virar

See also: Virar

Catalan

Etymology

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *virāre, probably from Latin vibrāre (in which case it is a doublet of vibrar). Other possibilities include an alteration of gȳrō (source of the synonym girar) or a derivation from Gaulish *viru (“to deviate, veer off”), itself derived from viros (“round, crooked”). Compare Italian virare, French virer.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central) [biˈɾa]
• IPA^(key): (Balearic) [viˈɾa]
• IPA^(key): (Valencian) [viˈɾaɾ]

Verb

virar (first-person singular present viro, first-person singular preterite virí, past participle virat)

1. (intransitive) to turn (to change one's direction of travel)

   Synonym: girar

2. (intransitive, nautical) to tack
3. (transitive) to turn (to change the direction or orientation of)
4. (transitive, photography) to tone

Conjugation

    Conjugation of virar (first conjugation)

infinitive			virar
gerund			virant
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		virat		virada
		plural		virats		virades
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	viro	vires	vira	virem	vireu	viren
	imperfect	virava	viraves	virava	viràvem	viràveu	viraven
	future	viraré	viraràs	virarà	virarem	virareu	viraran
	preterite	virí	virares	virà	viràrem	viràreu	viraren
	conditional	viraria	viraries	viraria	viraríem	viraríeu	virarien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	viri	viris	viri	virem	vireu	virin
	imperfect	virés	viressis	virés	viréssim	viréssiu	viressin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
	affirmative	—	vira	viri	virem	vireu	virin
	negative (no)	—	no viris	no viri	no virem	no vireu	no virin

Derived terms

• desvirar
• revirar
• virada
• virador
• virat
• viratge

 

Further reading

• “virar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “virar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
• “virar” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “virar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Galician

Etymology

Attested since the 15th century. Probably from Old French virer, ultimately from Celtic, from Proto-Indo-European *weh₁y- (“to twist”). Compare Breton gwar (“curved”), from Proto-Celtic *wēro- (“crooked”). Alternatively from Vulgar Latin *virō, probably from Latin vibrō.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /biˈɾaɾ/

Verb

virar (first-person singular present viro, first-person singular preterite virei, past participle virado)

1. (transitive, intransitive) to turn, rotate

   Synonym: xirar

   • 1432, Antonio Fernández Salgado, editor, A documentación medieval de San Bieito do Campo, Santiago: USC, page 74:

     prometemos de o teer, conprir e agardar e nõ virarmos contra elo

     we promise to keep [this deal], to fulfill it, and to don't turn against it

2. (transitive) to turn upside down
3. (takes a reflexive pronoun) to become; to alter in manner or appearance

Conjugation

    Conjugation of virar

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti)	Third-person (el / ela / Vde.)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal	virar
Personal	virar	virares	virar	virarmos	virardes	viraren
Gerund
	virando
Past participle
Masculine	virado			virados
Feminine	virada			viradas
Indicative
Present	viro	viras	vira	viramos	virades	viran
Imperfect	viraba	virabas	viraba	virabamos	virabades	viraban
Preterite	virei	viraches	virou	viramos	virastes	viraron
Pluperfect	virara	viraras	virara	viraramos	virarades	viraran
Future	virarei	virarás	virará	viraremos	viraredes	virarán
Conditional	viraría	virarías	viraría	virariamos	virariades	virarían
Subjunctive
Present	vire	vires	vire	viremos	viredes	viren
Imperfect	virase	virases	virase	virásemos	virásedes	virasen
Future	virar	virares	virar	virarmos	virardes	viraren
Imperative
Affirmative		vira	vire	viremos	virade	viren
Negative (non)		non vires	non vire	non viremos	non viredes	non viren

    Reintegrated conjugation of virar (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti / tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	virar
Personal	virar	virares	virar	virarmos	virardes	virarem
Gerund
	virando
Past participle
Masculine	virado			virados
Feminine	virada			viradas
Indicative
Present	viro	viras	vira	viramos	virades, virais	viram
Imperfect	virava	viravas	virava	virávamos	virávades, viráveis, virávais1	viravam
Preterite	virei	viraste, virache1	virou	viramos	virastes	virárom, viraram
Pluperfect	virara	viraras	virara	viráramos	virárades, viráreis, virárais1	viraram
Future	virarei	virarás	virará	viraremos	viraredes, virareis	virarám, virarão
Conditional	viraria	virarias	viraria	viraríamos	viraríades, viraríeis, viraríais1	virariam
Subjunctive
Present	vire	vires	vire	viremos	viredes, vireis	virem
Imperfect	virasse	virasses	virasse	virássemos	virássedes, virásseis	virassem
Future	virar	virares	virar	virarmos	virardes	virarem
Imperative
Affirmative		vira	vire	viremos	virade, virai	virem
Negative (nom)		nom vires	nom vire	nom viremos	nom viredes, nom vireis	nom virem

¹Less recommended.

Derived terms

• revirar (“to twist”)
• vira (“flap”)
• virada (“turn”)
• viradeira
• virador
• viraventos (“pinwheel”)
• viravolta (“twirl”)

 

References

• “virar” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
• “virar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
• “virar” in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega, Royal Galician Academy.
• “virar” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
• “virar” in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (2014).
• “virar” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

Occitan

Etymology

From Late Latin virō.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /biˈɾa/

• Audio (Béarn)

  (file)

Verb

virar

1. to turn

Conjugation

    Lengadocian (Central Occitan)

		simple			compound
infinitive		virar			aver virat
gerund		virant			use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle		virat			—
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	viri	viras	vira	viram	viratz	viran
	imperfect	viravi	viravas	virava	viràvem	viràvetz	viravan
	preterite	virèri	virères	virèt	virèrem	virèretz	virèron
	future	virarai	viraràs	virarà	virarem	viraretz	viraràn
	conditional	virariái	virariás	virariá	virariam	virariatz	virarián
	conditional 2nd form1	virèra	virèras	virèra	vireram	vireratz	virèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	vire	vires	vire	virem	viretz	viren
	imperfect	virèssi	virèsses	virèsse	virèssem	virèssetz	virèsson
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			vira		virem	viratz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

    Auvernhàs

		simple			compound
infinitive		virar			aver virat
gerund		virant			use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle		virat			—
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	vire	vires	vira	viram	viratz	viron
	imperfect	virave	viraves	virava	viraviam	viraviatz	viravon
	preterite	virere	vireres	viret	virem	viretz	vireron
	future	virarai	viraràs	virará	virarem	viraretz	virarán
	conditional	virariá	virariás	virariá	virariam	virariatz	virarián
	conditional 2nd form1	virèra	virèras	virèra	vireram	vireratz	virèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	vire	vires	vire	virassiam	virassiatz	viron
	imperfect	viresse	viresses	viresse	viressiam	viressiatz	viresson
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			vira		virassiam	viratz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

    Gascon

		simple			compound
infinitive		virar			aver virat
gerund		virant			use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle		virat			—
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	viri	viras	vira	viram	viratz	viran
	imperfect	viravi	viravas	virava	viràvam	viràvatz	viravan
	preterite	virèi	virès	virè	virèm	virètz	virèn
	future	virarèi	viraràs	virarà	viraram	viraratz	viraràn
	conditional	virarí	virarés	viraré	virarem	viraretz	virarén
	conditional 2nd form1	virèra	virèras	virèra	vireram	vireratz	virèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	viri	vires	vire	virem	viretz	viren
	imperfect	virèssi	virèsses	virèsse	virèssem	virèssetz	virèssen
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			vira		virem	viratz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

    Lemosin

		simple			compound
infinitive		virar			aver virat
gerund		virant			use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle		virat			—
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	vire	viras	vira	viram	viratz	viran
	imperfect	virava	viravas	virava	viràvam	viràvatz	viravan
	preterite	virei	vireras	viret	virèram	virèratz	vireran
	future	virarai	viraràs	virará	virarem	viraretz	virarán
	conditional	virariá	virariàs	virariá	virariam	virariatz	virarián
	conditional 2nd form1	virèra	virèras	virèra	vireram	vireratz	virèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	vire	vires	vire	virem	viretz	viren
	imperfect	virèsse	virèsses	virèsse	virèssem	virèssetz	virèssen
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			vira		virem	viratz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

    Provençau

		simple			compound
infinitive		virar			aver virat
gerund		virant			use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle		virat			—
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	vire	vires	vira	viram	viratz	viran
	imperfect	viravi	viravas	virava	viràvem	viràvetz	viravan
	preterite	virère	virères	virèt	vireriam	vireriatz	virèron
	future	virarai	viraràs	virarà	virarem	viraretz	viraràn
	conditional	virariáu	virariás	virariá	virariam	virariatz	virarián
	conditional 2nd form1	virèra	virèras	virèra	vireram	vireratz	virèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	vire	vires	vire	virem	viretz	viran
	imperfect	virèsse	virèsses	virèsse	viressiam	viressiatz	virèsson
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			vira		virem	viratz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

Derived terms

• virada
• virar vinagre

 

Portuguese

Etymology

From Vulgar Latin *virāre, from Latin gȳrāre or vibrāre.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /viˈɾa(ʁ)/ [viˈɾa(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /viˈɾa(ʁ)/ [viˈɾa(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /viˈɾa(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /viˈɾa(ʁ)/ [viˈɾa(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /viˈɾa(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /viˈɾaɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /viˈɾaɾ/
  • (Northern Portugal) IPA^(key): /biˈɾaɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /viˈɾa.ɾi/

• Homophone: virá (Brazil)
• Hyphenation: vi‧rar

Verb

virar (first-person singular present viro, first-person singular preterite virei, past participle virado)

1. (ergative) to turn (to change direction)

   Synonyms: tornar, volver, dobrar, torcer, curvar, converter

   No semáforo, vire à esquerda. ― At the traffic lights, turn left.

2. (ergative) to turn around (to reverse direction)

   Synonyms: voltar, volver, girar, torcer, tornar

   Cheguei a segui-la por um tempo, mas, quando ela virou para mim, eu já não sabia o que dizer. ― I even followed her for a while, but, when she turned to me, I no longer knew what to say.

3. (nautical, ergative) to capsize

   Synonyms: emborcar, entornar

4. (ergative, of an opinion) to topple, to overturn

   Synonyms: mudar, alterar

5. (transitive, of a drink) to drink up (to empty a recipient of the liquid therein by drinking it through)

   Synonym: matar

   E aí, vira uma dessa comigo? ― Whatcha say, drink up one of these with me?

6. (ergative, of a stomach) to upset

   Synonyms: revirar, embrulhar

7. (Brazil, colloquial, copulative) to become, to turn into, to transform, to convert

   Synonyms: tornar, transformar, converter

   Ela ter aparecido na TV fez com que ela virasse uma espécie de subcelebridade entre os amigos. ― Her appearing on TV made her becoming a sort of subcelebrity among her friends.

   O cara era o maior vida louca, sério, e ainda assim virou evangélico, do nada! ― The dude was a plain gangsta, really, and even so turned into a born-again Christian, all of a sudden!

8. (Brazil, colloquial, reflexive) to make do, to deal with

   Synonyms: resolver, solucionar, lidar, fazer acontecer, encarar, enfrentar, desenrolar, matar no peito

   Ainda não sei muito bem como é que eu vou fazer, mas pode deixar que eu me viro assim mesmo. ― I still don't know how exactly I'm gonna make it, but don't worry, I'll handle it anyway.

9. (Brazil, colloquial, reflexive) to get by, to make ends meet, to push forward

   Synonyms: lidar, aguentar, viver, sobreviver, subsistir

   Que é difícil, é, né? Mas Deus ajuda, e a gente vai se virando como pode. ― Yeah, it's difficult, that's right. But God helps, and we keep pushing forward as we can.

10. (Brazil, colloquial, ergative) to pull an all-nighter, to stay awake all night

    Synonyms: virar a noite, passar a noite em claro, tresnoitar, transnoitar

    E aí, bora virar hoje jogando um Warzinho? ― So, how about we spend this night playing some Risk?

    A nenê chorou a noite inteira, e eu fui trabalhar virada. ― The baby cried all night long, and I went to work without having slept.

11. (Brazil, colloquial, copulative, with preposition "em", chiefly of spiritual entities) to embody, to incarnate

    Synonyms: baixar, receber, incorporar, encarnar, transmutar

    Na Umbanda, até um branco pode virar num Preto-Velho. ― In Umbanda, even a White may receive an Old Black.

    Ontem eu acordei virado no Jiraya ― Yesterday I woke up super stressed (that is, inspired by the Japanese series Sekai Ninja Sen Jiraiya).

12. (Brazil, colloquial, copulative, with preposition "em", chiefly of mental states) to strike, to stick, to infatuate

    Synonyms: encantar, arrebatar, enlevar, absorver, entregar

    Aquela mulher virou a cabeça dele. ― That woman blew his mind.

    Ele ficou virado no amor. ― He got stuck in love.

Conjugation

    Conjugation of virar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	virar
Personal	virar	virares	virar	virarmos	virardes	virarem
Gerund
	virando
Past participle
Masculine	virado			virados
Feminine	virada			viradas
Indicative
Present	viro	viras	vira	viramos	virais	viram
Imperfect	virava	viravas	virava	virávamos	viráveis	viravam
Preterite	virei	viraste	virou	viramos1, virámos2	virastes	viraram
Pluperfect	virara	viraras	virara	viráramos	viráreis	viraram
Future	virarei	virarás	virará	viraremos	virareis	virarão
Conditional	viraria	virarias	viraria	viraríamos	viraríeis	virariam
Subjunctive
Present	vire	vires	vire	viremos	vireis	virem
Imperfect	virasse	virasses	virasse	virássemos	virásseis	virassem
Future	virar	virares	virar	virarmos	virardes	virarem
Imperative
Affirmative		vira	vire	viremos	virai	virem
Negative (não)		não vires	não vire	não viremos	não vireis	não virem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Descendants

• Macanese: virâ

Spanish

Etymology

Perhaps from a Vulgar Latin root *virāre, of uncertain origin: possibly of Celtic; (compare Welsh gwyro) or possibly a variation of Latin vibrāre or gȳrāre. See also French virer, Italian virare.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /biˈɾaɾ/ [biˈɾaɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: vi‧rar

Verb

virar (first-person singular present viro, first-person singular preterite viré, past participle virado)

1. to veer
2. (nautical) to tack

Conjugation

    Conjugation of virar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			virar
gerund			virando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		virado		virada
		plural		virados		viradas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	viro	virastú virásvos	vira	viramos	viráis	viran
	imperfect	viraba	virabas	viraba	virábamos	virabais	viraban
	preterite	viré	viraste	viró	viramos	virasteis	viraron
	future	viraré	virarás	virará	viraremos	viraréis	virarán
	conditional	viraría	virarías	viraría	viraríamos	viraríais	virarían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	vire	virestú virésvos2	vire	viremos	viréis	viren
	imperfect (ra)	virara	viraras	virara	viráramos	virarais	viraran
	imperfect (se)	virase	virases	virase	virásemos	viraseis	virasen
	future1	virare	virares	virare	viráremos	virareis	viraren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		viratú virávos	vire	viremos	virad	viren
	negative		no vires	no vire	no viremos	no viréis	no viren

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of virar

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive virar
	dative	virarme	virarte	virarle, virarse	virarnos	viraros	virarles, virarse
	accusative	virarme	virarte	virarlo, virarla, virarse	virarnos	viraros	virarlos, virarlas, virarse
with gerund virando
	dative	virándome	virándote	virándole, virándose	virándonos	virándoos	virándoles, virándose
	accusative	virándome	virándote	virándolo, virándola, virándose	virándonos	virándoos	virándolos, virándolas, virándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative vira
	dative	vírame	vírate	vírale	víranos	not used	vírales
	accusative	vírame	vírate	víralo, vírala	víranos	not used	víralos, víralas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative virá
	dative	virame	virate	virale	viranos	not used	virales
	accusative	virame	virate	viralo, virala	viranos	not used	viralos, viralas
with formal second-person singular imperative vire
	dative	víreme	not used	vírele, vírese	vírenos	not used	víreles
	accusative	víreme	not used	vírelo, vírela, vírese	vírenos	not used	vírelos, vírelas
with first-person plural imperative viremos
	dative	not used	virémoste	virémosle	virémonos	virémoos	virémosles
	accusative	not used	virémoste	virémoslo, virémosla	virémonos	virémoos	virémoslos, virémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative virad
	dative	viradme	not used	viradle	viradnos	viraos	viradles
	accusative	viradme	not used	viradlo, viradla	viradnos	viraos	viradlos, viradlas
with formal second-person plural imperative viren
	dative	vírenme	not used	vírenle	vírennos	not used	vírenles, vírense
	accusative	vírenme	not used	vírenlo, vírenla	vírennos	not used	vírenlos, vírenlas, vírense

Derived terms

• viraje

 

Further reading

• “virar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014

Swedish

Verb

virar

1. present indicative of vira