舔

舔 U+8214, 舔 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8214 ← 舓 [U+8213] CJK Unified Ideographs 舕 → [U+8215]

Translingual

Han character

舔 (Kangxi radical 135, 舌+8, 14 strokes, cangjie input 竹口竹大心 (HRHKP) or 竹口一大心 (HRMKP), four-corner 2263₃, composition ⿰舌忝)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1007, character 18
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30312
• Dae Jaweon: page 1464, character 21
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 2944, character 4
• Unihan data for U+8214

Chinese

trad.		舔
simp. #		舔
alternative forms		㖭 餂／𱃺 舐 Cantonese vernacular

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (天) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
添	*tʰiːm
忝	*l̥ʰiːmʔ, *l̥ʰiːms
悿	*tʰiːmʔ
舔	*l̥ʰiːmʔ
菾	*diːm
天	*qʰl'iːn
吞	*qʰl'iːn, *qʰl'ɯːn
祆	*qʰliːn
蚕	*zluːm, *hl'iːnʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l̥ʰiːmʔ) : semantic 舌 (“tongue”) + phonetic 忝 (OC *l̥ʰiːmʔ, *l̥ʰiːms).

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-ljam (“tongue; flame”). The Cantonese vernacular reading (Guangzhou lim² or lem²; Taishan liam²) preserves the Old Chinese lateral initial *l̥-.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): tiǎn (tian³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄊㄧㄢˇ

  (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): тян (ti͡an, II)

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): tim², lim², lem²

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): liam²

• Eastern Min (BUC): tiēng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): thiám

  (Teochew, Peng'im): tiam²

• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ⁵thi

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: tiǎn
    • Zhuyin: ㄊㄧㄢˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: tiǎn
    • Wade–Giles: tʻien³
    • Yale: tyǎn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tean
    • Palladius: тянь (tjanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰi̯ɛn²¹⁴/
  • (Dungan)
    • Cyrillic and Wiktionary: тян (ti͡an, II)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰiæ̃⁵¹/

    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: tim², lim², lem²
    • Yale: tím, lím, colloquial sounds not defined
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tim², lim², lem²
    • Guangdong Romanization: tim², lim², lém²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰiːm³⁵/, /liːm³⁵/, /lɛːm³⁵/

Note:

• tim2 - literary;
• lim2, lem2 - vernacular.

• (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  • Wiktionary: liam²
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /liam⁵⁵/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: tiēng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰieŋ³³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thiám
    • Tâi-lô: thiám
    • Phofsit Daibuun: tiarm
    • IPA (Xiamen): /tʰiam⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰiam⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰiam⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /tʰiam⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰiam⁴¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: tiam²
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: thiám
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰiam⁵²/
• Wu
  • (Shanghai):
    • Wugniu: ⁵thi
    • MiniDict: thi^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²thi
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /tʰi³⁴/

---

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*l̥ˤ[i]mʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*l̥ʰiːmʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	舔
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	tiǎn
Middle Chinese	‹ themX ›
Old Chinese	/*l̥ˁ[i]mʔ/
English	to lick, to lap [not in GSR]
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	舔
Reading #	1/1
No.	12384
Phonetic component	天
Rime group	侵
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*l̥ʰiːmʔ/
Notes	餂晚起字

Definitions

舔

1. (transitive) to lick
2. (figurative, slang, transitive) to suck up to; to brownnose

   舔共  ―  tiǎn Gòng  ―  to suck up to the Communist Party of China

   舔日  ―  tiǎn Rì  ―  to suck up to Japan

   舔美  ―  tiǎn Měi  ―  to suck up to the United States

Usage notes

• (to suck up to): Often takes objects that are abbreviated forms, as shown in the examples.

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 舔 (“to lick”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		舐
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		舔
Mandarin	Beijing	舔
	Taiwan	舔
	Jinan	舔
	Wanrong	舔
	Xi'an	舔
	Xining	舔
	Wuhan	舔
	Chengdu	舔
	Guilin	舔
	Yangzhou	舔
	Hefei	舔
	Singapore	舔
Cantonese	Guangzhou	𦧺, 舔, 舐
	Hong Kong	𦧺, 舔
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	舔, 𦧺
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	舔
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	𦧺
	Taishan	舐, 舔
	Dongguan	舐
	Yangjiang	舐, 舔
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	𦧺
	Singapore (Guangfu)	𦧺
Gan	Nanchang	舔
Hakka	Meixian	舐
	Xingning	舐
	Huidong (Daling)	舐
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	舐
	Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)	舐
	Changting	舐
	Wuping	舐
	Wuping (Pingyu)	舐
	Liancheng	舐
	Ninghua	舐
	Ruijin	舐
	Shicheng	舐
	Shangyou (Shexi)	舐
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	舐
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	舐
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	舐
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	舐
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	舐
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	㐁
	Hong Kong	舐
	Senai (Huiyang)	舐
Jin	Taiyuan	舔
	Xinzhou	舔涮
Northern Min	Jian'ou	狧
	Songxi	狧
	Zhenghe	狧
	Jianyang	狧
	Wuyishan	狧
	Pucheng (Shibei)	狧
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	𩞨
	Changle	𩞨
	Fuqing	𩞨
	Yongtai	𩞨
	Gutian	𩞨
	Fu'an	𩞨
	Ningde	𩞨
	Shouning	𩞨
	Zhouning	𩞨
	Fuding	𩞨
Southern Min	Xiamen	舐
	Quanzhou	舐
	Yongchun	舐
	Zhangzhou	舐, 哴
	Penang (Hokkien)	jilat
	Manila (Hokkien)	舐
	Longyan	舐
	Chaozhou	舐
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	舐
	Haikou	舐
	Tunchang	舐
Wu	Shanghai	舔
	Shanghai (Chongming)	舔
	Suzhou	舔
	Hangzhou	舔
	Ningbo	舔
	Wenzhou	舔, 舐
Xiang	Changsha	舔
	Shuangfeng	舔

Compounds

• 刀頭舔血／刀头舔血
• 舔吮
• 舔嘴咂舌
• 舔拭
• 舔狗 (tiǎngǒu)
• 舔碗邊／舔碗边
• 舔舕 (tiǎntàn)
• 舔舔脷
• 跪舔 (guìtiǎn)

 

References

• “舔”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

舔

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: てん (ten)^{←てん (ten, historical)←てむ (temu, ancient)}
• Kan-on: てん (ten)^{←てん (ten, historical)←てむ (temu, ancient)}
• Kun: なめる (nameru, 舔める)

Vietnamese

Han character

舔: Hán Nôm readings: thiểm, liếm, thiêm

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.