允

Translingual

Han character

允 (Kangxi radical 10, 儿+2, 4 strokes, cangjie input 戈竹山 (IHU), four-corner 2321₀, composition ⿱厶儿)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 123, character 3
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1338
• Dae Jaweon: page 258, character 1
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 265, character 3
• Unihan data for U+5141

---

Chinese

simp. and trad.		允

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 允
Western Zhou	Spring and Autumn	Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Bronze inscriptions	Bronze inscriptions	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script
Oracle bone script j20520 j20521 j20522 j20523 j20524 j20525 j20526 j20527 j20528 j20529 j20530 j20531 j20532 j20533 j20534 j20535 j20536 j20537 j20538 j20539 j20540 j20541 j20542 j20543 j20544 j20545 j20546 j20547 j20548 j20549 j20550 j20551 j20552 j20553 j20554 j20555 j20556 j20557 j20558 j20559 j20560 j20561 j20562 j20563 j20564 j20565 j20566 j20567 j20568 j20569 j20570 j20571 j20572 j20573 j20574 j20575 j20576 j20577 j20578 j20579 j20580 j20581 j20582 j20583 j20584 j20585 j20586 j20587 j20596 j20597 j20598 j20599 j20600 j20601 j20602 j20603 j20604 j20605 j20606 j20607 j20608 j20609 j20610 j20611 j20612 j20613 j20614 j20615 j20616 j20617 j20622 Bronze inscriptions b13468 b13469 b13470 b13471 Small seal script s06202 Transcribed ancient scripts L15716 L15717 L15718 L15719
References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (允) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
唆	*sloːl
梭	*sloːl
葰	*sloːlʔ, *sroːlʔ, *slul
誜	*sroːls
朘	*ʔslon
捘	*ʔsluːls, *ʔsluːns, *sʰlun
荾	*slul
酸	*sloːn
狻	*sloːn
痠	*sloːn
鋑	*ʔslon
脧	*ʔsluːl
悛	*sʰlon
吮	*zlonʔ, *ɦljunʔ
萒	*ɡronʔ, *lonʔ
沇	*lonʔ
抁	*lonʔ
馻	*lonʔ, *lunʔ
兖	*lonʔ
渷	*lonʔ
兗	*lonʔ
焌	*ʔsluːns, *ʔsluns, *sʰlud
允	*lunʔ
狁	*lunʔ
玧	*lunʔ
俊	*ʔsluns
晙	*ʔsluns, *sluns
餕	*ʔsluns
畯	*ʔsluns
駿	*ʔsluns
竣	*sʰlun
皴	*sʰlun
逡	*sʰlun
踆	*sʰlun
夋	*sʰlun
埈	*sluns
陖	*sluns
鵕	*sluns
浚	*sluns
峻	*sluns

Oracle bone script: Pictogram (象形) .

Small seal script (corrupted form): Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *lunʔ) : phonetic 㠯 (OC *lɯʔ) + semantic 儿.

Etymology

Schuessler (2007) minimally reconstructs *winʔ or *junʔ:

• If *junʔ, then possibly related to Burmese ယုံ (yum, “to believe”); if so, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *yum (“to believe”); other cognates would then be Asho Chin yón-é, Mara Chin zó, Lahu ʑo³¹.
• If *winʔ, then *信 (OC *hljins) (minimally reconstructed *sin(s)) is its possible derivative.

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 允

1. fair; just; equitable; even-handed; impartial
2. proper; suitable; appropriate
3. to allow; to consent; to permit
4. a surname
5. (Classical) honest; genuine

Synonyms

• (fair):

(deprecated template usage)

• 不阿 (bù'ē) (formal)
• 中和 (zhōnghé) (literary)
• 中正 (zhōngzhèng) (literary)
• 公允 (gōngyǔn)
• 公平 (gōngpíng)
• 公正 (gōngzhèng)
• 公直 (gōngzhí) (literary)
• 公道 (gōngdao)
• 大正 (literary)
• 平允 (píngyǔn)
• 平正 (píngzhèng)
• 持平 (chípíng)
• 掠平 (Hokkien)

 

• (proper):

(deprecated template usage)

• 一定 (yīdìng)
• 停當／停当 (tíngdàng)
• 允當／允当 (yǔndàng) (literary)
• 剛好／刚好 (gānghǎo)
• 合宜 (héyí)
• 合手 (héshǒu)
• 合用 (héyòng) (literary or Min Nan)
• 合適／合适 (héshì)
• 啱 (ngaam¹) (Cantonese, Hakka)
• 妥 (tuǒ)
• 妥善 (tuǒshàn)
• 妥帖 (tuǒtiē)
• 妥當／妥当
• 安帖 (āntiē)
• 定當／定当 (dìngdàng)
• 對勁／对劲 (duìjìn) (colloquial)
• 對路／对路 (duìlù) (colloquial)
• 對頭／对头
• 得宜 (déyí) (literary)
• 得當／得当 (dédàng)
• 得體／得体 (détǐ)
• 恰當／恰当 (qiàdàng)
• 拄仔好 (Hokkien)
• 拄好 (Hokkien)
• 的當／的当 (dídàng)
• 相宜 (xiāngyí)
• 相當／相当 (xiāngdāng)
• 耐 (literary)
• 貼切／贴切 (tiēqiè)
• 適合／适合 (shìhé)
• 適宜／适宜 (shìyí)
• 適用／适用 (shìyòng)
• 適當／适当 (shìdàng)
• 適量／适量 (shìliàng)
• 配合

 

• (to allow):

(deprecated template usage)

• 允准 (yǔnzhǔn)
• 允許／允许
• 准許 (zhǔnxǔ)
• 容允 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien, Taiwanese Hokkien)
• 容許／容许 (róngxǔ)
• 應允／应允 (yīngyǔn) (literary)
• 許允／许允 (xǔyǔn) (literary)
• 許可／许可 (xǔkě)
• 開可／开可 (kāikě) (Classical Chinese)

 

• (honest): 誠實／诚实 (chéngshí), 老實／老实 (lǎoshí), 實在／实在 (shízài)

References

• “允”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

---

Japanese

Kanji

允

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• On (unclassified): いん (in)
• Kun: まこと (makoto, 允); ゆるす (yurusu, 允す); じょう (jō, 允)
• Nanori: なり (nari); や (ya)

Proper noun

允(まこと) • (Makoto) 

1. a male given name

---

Korean

Hanja

允 (eum 윤 (yun))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

---

Vietnamese

Han character

允: Hán Nôm readings: doãn, duẫn

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.