柵: difference between revisions

Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: caak³ / zaap³ / saan³
  - Yale: chaak / jaap / saan
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsaak⁸ / dzaap⁸ / saan³
  - Guangdong Romanization: cag³ / zab³ / san³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰaːk̚³/, /t͡saːp̚³/, /saːn³³/

Middle Chinese: sraenH, tsrhjaek, tsrheak

Rime
Character	柵	柵	柵
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3
Initial (聲)	生 (21)	初 (19)	初 (19)
Final (韻)	刪 (69)	陌 (115)	麥 (119)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Checked (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	II	III	II
Fanqie	所晏切	測戟切	楚革切
Baxter	sraenH	tsrhjaek	tsrheak
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʃˠan^H/	/t͡ʃʰˠiæk̚/	/t͡ʃʰˠɛk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ʃᵚan^H/	/ʈ͡ʂʰᵚiak̚/	/ʈ͡ʂʰᵚæk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ʃɐn^H/	/t͡ʃʰiak̚/	/t͡ʃʰɐk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʂaɨn^H/	/ʈ͡ʂʰiajk̚/	/ʈ͡ʂʰəɨjk̚/
Li Rong	/ʃan^H/	/t͡ʃʰiɐk̚/	/t͡ʃʰɛk̚/
Wang Li	/ʃan^H/	/t͡ʃʰĭɐk̚/	/t͡ʃʰæk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʂan^H/	/ʈ͡ʂʰiɐk̚/	/ʈ͡ʂʰæk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shàn	chi	che
Expected Cantonese Reflex	saan³	cik¹	cak¹

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 柵

Pronunciation 2

Mandarin
(Pinyin): shān, zhà (shan¹, zha⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄕㄢ, ㄓㄚˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): saan¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: shān
  - Zhuyin: ㄕㄢ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: shan
  - Wade–Giles: shan¹
  - Yale: shān
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shan
  - Palladius: шань (šanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂän⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhà
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄚˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhà
  - Wade–Giles: cha⁴
  - Yale: jà
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jah
  - Palladius: чжа (čža)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂä⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: saan¹
  - Yale: sāan
  - Cantonese Pinyin: saan¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: san¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /saːn⁵⁵/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 柵

Only used in 柵極／栅极 and 光柵／光栅 (guāngshān).

Pronunciation 3

Mandarin
(Pinyin): cè (ce⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄘㄜˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): caak³

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: cè
  - Zhuyin: ㄘㄜˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: cè
  - Wade–Giles: tsʻê⁴
  - Yale: tsè
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tseh
  - Palladius: цэ (cɛ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɤ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: caak³
  - Yale: chaak
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsaak⁸
  - Guangdong Romanization: cag³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰaːk̚³/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 柵

Only used in 上柵／上栅 and 下柵／下栅, place names in Zhongshan, Guangdong.

Compounds

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Japanese

Kanji

柵

(Jōyō kanji)

Readings

Go-on: しゃく (shaku); せん (sen)
Kan-on: さく (saku, Jōyō); さん (san)
Kun: やらい (yarai, 柵); しがらみ (shigarami, 柵)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
柵
さく Grade: S
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 柵 (MC tsrhjaek). Template:rfv-etymology

The kan'on reading, so likely a later borrowing.

Pronunciation

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Noun

柵(さく) • (saku)

fence
(by extension) fort, fortress
paling, railing

Synonyms

(fence): 垣(かき) (kaki)
(fortress): 砦(とりで) (toride)

Proper noun

柵(さく) • (Saku)

a surname

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
柵
き Grade: S
kun'yomi

/ki₂/ invalid IPA characters (2) → /ki/

From Old Japanese.

Alternative forms

城

Pronunciation

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Noun

柵(き) • (ki)

fort, fortress (surrounded with a wall, moat, etc.)

Synonyms

砦(とりで) (toride)

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
柵
くえ Grade: S
kun'yomi

/kupe₁/ invalid IPA characters (1) → /kupe/ → /kufe/ → /kuwe/ → /kue/

From Old Japanese.

Pronunciation

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Noun

柵(くえ) • (kue) ^{←くへ (kufe)^?}

(archaic, possibly obsolete) fence
c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 14, poem 3537:
, text here
久敝(くへ)胡之尓(ごしに)武藝波武古宇馬能(むぎはむこうまの)波都々々尓(はつはつに)安比見之兒良之(あひみしこらし)安夜尓可奈思母(あやにかなしも) [Man'yōgana]
くえ越(ご)しに麦(むぎ)食(は)む小(こ)馬(うま)のはつはつに相(あい)見(み)し子(こ)らしあやに愛(かな)しも [Modern spelling]
kue-goshi ni mugi hamu kōma no hatsu-hatsu ni aimishi korashi aya ni kanashimo
(please add an English translation of this example)

Synonyms

垣(かき) (kaki)

Etymology 4

Kanji in this term
柵
しがらみ Grade: S
kun'yomi

/siɡarami₁/ invalid IPA characters (1) → /siɡarami/ → /ɕiɡarami/

The 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of 柵む (shigaramu, “entangle”). Template:rfv-etymology

Alternative forms

笧

Pronunciation

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Noun

柵(しがらみ) • (shigarami)

weir
- c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 2, poem 197:
  
  明日香(あすか)川(がは)四我良美(しがらみ)渡(わた)之(し)塞益(せかませ)者(ば)進(ながる)留(る)水(みづ)母(も)能杼尓賀(のどにか)有(あら)萬思(まし) [Man'yōgana]
  明日香(あすか)川(がは)しがらみ渡(わた)し塞(せ)かませば流(なが)るる水(みづ)ものどにかあらまし [Modern spelling]
  Asuka-gawa shigarami watashi sekamaseba nagaruru mizu mo nodo ni ka aramashi
  Asuka River―if one were to fence the stream, blocking it with weirs, surely the rushing water would lie calm within its banks.^[1]
905, Kokin Wakashū, (book 5, poem 303; also Hyakunin Isshu, poem 32)
山川(やまがは)に風(かぜ)のかけたるしがらみは流(なが)れもあへぬ紅葉(もみぢ)なりけり
yamagawa ni kaze no kaketaru shigarami wa nagare mo aenu momiji nari keri
the autumn leaves are unable to resist the current flowing past the weir built by the wind in the deep mountain river.^[2]
ties, bonds (e.g. family ties)
obstacles

Synonyms

(ties, bonds): 絆(きずな) (kizuna)

Proper noun

柵(しがらみ) • (Shigarami)

a surname

References

^ Lua error in Module:languages/errorGetBy at line 16: Please specify a language or etymology language code in the parameter "1"; the value "1998" is not valid (see Wiktionary:List of languages).
^ Lua error in Module:languages/errorGetBy at line 16: Please specify a language or etymology language code in the parameter "1"; the value "1996" is not valid (see Wiktionary:List of languages).

Korean

Hanja

柵 • (chaek) (hangeul 책, revised chaek, McCune–Reischauer ch'aek, Yale chayk)

(deprecated template usage) (deprecated use of |lang= parameter) This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

柵: Hán Việt readings: sách

(deprecated template usage) (deprecated use of |lang= parameter) This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

Nom Foundation

[1] Lua error in Module:languages/errorGetBy at line 16: Please specify a language or etymology language code in the parameter "1"; the value "1998" is not valid (see Wiktionary:List of languages).

[2] Lua error in Module:languages/errorGetBy at line 16: Please specify a language or etymology language code in the parameter "1"; the value "1996" is not valid (see Wiktionary:List of languages).

[1]

[2]

@@ Line 139: / Line 139: @@
 # {{lb|ja|archaic|possibly|_|obsolete|sort=くえ}} [[fence]]
 #: {{RQ:Manyoshu|14|3537}}, text [http://jti.lib.virginia.edu/japanese/manyoshu/Man14Yo.html#3537 here]
-#:: {{ja-usex|m='''久敝'''胡之尓 武藝波武古宇馬能 波都々々尓 安比見之兒良之 安夜尓可奈思母|m_kana='''くへ'''ごしに むぎはむこうまの はつはつに あひみしこらし あやにかなしも|'''くへ'''越しに麦%食む[[小馬]]のはつはつに相%見し子らしあやに愛しも|'''くへ'''-ごし に むぎ% はむ こ%うま の はつ-はつ に あひ%みし こらし あや に かなしも|rom='''kue'''-goshi ni mugi hamu kouma no hatsu-hatsu ni aimishi korashi aya ni kanashi mo|sort=くえ}}
+#:: {{ja-usex|m='''久敝'''胡之尓 武藝波武古宇馬能 波都々々尓 安比見之兒良之 安夜尓可奈思母|m_kana='''くへ'''ごしに むぎはむこうまの はつはつに あひみしこらし あやにかなしも|'''くえ'''越しに麦%食む[[小%馬]]のはつはつに相%見し子らしあやに愛しも|'''くえ'''-ごし に むぎ% はむ こ%うま の はつ-はつ に あい%みし こらし あや に かなしも|sort=くえ}}
 =====Synonyms=====

柵: difference between revisions

Revision as of 03:16, 10 January 2019

Translingual

Han character

References

Chinese

Pronunciation 1

Definitions

Pronunciation 2

Definitions

Pronunciation 3

Definitions

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

Readings

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Noun

Synonyms

Proper noun

Etymology 2

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Noun

Synonyms

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

Noun

Synonyms

Etymology 4

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Noun

Synonyms

Proper noun

References

Korean

Hanja

Vietnamese

Han character

References

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