吞

See also: 呑

Translingual

Han character

吞 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 一大口 (MKR), four-corner 2060₃, composition ⿱天口)

1. swallow
2. absorb, annex, engulf

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 177, character 18
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3329
• Dae Jaweon: page 395, character 2
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 585, character 4
• Unihan data for U+541E

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		吞
alternative forms		呑

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (天) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
添	*tʰiːm
忝	*l̥ʰiːmʔ, *l̥ʰiːms
悿	*tʰiːmʔ
舔	*l̥ʰiːmʔ
菾	*diːm
天	*qʰl'iːn
吞	*qʰl'iːn, *qʰl'ɯːn
祆	*qʰliːn
蚕	*zluːm, *hl'iːnʔ

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): tūn (tun¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄊㄨㄣ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): tan¹
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): thûn
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): thun

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: tūn
    • Zhuyin: ㄊㄨㄣ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: tun
    • Wade–Giles: tʻun¹
    • Yale: twūn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tuen
    • Palladius: тунь (tunʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰu̯ən⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: tan¹
    • Yale: tān
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tan¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: ten¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰɐn⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thûn
    • Hakka Romanization System: tun´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: tun¹
    • Sinological IPA: /tʰun²⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thun
    • Tâi-lô: thun
    • Phofsit Daibuun: twn
    • IPA (Xiamen): /tʰun⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰun³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰun⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /tʰun⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰun⁴⁴/

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• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 吞
Mandarin	Beijing	/tʰuən⁵⁵/
	Harbin	/tʰuən⁴⁴/
	Tianjin	/tʰuən²¹/
	Jinan	/tʰuẽ²¹³/
	Qingdao	/tʰuə̃²¹³/
	Zhengzhou	/tʰən²⁴/
	Xi'an	/tʰəŋ²¹/
	Xining	/tʰə̃⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/tʰuŋ⁴⁴/
	Lanzhou	/tʰũn³¹/
	Ürümqi	/tʰɤŋ⁴⁴/
	Wuhan	/tʰən⁵⁵/
	Chengdu	/tʰən⁵⁵/
	Guiyang	/tʰen⁵⁵/
	Kunming	/tʰuə̃⁴⁴/
	Nanjing	/tʰən³¹/ ～下去 /tʰun³¹/ 溫～水
	Hefei	/tʰən²¹/
Jin	Taiyuan	/tʰuəŋ¹¹/
	Pingyao	/tʰəŋ¹³/
	Hohhot	/tʰə̃ŋ³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/tʰəŋ⁵³/
	Suzhou	/tʰən⁵⁵/
	Hangzhou	/tʰen³³/
	Wenzhou	/tʰø³³/ /tʰaŋ³³/ 慢～～
Hui	Shexian	/tʰʌ̃³¹/
	Tunxi	/tʰin¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/tʰən³³/
	Xiangtan	/tʰən³³/
Gan	Nanchang	/tʰɛn⁴²/
Hakka	Meixian	/tʰun⁴⁴/
	Taoyuan	/tʰun²⁴/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/tʰɐn⁵³/
	Nanning	/tʰɐn⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/tʰɐn⁵⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/tʰun⁵⁵/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/tʰouŋ⁴⁴/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/tʰɔŋ⁵⁴/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/tʰuŋ³³/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/hun²³/

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• Middle Chinese: thon

Rime
Character	吞
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	透 (6)
Final (韻)	痕 (53)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	吐根切
Baxter	thon
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/tʰən/
Pan Wuyun	/tʰən/
Shao Rongfen	/tʰən/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/tʰən/
Li Rong	/tʰən/
Wang Li	/tʰən/
Bernard Karlgren	/tʰən/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	tūn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	tan1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*l̥ˤən/

  (Zhengzhang): /*qʰl'ɯːn/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	吞
Reading #	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	tūn
Middle Chinese	‹ thon ›
Old Chinese	/*l̥ˁən/
English	to swallow
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	吞
Reading #	2/2
No.	12391
Phonetic component	天
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	吞
Old Chinese	/*qʰl'ɯːn/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 吞

1. to swallow

Etymology 2

simp. and trad.		吞
alternative forms		吴

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): Tiān (Tian¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄊㄧㄢ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: Tiān
    • Zhuyin: ㄊㄧㄢ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: Tian
    • Wade–Giles: Tʻien¹
    • Yale: Tyān
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Tian
    • Palladius: Тянь (Tjanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: then

Rime
Character	吞
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	透 (6)
Final (韻)	先 (85)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	他前切
Baxter	then
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/tʰen/
Pan Wuyun	/tʰen/
Shao Rongfen	/tʰɛn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/tʰɛn/
Li Rong	/tʰen/
Wang Li	/tʰien/
Bernard Karlgren	/tʰien/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	tiān
Expected Cantonese Reflex	tin1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*l̥ˤən/

  (Zhengzhang): /*qʰl'iːn/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	吞
Reading #	1/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	tiān
Middle Chinese	‹ then ›
Old Chinese	/*l̥ˁən/
English	(surname)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	吞
Reading #	1/2
No.	12388
Phonetic component	天
Rime group	眞
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	天
Old Chinese	/*qʰl'iːn/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 吞

1. a surname

(deprecated template usage)

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Japanese

Kanji

吞

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• On (unclassified): どん (don); とん (ton); てん (ten)
• Kun: のむ (nomu, 吞む)

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Korean

Hanja

吞 • (tan) (hangeul 탄, revised tan, McCune–Reischauer t'an)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

吞: Hán Nôm readings: thôn, xôn

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.