resumir

Catalan

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin resūmere, with normal change of conjugation to -ir.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Northern, Balearic, Central) [rə.zuˈmi]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [re.zuˈmiɾ]
• IPA^(key): (Northwestern) [re.zuˈmi]

• Audio (Barcelona):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -i(ɾ)

Verb

resumir (first-person singular present resumeixo or resumo, first-person singular preterite resumí, past participle resumit)

1. (transitive) to summarize

Conjugation

    Central Catalan conjugation of resumir (third conjugation, with -eix- or without -eix-)

infinitive			resumir
gerund			resumint
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		resumit		resumida
		plural		resumits		resumides
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	resumeixo, resumo	resumeixes, resums	resumeix, resum	resumim	resumiu	resumeixen, resumen
	imperfect	resumia	resumies	resumia	resumíem	resumíeu	resumien
	future	resumiré	resumiràs	resumirà	resumirem	resumireu	resumiran
	preterite	resumí	resumires	resumí	resumírem	resumíreu	resumiren
	conditional	resumiria	resumiries	resumiria	resumiríem	resumiríeu	resumirien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	resumeixi, resumi	resumeixis, resumis	resumeixi, resumi	resumim	resumiu	resumeixin, resumin
	imperfect	resumís	resumissis	resumís	resumíssim	resumíssiu	resumissin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
	affirmative	—	resumeix, resum	resumeixi, resumi	resumim	resumiu	resumeixin, resumin
	negative (no)	—	no resumeixis, no resumis	no resumeixi, no resumi	no resumim	no resumiu	no resumeixin, no resumin

Derived terms

• resum

Further reading

• “resumir”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], April 2007
• “resumir”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2026
• “resumir” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• Alcover, Antoni Maria; Moll, Francesc de Borja (1963), “resumir”, in Diccionari català-valencià-balear (in Catalan)

Galician

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Italic *wre-

Latin re-

Proto-Indo-European *upó

Proto-Italic *supo

Latin sub

Latin sub-

Proto-Indo-European *h₁em-

Proto-Indo-European *-eti

Proto-Indo-European *h₁émeti

Proto-Italic *emō

Latin emō

Latin sūmō

Latin resūmerelbor.

Galician resumir

Learned borrowing from Latin resūmere.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /resuˈmiɾ/ [re.s̺uˈmiɾ]
• Rhymes: -iɾ
• Hyphenation: re‧su‧mir

Verb

resumir (first-person singular present resumo, first-person singular preterite resumín, past participle resumido)
resumir (first-person singular present resumo, first-person singular preterite resumim or resumi, past participle resumido, reintegrationist norm)

1. (transitive) to summarize

Conjugation

    Conjugation of resumir

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti)	Third-person (el / ela / Vde.)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal	resumir
Personal	resumir	resumires	resumir	resumirmos	resumirdes	resumiren
Gerund
	resumindo
Past participle
Masculine	resumido			resumidos
Feminine	resumida			resumidas
Indicative
Present	resumo	resumes	resume	resumimos	resumides	resumen
Imperfect	resumía	resumías	resumía	resumiamos	resumiades	resumían
Preterite	resumín	resumiches	resumiu	resumimos	resumistes	resumiron
Pluperfect	resumira	resumiras	resumira	resumiramos	resumirades	resumiran
Future	resumirei	resumirás	resumirá	resumiremos	resumiredes	resumirán
Conditional	resumiría	resumirías	resumiría	resumiriamos	resumiriades	resumirían
Subjunctive
Present	resuma	resumas	resuma	resumamos	resumades	resuman
Imperfect	resumise	resumises	resumise	resumísemos	resumísedes	resumisen
Future	resumir	resumires	resumir	resumirmos	resumirdes	resumiren
Imperative
Affirmative		resume	resuma	resumamos	resumide	resuman
Negative (non)		non resumas	non resuma	non resumamos	non resumades	non resuman

    Reintegrated conjugation of resumir (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti / tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	resumir
Personal	resumir	resumires	resumir	resumirmos	resumirdes	resumirem
Gerund
	resumindo
Past participle
Masculine	resumido			resumidos
Feminine	resumida			resumidas
Indicative
Present	resumo	resumes	resume	resumimos	resumides, resumis	resumem
Imperfect	resumia	resumias	resumia	resumíamos	resumíades, resumíeis, resumíais1	resumiam
Preterite	resumim, resumi	resumiste, resumiche1	resumiu	resumimos	resumistes	resumírom, resumiram
Pluperfect	resumira	resumiras	resumira	resumíramos	resumírades, resumíreis, resumírais1	resumiram
Future	resumirei	resumirás	resumirá	resumiremos	resumiredes, resumireis	resumirám, resumirão
Conditional	resumiria	resumirias	resumiria	resumiríamos	resumiríades, resumiríeis, resumiríais1	resumiriam
Subjunctive
Present	resuma	resumas	resuma	resumamos	resumades, resumais	resumam
Imperfect	resumisse	resumisses	resumisse	resumíssemos	resumíssedes, resumísseis	resumissem
Future	resumir	resumires	resumir	resumirmos	resumirdes	resumirem
Imperative
Affirmative		resume	resuma	resumamos	resumide, resumi	resumam
Negative (nom)		nom resumas	nom resuma	nom resumamos	nom resumades, nom resumais	nom resumam

¹Less recommended.

Further reading

• “resumir”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2026
• “resumir”, in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (in Galician), 2014–2026
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “resumir”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “resumir”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega

Portuguese

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Italic *wre-

Latin re-

Proto-Indo-European *upó

Proto-Italic *supo

Latin sub

Latin sub-

Proto-Indo-European *h₁em-

Proto-Indo-European *-eti

Proto-Indo-European *h₁émeti

Proto-Italic *emō

Latin emō

Latin sūmō

Latin resūmerelbor.

Portuguese resumir

Learned borrowing from Latin resūmere.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ʁe.zuˈmi(ʁ)/ [he.zuˈmi(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ʁe.zuˈmi(ʁ)/ [he.zuˈmi(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /ʁe.zuˈmi(ɾ)/ [he.zuˈmi(ɾ)]
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /ʁe.zuˈmi(ʁ)/ [χe.zuˈmi(χ)]
  • (Caipira) IPA^(key): /ʁe.zuˈmi(ɻ)/ [he.zuˈmi(ɻ)]

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ʁɨ.zuˈmiɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ʁɨ.zuˈmiɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ʁɨ.zuˈmi.ɾi/

• Homophone: resumi (Brazil)
• Hyphenation: re‧su‧mir

Verb

resumir (first-person singular present resumo, first-person singular preterite resumi, past participle resumido)

1. to summarize (to prepare a summary)

   Synonyms: abreviar, condensar, epilogar, sintetisar, sumariar, sumarizar

2. to show only the essential elements of something

   Antonyms: descrever, detalhar, pormenorizar, relatar

3. to recapitulate; to review

   Synonyms: recapitular, sintetizar

4. to diminish (to make smaller)

   Synonyms: contrair, diminuir, encurtar, reduzir

   Antonym: aumentar

5. to mostly destroy; to leave only remains of something

Conjugation

    Conjugation of resumir (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	resumir
Personal	resumir	resumires	resumir	resumirmos	resumirdes	resumirem
Gerund
	resumindo
Past participle
Masculine	resumido			resumidos
Feminine	resumida			resumidas
Indicative
Present	resumo	resumes	resume	resumimos	resumis	resumem
Imperfect	resumia	resumias	resumia	resumíamos	resumíeis	resumiam
Preterite	resumi	resumiste	resumiu	resumimos	resumistes	resumiram
Pluperfect	resumira	resumiras	resumira	resumíramos	resumíreis	resumiram
Future	resumirei	resumirás	resumirá	resumiremos	resumireis	resumirão
Conditional	resumiria	resumirias	resumiria	resumiríamos	resumiríeis	resumiriam
Subjunctive
Present	resuma	resumas	resuma	resumamos	resumais	resumam
Imperfect	resumisse	resumisses	resumisse	resumíssemos	resumísseis	resumissem
Future	resumir	resumires	resumir	resumirmos	resumirdes	resumirem
Imperative
Affirmative		resume	resuma	resumamos	resumi	resumam
Negative (não)		não resumas	não resuma	não resumamos	não resumais	não resumam

Related terms

• resumidamente
• resumido
• resumidor
• resumo

Further reading

• “resumir”, in Dicionário Aulete Digital (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2026
• “resumir”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2026

Spanish

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Italic *wre-

Latin re-

Proto-Indo-European *upó

Proto-Italic *supo

Latin sub

Latin sub-

Proto-Indo-European *h₁em-

Proto-Indo-European *-eti

Proto-Indo-European *h₁émeti

Proto-Italic *emō

Latin emō

Latin sūmō

Latin resūmerelbor.

Spanish resumir

Learned borrowing from Latin resūmere.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /resuˈmiɾ/ [re.suˈmiɾ]
• Rhymes: -iɾ
• Syllabification: re‧su‧mir

Verb

resumir (first-person singular present resumo, first-person singular preterite resumí, past participle resumido)

1. to summarize

Conjugation

    Conjugation of resumir (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			resumir
gerund			resumiendo
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		resumido		resumida
		plural		resumidos		resumidas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	resumo	resumestú resumísvos	resume	resumimos	resumís	resumen
	imperfect	resumía	resumías	resumía	resumíamos	resumíais	resumían
	preterite	resumí	resumiste	resumió	resumimos	resumisteis	resumieron
	future	resumiré	resumirás	resumirá	resumiremos	resumiréis	resumirán
	conditional	resumiría	resumirías	resumiría	resumiríamos	resumiríais	resumirían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	resuma	resumastú resumásvos2	resuma	resumamos	resumáis	resuman
	imperfect (ra)	resumiera	resumieras	resumiera	resumiéramos	resumierais	resumieran
	imperfect (se)	resumiese	resumieses	resumiese	resumiésemos	resumieseis	resumiesen
	future1	resumiere	resumieres	resumiere	resumiéremos	resumiereis	resumieren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		resumetú resumívos	resuma	resumamos	resumid	resuman
	negative		no resumas	no resuma	no resumamos	no resumáis	no resuman

¹Rare; now chiefly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tuteo-form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of resumir

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive resumir	dative	resumirme	resumirte	resumirle, resumirse	resumirnos	resumiros	resumirles, resumirse
	accusative	resumirme	resumirte	resumirlo, resumirla, resumirse	resumirnos	resumiros	resumirlos, resumirlas, resumirse
with gerund resumiendo	dative	resumiéndome	resumiéndote	resumiéndole, resumiéndose	resumiéndonos	resumiéndoos	resumiéndoles, resumiéndose
	accusative	resumiéndome	resumiéndote	resumiéndolo, resumiéndola, resumiéndose	resumiéndonos	resumiéndoos	resumiéndolos, resumiéndolas, resumiéndose
with informal second-person singular tuteo imperative resume	dative	resúmeme	resúmete	resúmele	resúmenos	not used	resúmeles
	accusative	resúmeme	resúmete	resúmelo, resúmela	resúmenos	not used	resúmelos, resúmelas
with informal second-person singular voseo imperative resumí	dative	resumime	resumite	resumile	resuminos	not used	resumiles
	accusative	resumime	resumite	resumilo, resumila	resuminos	not used	resumilos, resumilas
with formal second-person singular imperative resuma	dative	resúmame	not used	resúmale, resúmase	resúmanos	not used	resúmales
	accusative	resúmame	not used	resúmalo, resúmala, resúmase	resúmanos	not used	resúmalos, resúmalas
with first-person plural imperative resumamos	dative	not used	resumámoste	resumámosle	resumámonos	resumámoos	resumámosles
	accusative	not used	resumámoste	resumámoslo, resumámosla	resumámonos	resumámoos	resumámoslos, resumámoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative resumid	dative	resumidme	not used	resumidle	resumidnos	resumíos	resumidles
	accusative	resumidme	not used	resumidlo, resumidla	resumidnos	resumíos	resumidlos, resumidlas
with formal second-person plural imperative resuman	dative	resúmanme	not used	resúmanle	resúmannos	not used	resúmanles, resúmanse
	accusative	resúmanme	not used	resúmanlo, resúmanla	resúmannos	not used	resúmanlos, resúmanlas, resúmanse

Derived terms

• resumiendo (“in short, to sum up, long story short”)

Further reading

• “resumir”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8.1, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 15 December 2025