mo-

See also: Appendix:Variations of "mo"

Cebuano

Alternative forms

• mu-

Etymology

Standardized form of mu-, from Proto-Austronesian *mu- (movement prefix).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /mo/ [mo]

Prefix

mo- (inchoative ming-, mi-, ni-, contemplative mo-)

1. actor trigger verb prefix, infinitive form
   1. non-durative action, an action done without reference to duration; see Perfective aspect

      Coordinate term: mag- — durative agent trigger

      Mokaon ko.

      I eat. (I is focused.)

   2. volitional action

      Wala siya mosulti

      He wouldn't say/refused to say

2. contemplative aspect of mo-

   Mokaon ko.

   I will eat.

Derived terms

Cebuano terms prefixed with mo-

moayaw

mogawas

mohilom

moinom

mobuntag

Related terms

• mag-
• -um-

See also

• -an
• -on
• paga- -an
• paga- -on

Further reading

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*mu-”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Classical Nahuatl

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /mo/

Prefix

mo-

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Etymology 1

1. (personal prefix, possessive) Used to form the second-person singular possessive of nouns: your. Can combine with relational words to form relational adverbs.

   nāntzintli (“mother”) → monāntzin (“your mother”)

   calli (“house”) → mocal (“your house”)

   -tlōc (“beside”) → motlōc (“beside you”)

Derived terms

Category Classical Nahuatl nouns prefixed with mo- not found

See also

Classical Nahuatl possessive prefixes

	Singular	Plural
1st person	no-	to-
2nd person	mo-	amo-
3rd person	ī-	īm-
impersonal	tē-

Etymology 2

1. (personal prefix, reflexive) Used to form the second and third person reflexive of transitive verbs: yourself, himself, theirselves. May also indicate reciprocity among the plural person: you/they ____ each other. For certain verbs, this imparts an intransitive sense rather than a strictly reflexive one.

   titītza (“to stretch something”) → timotitītza (“You stretch (yourself)”)

   itta (“to see something”) → motta (“He see himself, she sees herself”)

   -h (“(plural)”) → mottah (“They see themselves, They look at each other”)

   tolīnia (“to bother someone, to make suffer”) → ammotolīniah (“You (plrl.) suffer, You are bothered”)

2. (personal prefix, passive voice) Used to form the passive construct for inanimate nouns.

   titītza (“to stretch something”) → motitītza (“It is stretched”)

   itta (“to see something”) → motta (“It is seen, it is visible”)

   pāca (“to wash something”) → mopāca (“It is washed”)

Usage notes

As with the other reflexive prefixes and tla-, this prefixes causes deletion of initial i in verbs such as itta or ilpia, with the exception of verbs beginning with ih- such as ihquiti.

Japanese

Romanization

mo-

1. Rōmaji transcription of も

Northern Sotho

Etymology 1

From Proto-Bantu *mʊ̀-.

Prefix

mo-

1. Class 1 noun prefix.

Etymology 2

From Proto-Bantu *mʊ̀-.

Prefix

mo-

1. Class 3 noun prefix.

Old Tupi

Alternative forms

• mbo-

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *mo-.

Cognate with Mbya Guarani mbo-.

Prefix

mo-

1. forms causative verbs from intransitive verbs

   Coordinate term: (with transitive verbs) ukar

2. forms factitive verbs from nouns and adjectives
   • 1555, Joseph of Anchieta, chapter XII, in Arte de grammatica da lingoa mais vſada na coſta do Braſil (overall work in Portuguese), Coimbra: Antonio de Mariz, published 1595, page 48v:

     aimoabarê Pedro […]

     [aîmoabaré Pedro […] ]

     I make Pedro a priest.

Derived terms

Old Tupi terms prefixed with mo-

moasy

moatã

mogûeîyb

moka'ẽ

mongaraíb

mongaraû

mongaru

nhemosaraî

moporang

mondyk

mondó

moting

motyb

moún

moîub

Descendants

• Nheengatu: mu-

References

• Navarro, Eduardo de Almeida (2013), “mo-”, in Dicionário de tupi antigo: a língua indígena clássica do Brasil [Dictionary of Old Tupi: The Classical Indigenous Language of Brazil ] (overall work in Portuguese), São Paulo: Global, →ISBN, page 281, column 2

Pagu

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /mo/

Prefix

mo-

1. she (third-person singular feminine subject prefix)

   motagi ― she goes

See also

Pagu personal pronouns

			independent	subject prefix	object prefix1	possessive prefix
singular	1st person		ngoi	to-, ta-2	i-	ai-
	2nd person		ngona	no-, na-2	ni-	ani-
	3rd person	masculine	una	wo-, wa-2	wi-	awi-
		feminine	muna	mo-, ma-2	mi-	ami-
		non-human		i-	a-
plural	1st person	exclusive	ngomi	mio-3, mia-2	mi-	mia-
		inclusive	ngone	wo-, wa-2 po-, pa-2	na-	nanga-
	2nd person		ngini	nio-3, nia-2	ni-	nia-
	3rd person		ona	yo-4, ya-2	ki-	manga-
1) Object prefix is attached after a subject prefix and before a derivational prefix and a verb, e.g. Uwa niwisigisen. ‘Don't listen to him.’ 2) Used if the direct object is a third-person non-human object, e.g. to- + a- → ta-, etc. 3) When it is attached to an object prefix, it loses the -o, e.g. mio- + ni- → mini- (except when it is attached to the third-person plural object prefix ki-, e.g. mio- + ki- → mioki-). 4) Attached to the first-person singular object prefix i-, the prefix yo- becomes i-, i.e. yo- + i- → ini-.

References

• Perangin Angin, Dalan Mehuli (2018) A descriptive grammar of the Pagu language (Thesis)‎^[1], University of Hong Kong
• Perangin Angin, Dalan Mehuli (2023), Kamus Pagu-Indonesia-Inggris, Jakarta: Penerbit BRIN

Paraguayan Guarani

Alternative forms

• mbo- (for oral words)

Prefix

mo-

1. Used to form causative of verbs.

   mopu'ã

   to raise, to cause to rise

Usage notes

This prefix is used when the following verb is nasal (as opposed to oral). If this verb were oral, the suffix mbo- would be used instead.

References

• Canese, Natalia Krivoshein de; Alcaraz, Feliciano Acosta (2016), “mo”, in Ñe’ẽryru [Dictionary] (overall work in Spanish), Asunción: Instituto Superior de Lenguas, →ISBN, page 63, column 1

Sotho

Etymology 1

From Proto-Bantu *mʊ̀-.

Prefix

mo-

1. Class 1 noun prefix.

Etymology 2

From Proto-Bantu *mʊ̀-.

Prefix

mo-

1. Class 3 noun prefix.

Southern Pomo

Prefix

mo-

1. alternative form of mu-

Ternate

Etymology

Cognate with Tehit m- (“third-person singular feminine prefix”).

Pronoun

mo- (Jawi مو-)

1. (feminine) third-person singular clitic, she

See also

Ternate personal pronouns

		independent		subject proclitic	possessive
		informal	formal
singular	1st person	ngori	fangarem, fajaruf	to	ri
	2nd person	ngana	ngoni, jou ngoni	no	ni
	3rd person	unam, minaf		om, mof, inh	im, mif, manh
plural	1st person inclusive	ngone		fo	na, nga
	1st person exclusive	ngomi	fangare ngomim, fajaru ngomif, fara ngomi1	mi	mi, mia
	2nd person	ngoni		ni	na, nia
	3rd person	anah, enanh		ih, nh, yoh, †, yanh, †	nah, ngah, manh

• unmarked pronouns are gender non-specific
• m - masculine, f - feminine, h - human, nh - non-human
• 1 - for mixed-gender groups
• † - archaic

References

• Frederik Sigismund Alexander de Clercq (1890), Bijdragen tot de kennis der Residentie Ternate, E.J. Brill
• Rika Hayami-Allen (2001), A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh

Tswana

Etymology 1

From Proto-Bantu *mʊ̀-.

Prefix

mo-

1. Class 1 noun prefix.

Derived terms

Tswana terms prefixed with mo- (class 1)

moêng

Etymology 2

From Proto-Bantu *mʊ̀-.

Prefix

mo-

1. Class 3 noun prefix.

Derived terms

Category Tswana terms prefixed with mo- (class 3) not found