hudhuria

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Swahili

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Arabic يَحْضُرُ (yaḥḍuru).

Pronunciation

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  • Audio (Kenya):(file)

Verb

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-hudhuria (infinitive kuhudhuria)

  1. to attend
  2. to participate

Conjugation

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Conjugation of -hudhuria
Positive present -nahudhuria
Subjunctive -hudhurie
Negative -hudhurii
Imperative singular hudhuria
Infinitives
Positive kuhudhuria
Negative kutohudhuria
Imperatives
Singular hudhuria
Plural hudhurieni
Tensed forms
Habitual huhudhuria
Positive past positive subject concord + -lihudhuria
Negative past negative subject concord + -kuhudhuria
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nahudhuria)
Singular Plural
1st person ninahudhuria/nahudhuria tunahudhuria
2nd person unahudhuria mnahudhuria
3rd person m-wa(I/II) anahudhuria wanahudhuria
other classes positive subject concord + -nahudhuria
Negative present (negative subject concord + -hudhurii)
Singular Plural
1st person sihudhurii hatuhudhurii
2nd person huhudhurii hamhudhurii
3rd person m-wa(I/II) hahudhurii hawahudhurii
other classes negative subject concord + -hudhurii
Positive future positive subject concord + -tahudhuria
Negative future negative subject concord + -tahudhuria
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -hudhurie)
Singular Plural
1st person nihudhurie tuhudhurie
2nd person uhudhurie mhudhurie
3rd person m-wa(I/II) ahudhurie wahudhurie
other classes positive subject concord + -hudhurie
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sihudhurie
Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngehudhuria
Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singehudhuria
Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalihudhuria
Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalihudhuria
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -ahudhuria)
Singular Plural
1st person nahudhuria twahudhuria
2nd person wahudhuria mwahudhuria
3rd person m-wa(I/II) ahudhuria wahudhuria
m-mi(III/IV) wahudhuria yahudhuria
ji-ma(V/VI) lahudhuria yahudhuria
ki-vi(VII/VIII) chahudhuria vyahudhuria
n(IX/X) yahudhuria zahudhuria
u(XI) wahudhuria see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) kwahudhuria
pa(XVI) pahudhuria
mu(XVIII) mwahudhuria
Perfect positive subject concord + -mehudhuria
"Already" positive subject concord + -meshahudhuria
"Not yet" negative subject concord + -jahudhuria
"If/When" positive subject concord + -kihudhuria
"If not" positive subject concord + -sipohudhuria
Consecutive kahudhuria / positive subject concord + -kahudhuria
Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kahudhurie
Object concord (indicative positive)
Singular Plural
1st person -nihudhuria -tuhudhuria
2nd person -kuhudhuria -wahudhuria/-kuhudhurieni/-wahudhurieni
3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mhudhuria -wahudhuria
m-mi(III/IV) -uhudhuria -ihudhuria
ji-ma(V/VI) -lihudhuria -yahudhuria
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kihudhuria -vihudhuria
n(IX/X) -ihudhuria -zihudhuria
u(XI) -uhudhuria see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kuhudhuria
pa(XVI) -pahudhuria
mu(XVIII) -muhudhuria
Reflexive -jihudhuria
Relative forms
General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -hudhuria- + relative marker)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -hudhuriaye -hudhuriao
m-mi(III/IV) -hudhuriao -hudhuriayo
ji-ma(V/VI) -hudhurialo -hudhuriayo
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -hudhuriacho -hudhuriavyo
n(IX/X) -hudhuriayo -hudhuriazo
u(XI) -hudhuriao see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -hudhuriako
pa(XVI) -hudhuriapo
mu(XVIII) -hudhuriamo
Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -hudhuria)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -yehudhuria -ohudhuria
m-mi(III/IV) -ohudhuria -yohudhuria
ji-ma(V/VI) -lohudhuria -yohudhuria
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chohudhuria -vyohudhuria
n(IX/X) -yohudhuria -zohudhuria
u(XI) -ohudhuria see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kohudhuria
pa(XVI) -pohudhuria
mu(XVIII) -mohudhuria
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.