湘

湘 U+6E58, 湘 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6E58 ← 湗 [U+6E57] CJK Unified Ideographs 湙 → [U+6E59]

Translingual

Han character

湘 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 水木月山 (EDBU), four-corner 3610₀, composition ⿰氵相)

Derived characters

• 𩅪

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 637, character 11
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17842
• Dae Jaweon: page 1044, character 9
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1670, character 4
• Unihan data for U+6E58

Chinese

simp. and trad.		湘

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 湘
Western Zhou	Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Bronze inscriptions	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (相) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
相	*slaŋ, *slaŋs
廂	*slaŋ
湘	*slaŋ
緗	*slaŋ
箱	*slaŋ
葙	*slaŋ
想	*slaŋʔ
霜	*sraŋ
孀	*sraŋ
鸘	*sraŋ
驦	*sraŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *slaŋ) : semantic 水 + phonetic 相 (OC *slaŋ, *slaŋs).

Etymology

“Short for Hunan”

Named after the Xiang River.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): Xiāng (Xiang¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄤ

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): soeng¹

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): lhiang¹

• Gan (Wiktionary): xiong¹
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): Siông

  (Meixian, Guangdong): xiong¹

• Northern Min (KCR): Sióng
• Eastern Min (BUC): Siŏng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): Siong / Siang

  (Teochew, Peng'im): siang¹

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹shian
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): sian¹

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: Xiāng
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄤ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: Siang
    • Wade–Giles: Hsiang¹
    • Yale: Syāng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Shiang
    • Palladius: Сян (Sjan)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: soeng¹
    • Yale: sēung
    • Cantonese Pinyin: soeng¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: sêng¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sœːŋ⁵⁵/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: lhiang¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬiaŋ³³/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: xiong¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕiɔŋ⁴²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Siông
    • Hakka Romanization System: xiong^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: xiong¹
    • Sinological IPA: /si̯oŋ²⁴/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: xiong¹
    • Sinological IPA: /siɔŋ⁴⁴/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: Sióng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /siɔŋ⁵⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: Siŏng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /suoŋ⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Siong
    • Tâi-lô: Siong
    • Phofsit Daibuun: siofng
    • IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /siɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /siɔŋ³³/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Siang
    • Tâi-lô: Siang
    • Phofsit Daibuun: siafng
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /siaŋ⁴⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: siang¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: siang
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /siaŋ³³/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ¹shian
    • MiniDict: shian^平
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹xian
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɕiã⁵³/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: sian¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key) (old-style): /si̯æn³³/
    • Sinological IPA ^(key) (new-style): /ɕi̯æn³³/

---

• Middle Chinese: sjang

Rime
Character	湘
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	陽 (105)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	息良切
Baxter	sjang
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/sɨɐŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/siɐŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/siɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/sɨaŋ/
Li Rong	/siaŋ/
Wang Li	/sĭaŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/si̯aŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xiāng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	soeng1

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*slaŋ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	湘
Reading #	1/1
No.	13581
Phonetic component	相
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	襄
Old Chinese	/*slaŋ/

Definitions

湘

1. (～江, ～水) Xiang River, an affluent of Dongting Lake
2. Short for 湖南 (Húnán, “Hunan, a province of China.”).
3. Xiang; Xiang Chinese

   湘語／湘语  ―  xiāngyǔ  ―  Xiang (variety of Chinese)

Compounds

• 湘口 (Xiāngkǒu)
• 湘君
• 湘夫人
• 湘妃
• 湘妃竹 (xiāngfēizhú)
• 湘娥
• 湘戲／湘戏
• 湘東／湘东 (Xiāngdōng)
• 湘江 (Xiāng Jiāng)
• 湘江竹
• 湘潭 (Xiāngtán)
• 湘竹 (xiāngzhú)
• 湘簾／湘帘
• 湘繡／湘绣
• 湘纍／湘累
• 湘蓮／湘莲 (xiānglián)
• 湘裙
• 湘語／湘语 (xiāngyǔ)
• 湘軍／湘军
• 湘鄉／湘乡 (Xiāngxiāng)
• 湘鄉派／湘乡派
• 湘靈／湘灵
• 瀟湘／潇湘 (Xiāoxiāng)
• 瀟湘八景／潇湘八景
• 瀟湘雨／潇湘雨
• 灕湘／漓湘

 

Japanese

Kanji

湘

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

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Readings

• On (unclassified): しょう (shō)、そう (sō)
• Kun: にる (niru)

Korean

Hanja

湘 (eumhun 강 이름 상 (gang ireum sang))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

湘: Hán Nôm readings: tương

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.