punguzika

Swahili

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya)

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Verb

-punguzika (infinitive kupunguzika)

1. Stative form of -punguza

Conjugation

Conjugation of -punguzika
Positive present -napunguzika Subjunctive -punguzike Negative -punguziki Imperative singular punguzika
Infinitives
Positive kupunguzika Negative kutopunguzika
Imperatives
Singular punguzika Plural punguzikeni
Tensed forms
Habitual hupunguzika Positive past positive subject concord + -lipunguzika Negative past negative subject concord + -kupunguzika
Positive present (positive subject concord + -napunguzika) Singular Plural 1st person ninapunguzika/napunguzika tunapunguzika 2nd person unapunguzika mnapunguzika 3rd person m-wa(I/II) anapunguzika wanapunguzika other classes positive subject concord + -napunguzika
Negative present (negative subject concord + -punguziki) Singular Plural 1st person sipunguziki hatupunguziki 2nd person hupunguziki hampunguziki 3rd person m-wa(I/II) hapunguziki hawapunguziki other classes negative subject concord + -punguziki
Positive future positive subject concord + -tapunguzika Negative future negative subject concord + -tapunguzika
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -punguzike) Singular Plural 1st person nipunguzike tupunguzike 2nd person upunguzike mpunguzike 3rd person m-wa(I/II) apunguzike wapunguzike other classes positive subject concord + -punguzike
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sipunguzike Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngepunguzika Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singepunguzika Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalipunguzika Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalipunguzika
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -apunguzika) Singular Plural 1st person napunguzika twapunguzika 2nd person wapunguzika mwapunguzika 3rd person m-wa(I/II) apunguzika wapunguzika m-mi(III/IV) wapunguzika yapunguzika ji-ma(V/VI) lapunguzika yapunguzika ki-vi(VII/VIII) chapunguzika vyapunguzika n(IX/X) yapunguzika zapunguzika u(XI) wapunguzika see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) kwapunguzika pa(XVI) papunguzika mu(XVIII) mwapunguzika
Perfect positive subject concord + -mepunguzika "Already" positive subject concord + -meshapunguzika "Not yet" negative subject concord + -japunguzika "If/When" positive subject concord + -kipunguzika "If not" positive subject concord + -sipopunguzika Consecutive kapunguzika / positive subject concord + -kapunguzika Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kapunguzike
Object concord (indicative positive) Singular Plural 1st person -nipunguzika -tupunguzika 2nd person -kupunguzika -wapunguzika/-kupunguzikeni/-wapunguzikeni 3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mpunguzika -wapunguzika m-mi(III/IV) -upunguzika -ipunguzika ji-ma(V/VI) -lipunguzika -yapunguzika ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kipunguzika -vipunguzika n(IX/X) -ipunguzika -zipunguzika u(XI) -upunguzika see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kupunguzika pa(XVI) -papunguzika mu(XVIII) -mupunguzika Reflexive -jipunguzika
Relative forms General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -punguzika- + relative marker) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -punguzikaye -punguzikao m-mi(III/IV) -punguzikao -punguzikayo ji-ma(V/VI) -punguzikalo -punguzikayo ki-vi(VII/VIII) -punguzikacho -punguzikavyo n(IX/X) -punguzikayo -punguzikazo u(XI) -punguzikao see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -punguzikako pa(XVI) -punguzikapo mu(XVIII) -punguzikamo Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -punguzika) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -yepunguzika -opunguzika m-mi(III/IV) -opunguzika -yopunguzika ji-ma(V/VI) -lopunguzika -yopunguzika ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chopunguzika -vyopunguzika n(IX/X) -yopunguzika -zopunguzika u(XI) -opunguzika see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kopunguzika pa(XVI) -popunguzika mu(XVIII) -mopunguzika
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.