rudufu

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Swahili

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Arabic رَدَفَ (radafa).

Verb

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-rudufu (infinitive kurudufu)

  1. to double
  2. to duplicate, to make a copy

Conjugation

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Conjugation of -rudufu
Positive present -narudufu
Subjunctive -rudufu
Negative -rudufu
Imperative singular rudufu
Infinitives
Positive kurudufu
Negative kutorudufu
Imperatives
Singular rudufu
Plural rudufuni
Tensed forms
Habitual hurudufu
Positive past positive subject concord + -lirudufu
Negative past negative subject concord + -kurudufu
Positive present (positive subject concord + -narudufu)
Singular Plural
1st person ninarudufu/narudufu tunarudufu
2nd person unarudufu mnarudufu
3rd person m-wa(I/II) anarudufu wanarudufu
other classes positive subject concord + -narudufu
Negative present (negative subject concord + -rudufu)
Singular Plural
1st person sirudufu haturudufu
2nd person hurudufu hamrudufu
3rd person m-wa(I/II) harudufu hawarudufu
other classes negative subject concord + -rudufu
Positive future positive subject concord + -tarudufu
Negative future negative subject concord + -tarudufu
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -rudufu)
Singular Plural
1st person nirudufu turudufu
2nd person urudufu mrudufu
3rd person m-wa(I/II) arudufu warudufu
other classes positive subject concord + -rudufu
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sirudufu
Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngerudufu
Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singerudufu
Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalirudufu
Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalirudufu
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -arudufu)
Singular Plural
1st person narudufu twarudufu
2nd person warudufu mwarudufu
3rd person m-wa(I/II) arudufu warudufu
m-mi(III/IV) warudufu yarudufu
ji-ma(V/VI) larudufu yarudufu
ki-vi(VII/VIII) charudufu vyarudufu
n(IX/X) yarudufu zarudufu
u(XI) warudufu see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) kwarudufu
pa(XVI) parudufu
mu(XVIII) mwarudufu
Perfect positive subject concord + -merudufu
"Already" positive subject concord + -mesharudufu
"Not yet" negative subject concord + -jarudufu
"If/When" positive subject concord + -kirudufu
"If not" positive subject concord + -siporudufu
Consecutive karudufu / positive subject concord + -karudufu
Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -karudufu
Object concord (indicative positive)
Singular Plural
1st person -nirudufu -turudufu
2nd person -kurudufu -warudufu/-kurudufuni/-warudufuni
3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mrudufu -warudufu
m-mi(III/IV) -urudufu -irudufu
ji-ma(V/VI) -lirudufu -yarudufu
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kirudufu -virudufu
n(IX/X) -irudufu -zirudufu
u(XI) -urudufu see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kurudufu
pa(XVI) -parudufu
mu(XVIII) -murudufu
Reflexive -jirudufu
Relative forms
General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -rudufu- + relative marker)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -rudufuye -rudufuo
m-mi(III/IV) -rudufuo -rudufuyo
ji-ma(V/VI) -rudufulo -rudufuyo
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -rudufucho -rudufuvyo
n(IX/X) -rudufuyo -rudufuzo
u(XI) -rudufuo see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -rudufuko
pa(XVI) -rudufupo
mu(XVIII) -rudufumo
Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -rudufu)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -yerudufu -orudufu
m-mi(III/IV) -orudufu -yorudufu
ji-ma(V/VI) -lorudufu -yorudufu
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chorudufu -vyorudufu
n(IX/X) -yorudufu -zorudufu
u(XI) -orudufu see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -korudufu
pa(XVI) -porudufu
mu(XVIII) -morudufu
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms

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