蒙

See also: 懞, 矇, and 濛

Translingual

Han character

蒙 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 廿月一人 (TBMO), four-corner 4423₂, composition ⿱艹冡)

Derived characters

• 幪 獴 濛 懞 檬 曚 朦 礞 矇 蠓 艨 饛 氋 鸏 (鹲) 靀

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1048, character 15
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31555
• Dae Jaweon: page 1509, character 22
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3271, character 4
• Unihan data for U+8499

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Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 蒙
Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (冡) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
蒙	*moːŋ
冡	*moːŋ
濛	*moːŋ, *moːŋʔ
艨	*moːŋ, *moːŋs
朦	*moːŋ, *moːŋʔ
矇	*moːŋ
饛	*moːŋ
檬	*moːŋ
鸏	*moːŋ, *moːŋʔ
幪	*moːŋ
蠓	*moːŋ, *moːŋʔ
靀	*moːŋ
曚	*moːŋʔ

Etymology 1

trad.		蒙
simp. #		蒙
alternative forms		⿱𫇦一 (second-round simplified)

STEDT compares it to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *muːŋ ~ r/s-muːk (“foggy; dark; sullen; menacing; thunder”).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): méng, měng (meng², meng³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄇㄥˊ, ㄇㄥˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): mung⁴
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): bông

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: méng
    • Zhuyin: ㄇㄥˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: méng
    • Wade–Giles: mêng²
    • Yale: méng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: meng
    • Palladius: мэн (mɛn)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɤŋ³⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: měng
    • Zhuyin: ㄇㄥˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: měng
    • Wade–Giles: mêng³
    • Yale: měng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: meeng
    • Palladius: мэн (mɛn)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɤŋ²¹⁴/

Note: měng - only in 蒙古 (“Mongolia”).

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: mung⁴
    • Yale: mùhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: mung⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: mung⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mʊŋ²¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bông
    • Tâi-lô: bông
    • Phofsit Daibuun: boong
    • IPA (Xiamen): /bɔŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /bɔŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /bɔŋ¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /bɔŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /bɔŋ²³/

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• Middle Chinese: muwng

Rime
Character	蒙
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	東 (1)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	莫紅切
Baxter	muwng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/muŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/muŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/muŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/məwŋ/
Li Rong	/muŋ/
Wang Li	/muŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/muŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	méng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	mung4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*mˤoŋ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*moːŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	蒙
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	méng
Middle Chinese	‹ muwng ›
Old Chinese	/*mˁoŋ/
English	cover (v.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	蒙
Reading #	1/1
No.	8969
Phonetic component	冡
Rime group	東
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	蒙
Old Chinese	/*moːŋ/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 蒙

1. to cover
2. to deceive; to cheat
3. to suffer
4. (honorific) to receive (a favour)
5. ignorance
6. Short for 蒙古 (Měnggǔ, “Mongolia”).
7. fourth hexagram of the I Ching
8. a surname

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 蒙 – see 濛 (“drizzling, misty, raining”). (This character is the simplified form of 濛).

Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

Etymology 3

For pronunciation and definitions of 蒙 – see 懞 (“honest; sincere; etc.”). (This character is the simplified form of 懞).

Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

Etymology 4

For pronunciation and definitions of 蒙 – see 矇 (“to cheat; to deceive; to dupe; to make a wild guess; etc.”). (This character is the simplified form of 矇).

Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

(deprecated template usage)

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Japanese

Kanji

蒙

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

Readings

• Go-on: む (mu)
• Kan-on: ぼう (bō)
• Kan’yō-on: もう (mō)
• Kun: おおう (ōu, 蒙う); かがほる (kagahoru, 蒙る); かぶる (kaburu, 蒙る); こうぶる (kōburu, 蒙る); こうむる (kōmuru, 蒙る); くらい (kurai)

Compounds

Compounds

• 屯蒙(ちゅんもう) (chunmō): the infancy and beginning of something

Kanji in this term
蒙
もう Jinmeiyō
kan’yōon

Pronoun

蒙(もう) • (mō) 

1. humble first-person personal pronoun; I, me
   • c. 1368-1375 Taiheiki (preface)

     蒙窃採古今之変化、察安危之来由、覆而無外天之徳也。

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Korean

Hanja

蒙 • (mong) (hangeul 몽, revised mong, McCune–Reischauer mong, Yale mong)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 蒙 (mông, mong, mòng, mỏng, muống)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.