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سال

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: ساڵ, سأل, and شال

Arabic

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Etymology 1

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Root
س ي ل (s y l)
6 terms

Verb

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سَالَ (sāla) I (non-past يَسِيلُ (yasīlu), verbal noun سَيْل (sayl) or سَيَلَان (sayalān))

  1. to flow, to run
  2. to stretch over a horse's forehead and nose (of a white spot)
Conjugation
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Conjugation of سَالَ (I, hollow, a ~ i, impersonal passive (?), verbal nouns سَيْل, سَيَلَان)
verbal noun
الْمَصْدَر
سَيْل, سَيَلَان
sayl, sayalān
active participle
اِسْم الْفَاعِل
سَائِل
sāʔil
passive participle
اِسْم الْمَفْعُول
مَسِيل
masīl
active voice
الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
singular
الْمُفْرَد
dual
الْمُثَنَّى
plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي
m سِلْتُ
siltu
سِلْتَ
silta
سَالَ
sāla
سِلْتُمَا
siltumā
سَالَا
sālā
سِلْنَا
silnā
سِلْتُمْ
siltum
سَالُوا
sālū
f سِلْتِ
silti
سَالَتْ
sālat
سَالَتَا
sālatā
سِلْتُنَّ
siltunna
سِلْنَ
silna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع
m أَسِيلُ
ʔasīlu
تَسِيلُ
tasīlu
يَسِيلُ
yasīlu
تَسِيلَانِ
tasīlāni
يَسِيلَانِ
yasīlāni
نَسِيلُ
nasīlu
تَسِيلُونَ
tasīlūna
يَسِيلُونَ
yasīlūna
f تَسِيلِينَ
tasīlīna
تَسِيلُ
tasīlu
تَسِيلَانِ
tasīlāni
تَسِلْنَ
tasilna
يَسِلْنَ
yasilna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب
m أَسِيلَ
ʔasīla
تَسِيلَ
tasīla
يَسِيلَ
yasīla
تَسِيلَا
tasīlā
يَسِيلَا
yasīlā
نَسِيلَ
nasīla
تَسِيلُوا
tasīlū
يَسِيلُوا
yasīlū
f تَسِيلِي
tasīlī
تَسِيلَ
tasīla
تَسِيلَا
tasīlā
تَسِلْنَ
tasilna
يَسِلْنَ
yasilna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم
m أَسِلْ
ʔasil
تَسِلْ
tasil
يَسِلْ
yasil
تَسِيلَا
tasīlā
يَسِيلَا
yasīlā
نَسِلْ
nasil
تَسِيلُوا
tasīlū
يَسِيلُوا
yasīlū
f تَسِيلِي
tasīlī
تَسِلْ
tasil
تَسِيلَا
tasīlā
تَسِلْنَ
tasilna
يَسِلْنَ
yasilna
imperative
الْأَمْر
m سِلْ
sil
سِيلَا
sīlā
سِيلُوا
sīlū
f سِيلِي
sīlī
سِلْنَ
silna
passive voice
الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
singular
الْمُفْرَد
dual
الْمُثَنَّى
plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي
m سِيلَ
sīla
f
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع
m يُسَالُ
yusālu
f
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب
m يُسَالَ
yusāla
f
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم
m يُسَلْ
yusal
f

Etymology 2

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From the root س و ل (s w l), alternative form of س ء ل (s ʔ l).

Verb

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سَالَ (sāla) I (non-past يَسَالُ (yasālu), verbal noun ?)

  1. (dialectal) Alternative form of سَأَلَ (saʔala)
Conjugation
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Conjugation of سَالَ (I, hollow, i ~ a, full passive, verbal noun ?)
verbal noun
الْمَصْدَر
?
?
active participle
اِسْم الْفَاعِل
?
?
passive participle
اِسْم الْمَفْعُول
مَسُول
masūl
active voice
الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
singular
الْمُفْرَد
dual
الْمُثَنَّى
plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي
m سِلْتُ
siltu
سِلْتَ
silta
سَالَ
sāla
سِلْتُمَا
siltumā
سَالَا
sālā
سِلْنَا
silnā
سِلْتُمْ
siltum
سَالُوا
sālū
f سِلْتِ
silti
سَالَتْ
sālat
سَالَتَا
sālatā
سِلْتُنَّ
siltunna
سِلْنَ
silna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع
m أَسَالُ
ʔasālu
تَسَالُ
tasālu
يَسَالُ
yasālu
تَسَالَانِ
tasālāni
يَسَالَانِ
yasālāni
نَسَالُ
nasālu
تَسَالُونَ
tasālūna
يَسَالُونَ
yasālūna
f تَسَالِينَ
tasālīna
تَسَالُ
tasālu
تَسَالَانِ
tasālāni
تَسَلْنَ
tasalna
يَسَلْنَ
yasalna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب
m أَسَالَ
ʔasāla
تَسَالَ
tasāla
يَسَالَ
yasāla
تَسَالَا
tasālā
يَسَالَا
yasālā
نَسَالَ
nasāla
تَسَالُوا
tasālū
يَسَالُوا
yasālū
f تَسَالِي
tasālī
تَسَالَ
tasāla
تَسَالَا
tasālā
تَسَلْنَ
tasalna
يَسَلْنَ
yasalna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم
m أَسَلْ
ʔasal
تَسَلْ
tasal
يَسَلْ
yasal
تَسَالَا
tasālā
يَسَالَا
yasālā
نَسَلْ
nasal
تَسَالُوا
tasālū
يَسَالُوا
yasālū
f تَسَالِي
tasālī
تَسَلْ
tasal
تَسَالَا
tasālā
تَسَلْنَ
tasalna
يَسَلْنَ
yasalna
imperative
الْأَمْر
m سَلْ
sal
سَالَا
sālā
سَالُوا
sālū
f سَالِي
sālī
سَلْنَ
salna
passive voice
الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
singular
الْمُفْرَد
dual
الْمُثَنَّى
plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي
m سِلْتُ
siltu
سِلْتَ
silta
سِيلَ
sīla
سِلْتُمَا
siltumā
سِيلَا
sīlā
سِلْنَا
silnā
سِلْتُمْ
siltum
سِيلُوا
sīlū
f سِلْتِ
silti
سِيلَتْ
sīlat
سِيلَتَا
sīlatā
سِلْتُنَّ
siltunna
سِلْنَ
silna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع
m أُسَالُ
ʔusālu
تُسَالُ
tusālu
يُسَالُ
yusālu
تُسَالَانِ
tusālāni
يُسَالَانِ
yusālāni
نُسَالُ
nusālu
تُسَالُونَ
tusālūna
يُسَالُونَ
yusālūna
f تُسَالِينَ
tusālīna
تُسَالُ
tusālu
تُسَالَانِ
tusālāni
تُسَلْنَ
tusalna
يُسَلْنَ
yusalna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب
m أُسَالَ
ʔusāla
تُسَالَ
tusāla
يُسَالَ
yusāla
تُسَالَا
tusālā
يُسَالَا
yusālā
نُسَالَ
nusāla
تُسَالُوا
tusālū
يُسَالُوا
yusālū
f تُسَالِي
tusālī
تُسَالَ
tusāla
تُسَالَا
tusālā
تُسَلْنَ
tusalna
يُسَلْنَ
yusalna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم
m أُسَلْ
ʔusal
تُسَلْ
tusal
يُسَلْ
yusal
تُسَالَا
tusālā
يُسَالَا
yusālā
نُسَلْ
nusal
تُسَالُوا
tusālū
يُسَالُوا
yusālū
f تُسَالِي
tusālī
تُسَلْ
tusal
تُسَالَا
tusālā
تُسَلْنَ
tusalna
يُسَلْنَ
yusalna

References

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Baluchi

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Etymology

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From Proto-Iranian *carHdáh, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćarHáts.

Noun

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سال (sál)

  1. year

Kashmiri

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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سال (sālf (Devanagari साल)

  1. sister-in-law (wife’s sister)

Noun

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سال (sālm (Devanagari साल)

  1. invitation to a function (a dinner, lunch, etc.)

Moroccan Arabic

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /saːl/
  • Audio:(file)

Etymology 1

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From Arabic سَالَ (sāla).

Verb

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سال (sāl) I (non-past يسيل (ysīl))

  1. to flow, to run
Conjugation
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Conjugation of سال
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m سلت (salt) سلتي (salti) سال (sāl) سلنا (salna) سلتوا (saltu) سالوا (sālu)
f سالت (sālet)
non-past m نسيل (nsīl) تسيل (tsīl) يسيل (ysīl) نسيلوا (nsīlu) تسيلوا (tsīlu) يسيلوا (ysīlu)
f تسيلي (tsīli) تسيل (tsīl)
imperative m سيل (sīl) سيلوا (sīlu)
f سيلي (sīli)

Etymology 2

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From Arabic سَأَلَ (saʔala).

Verb

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سال (sāl) I (non-past يسال (ysāl))

  1. to be owed money
  2. (dated) to ask
    Synonyms: سقصى (saqṣa), سول (sawwal)
Conjugation
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Conjugation of سال
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m سلت (salt) سلتي (salti) سال (sāl) سلنا (salna) سلتوا (saltu) سالوا (sālu)
f سالت (sālet)
non-past m نسال (nsāl) تسال (tsāl) يسال (ysāl) نسالوا (nsālu) تسالوا (tsālu) يسالوا (ysālu)
f تسالي (tsāli) تسال (tsāl)
imperative m سال (sāl) سالوا (sālu)
f سالي (sāli)

Persian

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Etymology

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    From Middle Persian 𐭱𐭭𐭲 (sāl), from Old Persian 𐎰𐎼𐎭 (θ-r-d /⁠θard⁠/), from Proto-Iranian *carHdáh, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćarHáts.

    Pronunciation

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    Readings
    Classical reading? sāl
    Dari reading? sāl
    Iranian reading? sâl
    Tajik reading? sol

    Noun

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    Dari سال
    Iranian Persian
    Tajik сол

    سال (sâl) (plural سال‌ها (sâl-hâ), or سالیان (sâliyân))

    1. year
      چند سالته؟čand sâl-et-e?How old are you?

    Derived terms

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    Descendants

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    • Azerbaijani: sal
    • Bengali: সাল (śal)
    • Gujarati: સાલ (sāl)
    • Hindustani:
      Hindi: साल (sāl)
      Urdu: سال (sāl)
    • Punjabi:
    • Sindhi: سال

    References

    [edit]
    • MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “sāl”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press
    • Nourai, Ali (2011) An Etymological Dictionary of Persian, English and other Indo-European Languages, page 220

    Punjabi

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    Etymology

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    Borrowed from Classical Persian سال (sāl).

    Noun

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    سال (sālm (Gurmukhi spelling ਸਾਲ)

    1. year

    Further reading

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    • Iqbal, Salah ud-Din (2002) “سال”, in vaḍḍī panjābī lughat‎ (in Punjabi), Lahore: ʻAzīz Pablisharz

    Saraiki

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    Etymology

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    Borrowed from Classical Persian سال (sāl).

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    سال (sālm

    1. year

    Sindhi

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    Etymology

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    Borrowed from Classical Persian سال (sāl).

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    سال (sālum (Devanagari सालु)

    1. year

    Urdu

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    Pronunciation

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    Etymology 1

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    Borrowed from Classical Persian سال (sāl).

    Noun

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    سال (sālm (Hindi spelling साल)

    1. year

    Etymology 2

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    From Sanskrit शाल (śāla).

    Noun

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    سال (sālm (Hindi spelling साल)

    1. saul tree and its wood (Shorea robusta)

    Etymology 3

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    From Sanskrit शल्य (śalya).

    Noun

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    سال (sālm (Hindi spelling साल)

    1. thorn

    Etymology 4

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    From Sanskrit शाला (śālā).

    Noun

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    سال (sālf (Hindi spelling साल)

    1. house
    2. hall
    3. place

    Etymology 5

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    From Sanskrit शृगाल (śṛgāla).

    Noun

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    سال (sālm (Hindi spelling साल)

    1. jackal

    Uyghur

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    Etymology

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    From Proto-Turkic *sāl.[1][2] Cognates with Turkish sal.

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    سال (sal) (plural ساللار (sallar))

    1. a raft

    References

    [edit]
    1. ^ Clauson, Gerard (1972) “sa:l”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 824
    2. ^ Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*sāl”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill

    Further reading

    [edit]
    • Schwarz, Henry G. (1992) An Uyghur-English Dictionary (East Asian Research Aids & Translations; 3), Bellingham, Washington: Center for East Asian Studies, Western Washington University, →ISBN