kota
Cebuano
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From English quota, from Latin quota, from Latin quota pars.
Noun
[edit]kota
Esperanto
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Audio: (file)
Adjective
[edit]kota (accusative singular kotan, plural kotaj, accusative plural kotajn)
Finnish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Finnic *kota (compare Estonian koda), from Proto-Finno-Ugric *kota (compare Erzya кудо (kudo), Hungarian ház).[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]kota
- A conical or hemispherical shelter with an open fireplace in the middle, usually supported by a frame of wooden poles and covered with a variety of materials including hides, textile fabric, peat and timber; known in some English texts by its Northern Sami name goahti.
- Specifically, a saamelaiskota.
- (botany) capsule
- core of an apple
- Synonym: kara
Declension
[edit]Inflection of kota (Kotus type 10*F/koira, t-d gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative | kota | kodat | |
genitive | kodan | kotien | |
partitive | kotaa | kotia | |
illative | kotaan | kotiin | |
singular | plural | ||
nominative | kota | kodat | |
accusative | nom. | kota | kodat |
gen. | kodan | ||
genitive | kodan | kotien kotain rare | |
partitive | kotaa | kotia | |
inessive | kodassa | kodissa | |
elative | kodasta | kodista | |
illative | kotaan | kotiin | |
adessive | kodalla | kodilla | |
ablative | kodalta | kodilta | |
allative | kodalle | kodille | |
essive | kotana | kotina | |
translative | kodaksi | kodiksi | |
abessive | kodatta | koditta | |
instructive | — | kodin | |
comitative | See the possessive forms below. |
Derived terms
[edit]See also
[edit]References
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “kota”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][2] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02
Anagrams
[edit]Indonesian
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- (Standard Indonesian) IPA(key): /ˈkota/ [ˈko.t̪a]
Audio: (file) - Rhymes: -ota
- Syllabification: ko‧ta
Etymology 1
[edit]From Malay kota, from Classical Malay kota, from Tamil கோட்டம் (kōṭṭam, “city”) or Sanskrit कोट्ट (koṭṭa, “city”).
- The sense in government was coined by Indonesian politician Teuku Muhammad Hasan in 1945 to translate Dutch gemeente or stadsgemeente.
- Displaced Dutch stad (“city, town”) by Komisi Bahasa Indonesia as published on Kanpō/Berita Pemerintah No.38 Year III Month 3 (2604) in 1944.
Noun
[edit]kota (plural kota-kota)
- city,
- (urban studies) a large settlement, bigger than a town; sometimes with a specific legal definition, depending on the place
- (government) the second-level urban administrative division in Indonesia
Usage notes
[edit]- the sense of second-level urban administrative division is used since 1999. The previous term for second-level urban administrative division are kota madya (1965-1999) and kota praja (~1965). The second-level urban administrative division in Java during colonial period were Dutch stadsgemeente (literally “urban commune”) and Japanese 市 (shi, “city”) which romanised as si
- before 1999, kota was used to describe urban administrative division, which can be a first-level administrative division (kota raya), a second-level administrative division (kota madya), a third-level administrative division (kota administratif), or a fourth-level administrative division (kota kecamatan)
Derived terms
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Unknown (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Root
[edit]kota
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
Derived terms
[edit]Etymology 3
[edit]Noun
[edit]kota (plural kota-kota)
- a small box made of pandan leaves, a place to store valuables, usually carried by the Serua indigenous people
Etymology 4
[edit]Borrowed from Kur [Term?], probably cognate of Etymology 1.
Noun
[edit]kota (plural kota-kota)
- a garden that has been fenced with a stone fence
Etymology 5
[edit]Borrowed from Blagar [Term?], probably cognate of Etymology 1.
Noun
[edit]kota (plural kota-kota)
- fence made of coral piles
Further reading
[edit]- “kota” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
Javanese
[edit]Noun
[edit]kota
- nonstandard spelling of kutha
Kituba
[edit]Verb
[edit]kota
Lingala
[edit]Verb
[edit]kota
- to enter
Lower Sorbian
[edit]Noun
[edit]kota
Makasar
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]kota (Lontara spelling ᨀᨚᨈ, semi-transitive anngota)
- (transitive) to chew
Malay
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Sanskrit कोट्ट (koṭṭa) or Tamil கோட்டம் (kōṭṭam).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]kota (Jawi spelling کوتا, plural kota-kota)
- A fort.
- (obsolete) A rampart.
- City:
- (usually historical) A city.[1]
- Synonyms: bandar, bandar raya, kota raya
- The city as opposed to the countryside.
- Synonym: bandar
- Antonyms: desa, luar bandar, kampung
- (usually historical) A city.[1]
- One's dwelling area.
Usage notes
[edit]- ^ In reference to a city, kota is usually used in reference to ancient cities such as that of ancient Rome. With modern cities, it is the word bandar instead that is usually used. This results in a differentiation in speech between the Rome of antiquity and the Rome of the modern age where the former is referred to as kota Rome whereas the latter is referred to as bandar Rome.
Affixations
[edit]Compounds
[edit]- ibu kota
- kota duduk (obsolete)
- kota raya
- rumah kota (archaic)
Descendants
[edit]- > Indonesian: kota (inherited)
- > Peranakan Indonesian: kota (inherited)
- → Chinese: 谷達 / 谷达[1]
- → Swahili: ukuta
- → Tagalog: kuta
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Schmoldt, A., Benthe, H. F., Haberland, G. (2024 October) “Seventeenth-century Malay wordlists and their potential for etymological scholarship”, in Wacana, Journal of the Humanities of Indonesia, volume 25, number 3, , page 566
Further reading
[edit]- “kota” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
Peranakan Indonesian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Noun
[edit]kota
Polish
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]kota m
Slavomolisano
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Serbo-Croatian kotao.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]kota m
Declension
[edit]singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | kota |
kotla |
genitive | kotla |
kotli |
dative | kotlu |
kotli |
accusative | kota |
kotla |
locative | kotlu |
kotla |
instrumental | kotlom, kotlam |
kotli |
References
[edit]- Walter Breu and Giovanni Piccoli (2000), Dizionario croato molisano di Acquaviva Collecroce: Dizionario plurilingue della lingua slava della minoranza di provenienza dalmata di Acquaviva Collecroce in Provincia di Campobasso (Parte grammaticale).
Swedish
[edit]Noun
[edit]kota c
Declension
[edit]nominative | genitive | ||
---|---|---|---|
singular | indefinite | kota | kotas |
definite | kotan | kotans | |
plural | indefinite | kotor | kotors |
definite | kotorna | kotornas |
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]Anagrams
[edit]Tagalog
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Spanish cuota (“quota”).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /ˈkota/ [ˈkoː.t̪ɐ]
- Rhymes: -ota
- Syllabification: ko‧ta
Noun
[edit]kota (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜆ)
Derived terms
[edit]Anagrams
[edit]Turkish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Ottoman Turkish قوته (kota), from French quota.
Noun
[edit]kota (definite accusative kotayı, plural kotalar)
Further reading
[edit]- Avery, Robert et al., editors (2013), “kota2”, in The Redhouse Dictionary Turkish/Ottoman English, 21st edition, Istanbul: Sev Yayıncılık, →ISBN
- Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “kota”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
- Cebuano terms borrowed from English
- Cebuano terms derived from English
- Cebuano terms derived from Latin
- Cebuano lemmas
- Cebuano nouns
- Esperanto terms suffixed with -a
- Esperanto terms with audio pronunciation
- Esperanto lemmas
- Esperanto adjectives
- Finnish terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Finnish terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Finnish terms inherited from Proto-Finno-Ugric
- Finnish terms derived from Proto-Finno-Ugric
- Finnish 2-syllable words
- Finnish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Finnish/otɑ
- Rhymes:Finnish/otɑ/2 syllables
- Finnish lemmas
- Finnish nouns
- fi:Botany
- Finnish koira-type nominals
- Indonesian 2-syllable words
- Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Indonesian terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Indonesian/ota
- Rhymes:Indonesian/ota/2 syllables
- Indonesian terms inherited from Malay
- Indonesian terms derived from Malay
- Indonesian terms inherited from Classical Malay
- Indonesian terms derived from Classical Malay
- Indonesian terms derived from Tamil
- Indonesian terms derived from Sanskrit
- Indonesian coinages
- Indonesian semantic loans from Dutch
- Indonesian terms derived from Dutch
- Indonesian lemmas
- Indonesian nouns
- id:Urban studies
- id:Government
- Indonesian terms with unknown etymologies
- Indonesian roots
- Indonesian terms borrowed from Serua
- Indonesian terms derived from Serua
- Indonesian terms borrowed from Kur
- Indonesian terms derived from Kur
- Indonesian terms borrowed from Blagar
- Indonesian terms derived from Blagar
- id:Administrative divisions
- Javanese lemmas
- Javanese nouns
- Javanese nonstandard forms
- Kituba lemmas
- Kituba verbs
- Lingala lemmas
- Lingala verbs
- Lower Sorbian non-lemma forms
- Lower Sorbian noun forms
- Lower Sorbian superseded forms
- Makasar terms with IPA pronunciation
- Makasar lemmas
- Makasar verbs
- Makasar transitive verbs
- Malay terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- Malay terms derived from Sanskrit
- Malay terms borrowed from Tamil
- Malay terms derived from Tamil
- Malay terms with IPA pronunciation
- Malay 2-syllable words
- Malay terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Malay/ta
- Rhymes:Malay/a
- Rhymes:Malay/a/2 syllables
- Malay lemmas
- Malay nouns
- Malay terms with obsolete senses
- Malay terms with historical senses
- Peranakan Indonesian terms derived from Malay
- Peranakan Indonesian lemmas
- Peranakan Indonesian nouns
- Polish 2-syllable words
- Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Polish terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Polish/ɔta
- Rhymes:Polish/ɔta/2 syllables
- Polish non-lemma forms
- Polish noun forms
- Slavomolisano terms inherited from Serbo-Croatian
- Slavomolisano terms derived from Serbo-Croatian
- Slavomolisano terms with IPA pronunciation
- Slavomolisano lemmas
- Slavomolisano nouns
- Slavomolisano masculine nouns
- Swedish lemmas
- Swedish nouns
- Swedish common-gender nouns
- sv:Anatomy
- Tagalog terms borrowed from Spanish
- Tagalog terms derived from Spanish
- Tagalog 2-syllable words
- Tagalog terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Tagalog/ota
- Rhymes:Tagalog/ota/2 syllables
- Tagalog terms with malumay pronunciation
- Tagalog lemmas
- Tagalog nouns
- Tagalog terms with Baybayin script
- Turkish terms inherited from Ottoman Turkish
- Turkish terms derived from Ottoman Turkish
- Turkish terms derived from French
- Turkish lemmas
- Turkish nouns