hiari

Swahili

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic خِيَار (ḵiyār).

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya)

  (file)

Noun

hiari (n class, plural hiari)

1. choice, discretion; option

Verb

-hiari (infinitive kuhiari)

1. to choose, prefer

Conjugation

Conjugation of -hiari
Positive present -nahiari Subjunctive -hiari Negative -hiari Imperative singular hiari
Infinitives
Positive kuhiari Negative kutohiari
Imperatives
Singular hiari Plural hiarini
Tensed forms
Habitual huhiari Positive past positive subject concord + -lihiari Negative past negative subject concord + -kuhiari
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nahiari) Singular Plural 1st person ninahiari/nahiari tunahiari 2nd person unahiari mnahiari 3rd person m-wa(I/II) anahiari wanahiari other classes positive subject concord + -nahiari
Negative present (negative subject concord + -hiari) Singular Plural 1st person sihiari hatuhiari 2nd person huhiari hamhiari 3rd person m-wa(I/II) hahiari hawahiari other classes negative subject concord + -hiari
Positive future positive subject concord + -tahiari Negative future negative subject concord + -tahiari
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -hiari) Singular Plural 1st person nihiari tuhiari 2nd person uhiari mhiari 3rd person m-wa(I/II) ahiari wahiari other classes positive subject concord + -hiari
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sihiari Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngehiari Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singehiari Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalihiari Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalihiari
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -ahiari) Singular Plural 1st person nahiari twahiari 2nd person wahiari mwahiari 3rd person m-wa(I/II) ahiari wahiari m-mi(III/IV) wahiari yahiari ji-ma(V/VI) lahiari yahiari ki-vi(VII/VIII) chahiari vyahiari n(IX/X) yahiari zahiari u(XI) wahiari see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) kwahiari pa(XVI) pahiari mu(XVIII) mwahiari
Perfect positive subject concord + -mehiari "Already" positive subject concord + -meshahiari "Not yet" negative subject concord + -jahiari "If/When" positive subject concord + -kihiari "If not" positive subject concord + -sipohiari Consecutive kahiari / positive subject concord + -kahiari Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kahiari
Object concord (indicative positive) Singular Plural 1st person -nihiari -tuhiari 2nd person -kuhiari -wahiari/-kuhiarini/-wahiarini 3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mhiari -wahiari m-mi(III/IV) -uhiari -ihiari ji-ma(V/VI) -lihiari -yahiari ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kihiari -vihiari n(IX/X) -ihiari -zihiari u(XI) -uhiari see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kuhiari pa(XVI) -pahiari mu(XVIII) -muhiari Reflexive -jihiari
Relative forms General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -hiari- + relative marker) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -hiariye -hiario m-mi(III/IV) -hiario -hiariyo ji-ma(V/VI) -hiarilo -hiariyo ki-vi(VII/VIII) -hiaricho -hiarivyo n(IX/X) -hiariyo -hiarizo u(XI) -hiario see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -hiariko pa(XVI) -hiaripo mu(XVIII) -hiarimo Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -hiari) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -yehiari -ohiari m-mi(III/IV) -ohiari -yohiari ji-ma(V/VI) -lohiari -yohiari ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chohiari -vyohiari n(IX/X) -yohiari -zohiari u(XI) -ohiari see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kohiari pa(XVI) -pohiari mu(XVIII) -mohiari
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

References

• Baldi, Sergio (2020 November 30) Dictionary of Arabic Loanwords in the Languages of Central and East Africa (Handbuch der Orientalistik; Erste Abteilung: Der Nahe und der Mittlere Osten; 145), Leiden • Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 97 No. 866