褐

Translingual

Han character

褐 (Kangxi radical 145, 衣+9 in Chinese, 衣+8 in Japanese, 14 strokes in Chinese, 13 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 中日心女 (LAPV), four-corner 3622₇, composition ⿰衤曷 or ⿰衤⿱日匂)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1120, character 42
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 34435
• Dae Jaweon: page 1588, character 15
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3102, character 13
• Unihan data for U+8910

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Chinese

trad.		褐
simp. #		褐

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 褐
Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Qin slip script	Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (曷) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
愒	*kʰaːds, *kʰrads, *kʰrad
馤	*qaːds
靄	*qaːds, *qaːd
餲	*qraːds, *qrads, *ɡaːd, *qaːd
喝	*qraːds, *qʰoːb, *qʰaːd
揭	*kʰrads, *ked, *kʰrad, *ɡrad, *kad, *ɡad
偈	*ɡrads, *ɡrad
猲	*kʰob, *qʰaːd, *qʰad
葛	*kaːd
輵	*kaːd
獦	*klaːd, *rab
渴	*kʰaːd, *ɡrad
嵑	*kʰaːd
暍	*qʰaːd, *qad
曷	*ɡaːd
褐	*ɡaːd
鶡	*ɡaːd
毼	*ɡaːd
蝎	*ɡaːd
鞨	*ɡaːd, *ɢljad
遏	*qaːd
齃	*qaːd
堨	*qaːd
擖	*kʰreːd, *kraːd, *r'aːb
楬	*kʰraːd, *ɡrad, *ɡad
朅	*kʰrad
藒	*kʰrad
竭	*ɡrad, *ɡad
碣	*ɡrad, *ɡad
羯	*kad
鍻	*kad
歇	*qʰad
蠍	*qʰad
謁	*qad

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): hè, hé

  (Zhuyin): ㄏㄜˋ, ㄏㄜˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): hot³ / hot⁶

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Mainland)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: hè
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄜˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: hè
    • Wade–Giles: ho⁴
    • Yale: hè
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: heh
    • Palladius: хэ (xɛ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xɤ⁵¹/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: hé
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄜˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: hé
    • Wade–Giles: ho²
    • Yale: hé
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: her
    • Palladius: хэ (xɛ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xɤ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: hot³ / hot⁶
    • Yale: hot / hoht
    • Cantonese Pinyin: hot⁸ / hot⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: hod³ / hod⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɔːt̚³/, /hɔːt̚²/

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• Middle Chinese: hat

Rime
Character	褐
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	曷 (63)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	胡葛切
Baxter	hat
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦɑt̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦɑt̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣɑt̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦat̚/
Li Rong	/ɣɑt̚/
Wang Li	/ɣɑt̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɣɑt̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	hé
Expected Cantonese Reflex	hot6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɢ]ˤat/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɡaːd/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	褐
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	hè
Middle Chinese	‹ hat ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɢ]ˁat/
English	coarse cloth
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	褐
Reading #	1/1
No.	5031
Phonetic component	曷
Rime group	月
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	曷
Old Chinese	/*ɡaːd/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 褐

1. cloth made of coarse fiber
2. poor, dull
3. brown

References

• “褐”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

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Japanese

Kanji

褐

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. cloth made of dry and rough fiber
2. poor
3. brown looks like dried

Readings

• Go-on: かち (kachi)
• Kan-on: かつ (katsu, Jōyō)
• Kun: ぬのこ (nunoko, 褐)

Compounds

• 褐色

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
褐
かつ Grade: S
kan'on

Alternative spelling
褐 (kyūjitai)

From Middle Chinese 褐 (MC hat).

Noun

褐(かつ) • (katsu) 

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
褐
かち Grade: S
goon

Alternative spelling
褐 (kyūjitai)

From Middle Chinese 褐 (MC hat).

Noun

褐(かち) • (kachi) 

1. (archaic) dark navy blue
2. coarse woolen fabric

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
褐
かちん Grade: S
irregular

Alternative spelling
褐 (kyūjitai)

Noun

褐(かちん) • (kachin) 

1. Synonym of 褐 (kachi)

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Korean

Hanja

褐 • (gal) (hangeul 갈, revised gal, McCune–Reischauer kal, Yale kal)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 褐 (hạt)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.