薟

See also: 莶

薟 U+859F, 薟 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-859F ← 薞 [U+859E] CJK Unified Ideographs 薠 → [U+85A0]

Translingual

Han character

薟 (radical 140, 艸+13, 19 strokes, cangjie input 廿人一人 (TOMO), four-corner 4488₆, composition ⿱艹僉)

1. vine

References

• KangXi: page 1061, character 30
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 32131
• Dae Jaweon: page 1525, character 25
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3303, character 15
• Unihan data for U+859F

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Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 薟
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (僉) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
厱	*raːm, *kʰreːm, *kʰlam
歛	*qʰlaːm
臉	*ɡ·reːmʔ, *skʰlam, *kramʔ
醶	*ɡr·reːmʔ, *skʰraːmʔ
鹼	*kreːmʔ, *skʰlam
薟	*ɡ·ram, *ɡ·ramʔ, *qʰram
匳	*ɡ·ram
獫	*ɡ·ram, *ɡ·ramʔ, *ɡ·rams, *qʰramʔ
蘞	*ɡ·ram, *ɡ·ramʔ, *qʰlam
籢	*ɡ·ram
斂	*ɡ·ramʔ, *ɡ·rams
瀲	*ɡ·ramʔ, *ɡ·rams
撿	*ɡ·ramʔ, *kramʔ
羷	*ɡ·ramʔ
殮	*ɡ·rams
簽	*skʰlam
僉	*skʰlam
憸	*skʰlam, *skʰlamʔ, *sqʰlam, *qʰramʔ
譣	*skʰlam, *qʰramʔ
檢	*kramʔ
瞼	*kramʔ
儉	*ɡramʔ
顩	*ŋramʔ, *rlɯmʔ, *kʰrɯmʔ
嬐	*ŋramʔ
嶮	*ŋramʔ, *hŋramʔ
噞	*ŋramʔ, *ŋrams
驗	*ŋrams
險	*qʰramʔ
劒	*kams
劍	*kams
𩏩	*qʰam

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɡ·ram, *ɡ·ramʔ, *qʰram): semantic 艸 (“grass”) + phonetic 僉 (OC *skʰlam)

Etymology 1

For pronunciation and definitions of 薟 – see 蘞 (“wild vine, vitis pentaphylla”). (This character, 薟, is a variant form of 蘞.)

Etymology 2

trad.		薟
simp.		莶
alternative forms		馦

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xiān, liàn

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄢ, ㄌㄧㄢˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): him¹, cim¹
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): hiam

  (Teochew, Peng'im): hiam¹

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Mainland)⁺
    • Pinyin: xiān
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄢ
    • Wade–Giles: hsien1
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shian
    • Tongyong Pinyin: sian
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕjɛn⁵⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)⁺
    • Pinyin: liàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄢˋ
    • Wade–Giles: lien4
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: liann
    • Tongyong Pinyin: liàn
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ljɛn⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: him¹, cim¹
    • Yale: hīm, chīm
    • Cantonese Pinyin: him¹, tsim¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: him¹, qim¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hiːm⁵⁵/, /t͡sʰiːm⁵⁵/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hiam
    • Tâi-lô: hiam
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hiafm
    • IPA (Xiamen): /hiam⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hiam³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /hiam⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /hiam⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /hiam⁴⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: hiam¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hiam
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hiam³³/

Definitions

薟

1. ^† (Taiwan, Malaysia and Singapore Hokkien; Teochew; Zhao'an Hakka) spicy
2. (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) pungent

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 辣 (“spicy”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		辛
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		辣, 辛辣
Mandarin	Beijing	辣
	Taiwan	辣
	Harbin	辣
	Jinan	辣
	Muping	辣
	Wanrong	麻
	Xi'an	辣
	Xining	辣
	Xuzhou	辣
	Yinchuan	辣
	Lanzhou	辣
	Ürümqi	辣
	Wuhan	辣
	Chengdu	辣
	Guiyang	辣
	Liuzhou	辣
	Yangzhou	辣
	Nanjing	辣
	Malaysia	辣
	Singapore	辣
Cantonese	Guangzhou	辣
	Hong Kong	辣
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	辣
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	辣
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	辣
	Taishan	辣
	Dongguan	辣
	Kuala Lumpur	辣
	Ho Chi Minh City	辣
Gan	Nanchang	辣
	Lichuan	辣
	Pingxiang	辣
Hakka	Meixian	辣
	Yudu	辣
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	辣
	Liudui (S. Sixian)	辣
	Hsinchu (Hailu)	辣
	Dongshi (Dabu)	辣
	Hsinchu (Raoping)	辣
	Yunlin (Zhao'an)	薟
	Hong Kong	辣
	Senai	辣
Huizhou	Jixi	辣
Jin	Taiyuan	辣
	Xinzhou	辣
Min Dong	Fuzhou	辣
Min Nan	Xiamen	辣
	Quanzhou	辣
	Zhangzhou	辣
	Taipei	薟
	Kaohsiung	薟
	Tainan	辣, 薟
	Taichung	薟
	Hsinchu	薟
	Taitung	薟
	Lukang	薟
	Sanxia	薟
	Yilan	薟
	Kinmen	辣
	Magong	辣
	Penang (Hokkien)	薟, 辣
	Singapore (Hokkien)	薟, 辣
	Chaozhou	薟
	Shantou	薟
	Haifeng	薟
	Thailand (Bangkok Teochew)	薟
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	薟
	Singapore (Teochew)	薟
	Haikou	辣
Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	辣
Shehua	Fu'an	辣
	Fuding	辣
	Luoyuan	辣
	Sanming	辣
	Shunchang	辣
	Hua'an	辣
	Guixi	辣
	Cangnan	辣
	Jingning	辣
	Lishui	辣
	Longyou	辣
	Chaozhou	辣
	Fengshun	辣
Wu	Shanghai	辣
	Suzhou	辣
	Hangzhou	辣
	Wenzhou	辣
	Chongming	辣
	Danyang	辣
	Jinhua	辣
	Tangxi	辣農
	Ningbo	辣
Xiang	Changsha	辣
	Loudi	辣

Compounds

• 臭尿薟／臭尿莶
• 臭薟薟／臭莶莶

• 薟椒／莶椒
• 薟椒仔／莶椒仔

• 薟薑仔／莶姜仔
• 豨薟／豨莶 (xīxiān)

Descendants

• → English: hiam

References

• Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), C11965
• “Entry #12382”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.
• “薟”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

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Japanese

Kanji

薟

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• On (unclassified): れん (ren), けん (ken), こん (kon), げん (gen), ごん (gon)
• Kun: やぶからし (yabukarashi)