kalt

Central Franconian

Etymology

From Old High German *kald, northern variant of kalt, chalt. The variation between the stems kalt and kaal is due to the development -ald- → -āl-, which occurred only in open syllables.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kalt/

Adjective

kalt (masculine kaale, feminine kaal, comparative kaaler or kääler or kälder, superlative et kaalste or käälste or kältste)

1. (most dialects) cold

   Loß’ mer heem john, ich hann kaal Föß.

   Let’s go home, my feet are cold.

Usage notes

• The commoner comparation forms were originally kaaler, et kaalste. Today, those with umlaut are preferred due to influence of German kälter, am kältesten.

---

Cimbrian

Alternative forms

• khalt (Luserna, Sette Comuni)

Etymology

From Old High German kalt, from Proto-Germanic *kaldaz.

Adjective

kalt

1. (Tredici Comuni) cold

References

• Patuzzi, Umberto, ed., (2013) Luserna / Lusérn: Le nostre parole / Ünsarne börtar / Unsere Wörter [Our Words], Luserna, Italy: Comitato unitario delle isole linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien

---

Dutch

Pronunciation

• Audio

  (file)

Verb

kalt

1. (deprecated template usage) second- and third-person singular present indicative of kallen
2. (deprecated template usage) (archaic) plural imperative of kallen

Anagrams

• talk

---

Faroese

Adjective

kalt

1. neuter nominative/accusative of kaldur

---

German

Etymology

(deprecated template usage)

From Old High German kalt, from Proto-Germanic *kaldaz, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gel-. Cognate to Low German kold, koolt, Dutch koud, English cold, Danish kold, Swedish kall.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kalt/

• audio

  (file)

Adjective

kalt (comparative kälter, superlative am kältesten)

1. cold, chilly; the physical perception of something (objects, weather, body etc.) to have a low temperature
2. calm, restrained, passionless
3. cold, frigid (especially when referring to emotions)

Usage notes

• German kalt means “cold”, but not “feeling cold”; therefore the sentence Ich bin kalt (literally: I am cold) would mean that one’s body has a low temperature, particularly that one’s skin is cold on the outside. The English “I am cold” (that is: I feel cold) is equivalent to German: Mir ist kalt (literally: There is cold to me).

Antonyms

• warm, heiß (objects, weather etc.)
• freundlich, passioniert (emotions)

Derived terms

Derived terms

• bitterkalt
• die kalte Schulter zeigen
• hundekalt
• kalt bleiben - keep one's temper

• kalten Blutes - in cold blood
• kalter Brand - gangrene
• kaltes Fieber - ague

Related terms

• Kälte f

Further reading

• “kalt” in Duden online

---

Latvian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *kel- (“to hit, strike”), cognates include Latin clādēs. See the latter for more.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [kālt]

Verb

kalt (transitive, 1st conjugation, present kaļu, kal, kaļ, past kalu)

1. to forge
2. to hammer
3. to chisel
4. to coin (money)
5. to mint (money)
6. to shoe (a horse)
7. to peck (of a woodpecker)
8. to hew

Inflection

conjugation of kalt

	INDICATIVE (īstenības izteiksme)				IMPERATIVE (pavēles izteiksme)
		Present (tagadne)	Past (pagātne)	Future (nākotne)
1st pers. sg.	es	kaļu	kalu	kalšu	—
2nd pers. sg.	tu	kal	kali	kalsi	kal
3rd pers. sg.	viņš, viņa	kaļ	kala	kals	lai kaļ
1st pers. pl.	mēs	kaļam	kalām	kalsim	kalsim
2nd pers. pl.	jūs	kaļat	kalāt	kalsiet, kalsit	kaliet
3rd pers. pl.	viņi, viņas	kaļ	kala	kals	lai kaļ
RENARRATIVE (atstāstījuma izteiksme)			PARTICIPLES (divdabji)
Present	kaļot		Present Active 1 (Adj.)		kaļošs
Past	esot kalis		Present Active 2 (Adv.)		kaldams
Future	kalšot		Present Active 3 (Adv.)		kaļot
Imperative	lai kaļot		Present Active 4 (Obj.)		kaļam
CONDITIONAL (vēlējuma izteiksme)			Past Active		kalis
Present	kaltu		Present Passive		kaļams
Past	būtu kalis		Past Passive		kalts
DEBITIVE (vajadzības izteiksme)			NOMINAL FORMS
Indicative	(būt) jākaļ		Infinitive (nenoteiksme)		kalt
Conjunctive 1	esot jākaļ		Negative Infinitive		nekalt
Conjunctive 2	jākaļot		Verbal noun		kalšana

---

Norwegian Bokmål

Verb

kalt

1. past participle of kalle

---

Old High German

Etymology

(deprecated template usage)

From Proto-Germanic *kaldaz, whence also Old Saxon kald, Old English cald, Old Norse kaldr, Gothic 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐍃 (kalds). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gel-.

Adjective

kalt

1. cold

Derived terms

• kaltī

Descendants

• Middle High German: kalt
  • Alemannic German: chalt

    Walser: chalt, choalt, cholt, chélte

  • Bavarian: ckolt, kholt, kòlt, koid

    Cimbrian: kalt, khalt

    Mòcheno: khòlt, kòlt

  • Central Franconian: kalt
  • German: kalt
  • Luxembourgish: kal
  • Rhine Franconian:

    Pennsylvania German: kalt

  • Vilamovian: kāłt
  • Yiddish: קאַלט (kalt)

---

Pennsylvania German

Etymology

Compare German kalt, Dutch koud, English cold.

Adjective

kalt (comparative kelder, superlative keltscht)

1. cold