胞

See also: 脬

Translingual

Han character

胞 (Kangxi radical 130, 肉+5, 9 strokes, cangjie input 月心口山 (BPRU), four-corner 7721₂, composition ⿰月包)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 979, character 9
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29396
• Dae Jaweon: page 1430, character 25
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2062, character 7
• Unihan data for U+80DE

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Chinese

trad.		胞
simp. #		胞

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 胞
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (勹) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
袍	*buː
袌	*buː, *buːs
軳	*buː
抱	*buːʔ
勽	*buːs, *mɯnʔ
菢	*buːs
勹	*pruː
包	*pruː
胞	*pruː, *pʰruː
苞	*pruː
枹	*pruː, *bu, *bu
飽	*pruːʔ
泡	*pʰruː, *m̥ʰruːs, *bruː
炮	*pʰruːs, *bruː
皰	*pʰruːs, *bruːs
疱	*pʰruːs, *bruːs
跑	*bruː, *bruːɡ
咆	*bruː
庖	*bruː
匏	*bruː
刨	*bruː
狍	*bruː
炰	*bruː
鉋	*bruː, *bruːs
瓟	*bruː, *bruːɡ
颮	*bruː, *pʰruːɡ
鞄	*bruː, *bruːʔ, *bruːs, *pʰruːɡ
鮑	*bruːʔ
骲	*bruːʔ, *bruːs, *bruːɡ, *pʰoːɡ
玸	*bu
雹	*bruːɡ
窇	*bruːɡ

Etymology 1

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r/m-bu ~ pru (“nest; womb; placenta”). Cognate with Tibetan ཕྲུ་མ (phru ma, “womb”).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): bāo (bao¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄅㄠ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): baau¹
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): pâu / phâu
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): pau

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: bāo
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄠ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: bao
    • Wade–Giles: pao¹
    • Yale: bāu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bau
    • Palladius: бао (bao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɑʊ̯⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: baau¹
    • Yale: bāau
    • Cantonese Pinyin: baau¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: bao¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /paːu̯⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pâu / phâu
    • Hakka Romanization System: bau´ / pau´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: bau¹ / pau¹
    • Sinological IPA: /pau̯²⁴/, /pʰau̯²⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pau
    • Tâi-lô: pau
    • Phofsit Daibuun: paw
    • IPA (Xiamen): /pau⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /pau³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /pau⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /pau⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /pau⁴⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: paew, phaew

Rime
Character	胞	胞
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	幫 (1)	滂 (2)
Final (韻)	肴 (90)	肴 (90)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	II	II
Fanqie	布交切	匹交切
Baxter	paew	phaew
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pˠau/	/pʰˠau/
Pan Wuyun	/pᵚau/	/pʰᵚau/
Shao Rongfen	/pau/	/pʰau/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/paɨw/	/pʰaɨw/
Li Rong	/pau/	/pʰau/
Wang Li	/pau/	/pʰau/
Bernard Karlgren	/pau/	/pʰau/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	bāo	pāo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	baau1	paau1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*pˤ<r>u/

  (Zhengzhang): /*pruː/, /*pʰruː/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	胞
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	bāo
Middle Chinese	‹ pæw ›
Old Chinese	/*pˁ<r>u/
English	womb
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	胞	胞
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	274	279
Phonetic component	勹	勹
Rime group	幽	幽
Rime subdivision	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	包	胞
Old Chinese	/*pruː/	/*pʰruː/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 胞

1. afterbirth; placenta
2. ^† womb
3. born of the same parents
4. (figuratively) born of the same ancestors; fellow countrypeople; compatriot
5. Short for 細胞／细胞 (xìbāo, “cell”).

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): pāo, bāo (pao¹, bao¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄆㄠ, ㄅㄠ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): paau¹

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: pāo
    • Zhuyin: ㄆㄠ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: pao
    • Wade–Giles: pʻao¹
    • Yale: pāu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pau
    • Palladius: пао (pao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰɑʊ̯⁵⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: bāo
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄠ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: bao
    • Wade–Giles: pao¹
    • Yale: bāu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bau
    • Palladius: бао (bao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɑʊ̯⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: paau¹
    • Yale: pāau
    • Cantonese Pinyin: paau¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: pao¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰaːu̯⁵⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: phaew

Rime
Character	胞
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	滂 (2)
Final (韻)	肴 (90)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	匹交切
Baxter	phaew
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pʰˠau/
Pan Wuyun	/pʰᵚau/
Shao Rongfen	/pʰau/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/pʰaɨw/
Li Rong	/pʰau/
Wang Li	/pʰau/
Bernard Karlgren	/pʰau/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	pāo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	paau1

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*pʰruː/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	胞
Reading #	2/2
No.	279
Phonetic component	勹
Rime group	幽
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	胞
Old Chinese	/*pʰruː/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 胞

1. ^† (deprecated template usage) Alternative form of 脬 (pāo, “bladder”).
2. ^† (deprecated template usage) Alternative form of 泡 (pāo, “Classifier for excreta.”).

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): páo (pao²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄆㄠˊ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: páo
    • Zhuyin: ㄆㄠˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: páo
    • Wade–Giles: pʻao²
    • Yale: páu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: paur
    • Palladius: пао (pao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 胞

1. ^† (deprecated template usage) Alternative form of 庖 (páo, “cook”).

Etymology 4

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): pào, bāo (pao⁴, bao¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄆㄠˋ, ㄅㄠ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: pào
    • Zhuyin: ㄆㄠˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: pào
    • Wade–Giles: pʻao⁴
    • Yale: pàu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: paw
    • Palladius: пао (pao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰɑʊ̯⁵¹/
      
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: bāo
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄠ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: bao
    • Wade–Giles: pao¹
    • Yale: bāu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bau
    • Palladius: бао (bao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 胞

1. ^† (deprecated template usage) Alternative form of 皰／疱 (pào, “blister; bleb”).

References

• “胞”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

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Japanese

Kanji

胞

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: ひょう (hyō)
• Kan-on: ほう (hō, Jōyō)
• Kun: えな (ena)

Compounds

• 細胞(さいぼう) (saibō, “cell”)

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Korean

Hanja

胞 • (po) (hangeul 포, revised po, McCune–Reischauer p'o, Yale pho)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 胞 (bào, nhau, rau)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.