem	planaren
	accusative	planaren	planare	planares	planare
weak declension (with definite article)	nominative	der planare	die planare	das planare	die planaren
	genitive	des planaren	der planaren	des planaren	der planaren
	dative	dem planaren	der planaren	dem planaren	den planaren
	accusative	den planaren	die planare	das planare	die planaren
mixed declension (with indefinite article)	nominative	ein planarer	eine planare	ein planares	(keine) planaren
	genitive	eines planaren	einer planaren	eines planaren	(keiner) planaren
	dative	einem planaren	einer planaren	einem planaren	(keinen) planaren
	accusative	einen planaren	eine planare	ein planares	(keine) planaren

Further reading

• “planar” in Duden online
• “planar”, in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache‎^[1] (in German)

Norwegian Nynorsk

Noun

planar m

1. indefinite plural of plan

Portuguese

Etymology

From plano + -ar.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /plaˈna(ʁ)/ [plaˈna(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /plaˈna(ʁ)/ [plaˈna(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /plaˈna(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /plaˈna(ʁ)/ [plaˈna(χ)]
  • (Caipira) IPA^(key): /plaˈna(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /plɐˈnaɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /plɐˈnaɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /plɐˈna.ɾi/

• Hyphenation: pla‧nar

Verb

planar (first-person singular present plano, first-person singular preterite planei, past participle planado)

1. (intransitive) to glide (to fly unpowered)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of planar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	planar
Personal	planar	planares	planar	planarmos	planardes	planarem
Gerund
	planando
Past participle
Masculine	planado			planados
Feminine	planada			planadas
Indicative
Present	plano	planas	plana	planamos	planais	planam
Imperfect	planava	planavas	planava	planávamos	planáveis	planavam
Preterite	planei	planaste	planou	planamos1, planámos2	planastes	planaram
Pluperfect	planara	planaras	planara	planáramos	planáreis	planaram
Future	planarei	planarás	planará	planaremos	planareis	planarão
Conditional	planaria	planarias	planaria	planaríamos	planaríeis	planariam
Subjunctive
Present	plane	planes	plane	planemos	planeis	planem
Imperfect	planasse	planasses	planasse	planássemos	planásseis	planassem
Future	planar	planares	planar	planarmos	planardes	planarem
Imperative
Affirmative		plana	plane	planemos	planai	planem
Negative (não)		não planes	não plane	não planemos	não planeis	não planem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Related terms

• plano

Further reading

• “planar”, in Dicionário Aulete Digital (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2026
• “planar”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2026

Spanish

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *pleth₂-?

Proto-Indo-European *pel-?

Proto-Indo-European *pleh₂-

Proto-Indo-European *-nós

Proto-Indo-European *pl̥h₂nós

Proto-Italic *plānos

Latin plānus

Latin planum

Late Latin planariuslbor.

Spanish planar

Learned borrowing from Late Latin planarius (“relating to a plane”), from Latin planum (“plane”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /plaˈnaɾ/ [plaˈnaɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: pla‧nar

Adjective

planar m or f (masculine and feminine plural planares)

1. planar (relating to a plane)

Swedish

Verb

planar

1. present indicative of plana