-je

See also: Appendix:Variations of "je"

Dutch

Alternative forms

• -ie (informal)

Pronunciation

• Audio

  (file)

Suffix

-je n (plural jes)

1. Variant of -tje.

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Hungarian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [jɛ]
• Rhymes: -jɛ

Suffix

-je

1. (possessive suffix) his, her, its, -'s, of (third-person singular, single possession)

   kert (“garden”) → a kertje (“his/her/its garden”)

   betű (“letter”) → a betűje (“his/her/its letter”)

   vese (“kidney”) → a veséje (“his/her/its kidney”)

   kert (“garden”) → Anna kertje (“Anna’s garden”)

   kert (“garden”) → a tulipánok kertje (“the garden of tulips”)

2. (possessive suffix, after a plural possessor) -s', of…-s (third-person plural, single possession)

   kert (“garden”) → a szüleim kertje (“my parents’ garden”)

   kert (“garden”) → Az elágazó ösvények kertje (“The Garden of Forking Paths”, by Borges)

3. (with time expressions, referring to a point in time) ago

   Sok ideje ment el. ― S/he left a long time ago (literally, “…a lot of time ago.”)

   Synonym: -val/-vel ezelőtt (e.g. sok idővel ezelőtt)

4. (with time expressions, referring to a duration of time preceding the point of time in question) for

   Sok ideje várunk rád. ― We have been waiting for you for a long time. (literally, “…for a lot of time.”)

Usage notes

• (possessive suffix) Variants:

  -a is added to back-vowel words ending in a consonant

  -e is added to front-vowel words ending in a consonant

  -ja is added to back-vowel words ending in a consonant or a vowel. Final -a changes to -á-; final -o changes to -ó-.

  -je is added to front-vowel words ending in a consonant or a vowel. Final -e changes to -é-; final -ö changes to -ő-.

  • This suffix (in all forms) is normally used for the third-person singular possessive (single possession) but, after an explicit plural possessor, it also expresses the third-person plural possessive (single possession), e.g. “the children’s ball” (a gyerekek labdája). If the possessor is implicit (not named, only marked by a suffix), the plural possessive suffix must be used, e.g. “their ball” (a labdájuk, see -juk and its variants).

Declension

Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, front unrounded harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	-je	—
accusative	-jét	—
dative	-jének	—
instrumental	-jével	—
causal-final	-jéért	—
translative	-jévé	—
terminative	-jéig	—
essive-formal	-jeként	—
essive-modal	-jéül	—
inessive	-jében	—
superessive	-jén	—
adessive	-jénél	—
illative	-jébe	—
sublative	-jére	—
allative	-jéhez	—
elative	-jéből	—
delative	-jéről	—
ablative	-jétől	—
non-attributive possessive - singular	-jéé	—
non-attributive possessive - plural	-jééi	—

See also

• Category:Hungarian noun forms
• Appendix:Hungarian possessive suffixes

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Lower Sorbian

Suffix

-je

1. -ly (used to turn an adjective into an adverb of manner)

Usage notes

The j of this suffix merges with certain preceding consonants to create palatalized consonants not followed by j:

• d + j → ź
• zd + j → zdź
• g + j → z
• k + j → c
• ch + j → š
• ł + j → l
• t + j → ś
• st + j → sć

Synonyms

• -o

Derived terms

Lower Sorbian terms suffixed with -je

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Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *-ьje.

Suffix

-je (Cyrillic spelling -је)

1. Suffix appended to words to create a neuter noun, usually denoting a young animal, plant, place name or is used as a collective noun.

See also

• -e

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West Frisian

Etymology

From Old Frisian -ia, from Proto-Germanic *-ōną, from various Proto-Indo-European suffixes.

Suffix

-je

2. Forms verbs from nouns and adjectives. The stem of the word itself does not change.

Inflection

Weak class 2
infinitive	-je
3rd singular past	-e
past participle	-e
infinitive	-je
long infinitive	-jen
gerund	-jen n
auxiliary	hawwe
indicative	present tense	past tense
1st singular	-je	-e
2nd singular	-est	-est
3rd singular	-et	-e
plural	-je	-en
imperative	-je
participles	-jend	-e

Derived terms

West Frisian terms suffixed with -je