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faini

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Swahili

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Etymology

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    Borrowed from English fine.[1]

    Pronunciation

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    • Audio (Kenya):(file)

    Noun

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    faini class IX (plural faini class X)

    1. a fine (a payment for breaking the law)

    Verb

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    -faini (infinitive kufaini)

    1. to fine someone (to issue a fine as punishment)

    Conjugation

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    Conjugation of -faini
    Positive present -nafaini
    Subjunctive -faini
    Negative -faini
    Imperative singular faini
    Infinitives
    Positive kufaini
    Negative kutofaini
    Imperatives
    Singular faini
    Plural fainini
    Tensed forms
    Habitual hufaini
    Positive past positive subject concord + -lifaini
    Negative past negative subject concord + -kufaini
    Positive present (positive subject concord + -nafaini)
    Singular Plural
    1st person ninafaini/nafaini tunafaini
    2nd person unafaini mnafaini
    3rd person m-wa(I/II) anafaini wanafaini
    other classes positive subject concord + -nafaini
    Negative present (negative subject concord + -faini)
    Singular Plural
    1st person sifaini hatufaini
    2nd person hufaini hamfaini
    3rd person m-wa(I/II) hafaini hawafaini
    other classes negative subject concord + -faini
    Positive future positive subject concord + -tafaini
    Negative future negative subject concord + -tafaini
    Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -faini)
    Singular Plural
    1st person nifaini tufaini
    2nd person ufaini mfaini
    3rd person m-wa(I/II) afaini wafaini
    other classes positive subject concord + -faini
    Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sifaini
    Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngefaini
    Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singefaini
    Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalifaini
    Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalifaini
    Gnomic (positive subject concord + -afaini)
    Singular Plural
    1st person nafaini twafaini
    2nd person wafaini mwafaini
    3rd person m-wa(I/II) afaini wafaini
    m-mi(III/IV) wafaini yafaini
    ji-ma(V/VI) lafaini yafaini
    ki-vi(VII/VIII) chafaini vyafaini
    n(IX/X) yafaini zafaini
    u(XI) wafaini see n(X) or ma(VI) class
    ku(XV/XVII) kwafaini
    pa(XVI) pafaini
    mu(XVIII) mwafaini
    Perfect positive subject concord + -mefaini
    "Already" positive subject concord + -meshafaini
    "Not yet" negative subject concord + -jafaini
    "If/When" positive subject concord + -kifaini
    "If not" positive subject concord + -sipofaini
    Consecutive kafaini / positive subject concord + -kafaini
    Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kafaini
    Object concord (indicative positive)
    Singular Plural
    1st person -nifaini -tufaini
    2nd person -kufaini -wafaini/-kufainini/-wafainini
    3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mfaini -wafaini
    m-mi(III/IV) -ufaini -ifaini
    ji-ma(V/VI) -lifaini -yafaini
    ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kifaini -vifaini
    n(IX/X) -ifaini -zifaini
    u(XI) -ufaini see n(X) or ma(VI) class
    ku(XV/XVII) -kufaini
    pa(XVI) -pafaini
    mu(XVIII) -mufaini
    Reflexive -jifaini
    Relative forms
    General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -faini- + relative marker)
    Singular Plural
    m-wa(I/II) -fainiye -fainio
    m-mi(III/IV) -fainio -fainiyo
    ji-ma(V/VI) -fainilo -fainiyo
    ki-vi(VII/VIII) -fainicho -fainivyo
    n(IX/X) -fainiyo -fainizo
    u(XI) -fainio see n(X) or ma(VI) class
    ku(XV/XVII) -fainiko
    pa(XVI) -fainipo
    mu(XVIII) -fainimo
    Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -faini)
    Singular Plural
    m-wa(I/II) -yefaini -ofaini
    m-mi(III/IV) -ofaini -yofaini
    ji-ma(V/VI) -lofaini -yofaini
    ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chofaini -vyofaini
    n(IX/X) -yofaini -zofaini
    u(XI) -ofaini see n(X) or ma(VI) class
    ku(XV/XVII) -kofaini
    pa(XVI) -pofaini
    mu(XVIII) -mofaini
    Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

    References

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    1. ^ Batibo, Herman M. (1994), “Does Kiswahili have diphthongs: interpreting foreign sounds in African languages”, in South African Journal of African Languages[1], volume 14, number 4, →DOI, page 181 of 180-186