servir
Asturian
Etymology
From Latin servīre, present active infinitive of serviō.
Verb
servir
- to serve
Related terms
Catalan
Etymology
From Lua error in Module:etymology at line 170: Old Occitan (pro) is not set as an ancestor of Catalan (ca) in Module:languages/data/2. The ancestor of Catalan is Old Catalan (roa-oca)., from Latin servīre, present active infinitive of serviō.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): (Central) [sərˈbi]
- IPA(key): (Balearic) [sərˈvi]
- IPA(key): (Valencia) [seɾˈviɾ]
- Rhymes: -i(ɾ)
- Homophone: serví
Verb
servir (first-person singular present serveixo, first-person singular preterite serví, past participle servit)
- to serve
- to be useful, to be good for
- 2019 September 18, Lluís Foix, “Negativisme desacomplexat”, in La Vanguardia[1]:
- La veracitat que s’atorga a les enquestes d’opinió pot persuadir molta gent que la política i els polítics ja no serveixen per canviar les coses.
- The veracity granted to opinion polls can persuade many people that politics and politicians are no good anymore for changing things.
Conjugation
Derived terms
Related terms
Further reading
- “servir” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “servir”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
- “servir” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “servir” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
French
Etymology
From Middle French servir, from Old French servir, from Latin servīre, present active infinitive of serviō.
Pronunciation
Verb
servir
- to serve (to bring a meal to someone)
- to be used for
- Template:indtr to be useful for someone, to be of use, come in handy
- (sports) to serve (start a point with service)
- (sports) to set up (pass to, in order to give a scoring chance)
- (reflexive) to help oneself, to serve oneself
- Template:indtr to use, make use of
Conjugation
This is one of a fairly large group of irregular -ir verbs that are all conjugated the same way. Other members of this group include sortir and dormir. The most significant difference between these verbs' conjugation and that of the regular -ir verbs is that these verbs' conjugation does not use the infix -iss-. Further, this conjugation has the forms (je, tu) sers and (il) sert in the present indicative and imperative, whereas a regular -ir verb would have *servis and *servit (as in the past historic).
infinitive | simple | servir | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
present participle or gerund1 | simple | servant /sɛʁ.vɑ̃/ | |||||
compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
past participle | servi /sɛʁ.vi/ | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | sers /sɛʁ/ |
sers /sɛʁ/ |
sert /sɛʁ/ |
servons /sɛʁ.vɔ̃/ |
servez /sɛʁ.ve/ |
servent /sɛʁv/ |
imperfect | servais /sɛʁ.vɛ/ |
servais /sɛʁ.vɛ/ |
servait /sɛʁ.vɛ/ |
servions /sɛʁ.vjɔ̃/ |
serviez /sɛʁ.vje/ |
servaient /sɛʁ.vɛ/ | |
past historic2 | servis /sɛʁ.vi/ |
servis /sɛʁ.vi/ |
servit /sɛʁ.vi/ |
servîmes /sɛʁ.vim/ |
servîtes /sɛʁ.vit/ |
servirent /sɛʁ.viʁ/ | |
future | servirai /sɛʁ.vi.ʁe/ |
serviras /sɛʁ.vi.ʁa/ |
servira /sɛʁ.vi.ʁa/ |
servirons /sɛʁ.vi.ʁɔ̃/ |
servirez /sɛʁ.vi.ʁe/ |
serviront /sɛʁ.vi.ʁɔ̃/ | |
conditional | servirais /sɛʁ.vi.ʁɛ/ |
servirais /sɛʁ.vi.ʁɛ/ |
servirait /sɛʁ.vi.ʁɛ/ |
servirions /sɛʁ.vi.ʁjɔ̃/ |
serviriez /sɛʁ.vi.ʁje/ |
serviraient /sɛʁ.vi.ʁɛ/ | |
(compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | serve /sɛʁv/ |
serves /sɛʁv/ |
serve /sɛʁv/ |
servions /sɛʁ.vjɔ̃/ |
serviez /sɛʁ.vje/ |
servent /sɛʁv/ |
imperfect2 | servisse /sɛʁ.vis/ |
servisses /sɛʁ.vis/ |
servît /sɛʁ.vi/ |
servissions /sɛʁ.vi.sjɔ̃/ |
servissiez /sɛʁ.vi.sje/ |
servissent /sɛʁ.vis/ | |
(compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | sers /sɛʁ/ |
— | servons /sɛʁ.vɔ̃/ |
servez /sɛʁ.ve/ |
— | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). |
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Related terms
Further reading
- “servir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Interlingua
Pronunciation
Verb
servir
- to serve
Conjugation
infinitive | servir | ||
---|---|---|---|
participle | present | perfect | |
serviente | servite | ||
active | simple | perfect | |
present | servi | ha servite | |
past | serviva | habeva servite | |
future | servira | habera servite | |
conditional | servirea | haberea servite | |
imperative | servi | ||
passive | simple | perfect | |
present | es servite | ha essite servite | |
past | esseva servite | habeva essite servite | |
future | essera servite | habera essite servite | |
conditional | esserea servite | haberea essite servite | |
imperative | sia servite |
Italian
Verb
servir
Middle French
Etymology
From Old French servir, from Latin servīre, present active infinitive of serviō.
Verb
servir
- to serve (act as a servant or a vassal)
Descendants
Occitan
Etymology
From Old Occitan servir, from Latin servīre, present active infinitive of serviō.
Pronunciation
Verb
servir
Conjugation
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | servir | aver servit | |||||
past participle | servit | — | |||||
gerund | servissent | avent servit | |||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
present | servissi | servisses | servís | servissèm | servissètz | servisson | |
imperfect | servissiái | servissiás | servissiá | servissiam | servissiatz | servissián | |
preterite | serviguèri | serviguères | serviguèt | serviguèrem | serviguèretz | serviguèron | |
future | servirai | serviràs | servirà | servirem | serviretz | serviràn | |
conditional | serviriái | serviriás | serviriá | serviriam | serviriatz | servirián | |
conditional 2nd form1 | serviguèra | serviguèras | serviguèra | servigueram | servigueratz | serviguèran | |
compound tenses |
present perfect | use the present tense of aver plus the past participle | |||||
pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver plus the past participle | ||||||
past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver plus the past participle | ||||||
future perfect | use the future tense of aver plus the past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver plus the past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
present | servisca | serviscas | servisca | serviscam | serviscatz | serviscan | |
imperfect | serviguèsse | serviguèsses | serviguèsse | serviguèssem | serviguèssetz | serviguèsson | |
compound tenses |
past | use the present subjunctive of aver plus the past participle | |||||
pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver plus the past participle | ||||||
imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — | |
servís | serviscam | servissetz | 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects |
Related terms
Old French
Etymology
From Latin servīre, present active infinitive of serviō.
Verb
servir
- to serve (act as a servant or a vassal)
Conjugation
This verb conjugates as a third-group verb. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | servir | avoir servi | |||||
gerund | en servant | gerund of avoir + past participle | |||||
present participle | servant | ||||||
past participle | servi | ||||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
simple tenses |
present | serf | sers | sert | servons | servez | servent |
imperfect | servoie, serveie | servoies, serveies | servoit, serveit | serviiens, serviens | serviiez, serviez | servoient, serveient | |
preterite | servi | servis | servi | servimes | servistes | servirent | |
future | servirai | serviras | servira | servirons | serviroiz, servireiz, servirez | serviront | |
conditional | serviroie, servireie | serviroies, servireies | serviroit, servireit | serviriiens, serviriens | serviriiez, serviriez | serviroient, servireient | |
compound tenses |
present perfect | present tense of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior | preterite tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
simple tenses |
present | serve | serves | serve | servons | servez | servent |
imperfect | servisse | servisses | servist | servissons, servissiens | servissoiz, servissez, servissiez | servissent | |
compound tenses |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
— | serf | — | servons | servez | — |
Related terms
Descendants
Old Occitan
Etymology
From Latin servīre, present active infinitive of serviō.
Verb
servir
- to serve (act as a servant or a vassal)
Descendants
Portuguese
Etymology
From Old Galician-Portuguese servir, from Latin servīre, present active infinitive of serviō.
Pronunciation
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "PT" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. IPA(key): /sɨɾˈviɾ/
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "Brazil" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. IPA(key): /seʁ.ˈvi(ʁ)/
Verb
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- (transitive) to serve (to work as a servant for someone)
- (religion, transitive) to serve (to worship a god)
- (transitive) to serve (to give out or place down food or drink)
- Template:indtr to serve (to be part of an armed force)
- Servi dois anos na Legião Estrangeira. ― I served for two years in the Foreign Legion.
- (intransitive) to suffice; to do (to be good enough for a task)
- Esse martelo é ruim mas serve. ― This hammer is bad but it will do.
- Template:indtr to be for (to have as its purpose or utility)
- Martelos servem para as pessoas baterem pregos. ― Hammers are for people to hit nails with.
Conjugation
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Quotations
For quotations using this term, see Citations:servir.
Related terms
Spanish
Etymology
From Latin servīre, present active infinitive of serviō.
Pronunciation
Verb
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- (intransitive, transitive) to serve (to be a servant or worker; to render service)
- Es una empresa que sirve a los discapacitados.
- It's a business that serves the disabled.
- (intransitive, transitive) to serve (to be a servant for; to work for)
- (intransitive) to be of use, to be good for
- Hace diez años, la traducción automática no servía.
- Ten years ago, automated translation was no good.
- Este cuchillo sirve para cortar el pan.
- This knife is good for cutting bread.
- (intransitive) to serve (to usefully take the place of something else)
- sirve como recordatorio ― serves as a reminder
- (intransitive) to serve (to be in military service)
- (intransitive, transitive) to serve (to set down (food or drink) on the table to be eaten)
- El camarero nos sirvió la comida de otra mesa.
- The waiter served us another table's food.
- (intransitive, sports) to serve (to lead off with the first delivery over the net in tennis, volleyball, ping pong, badminton, etc.)
- Synonym: sacar
- (reflexive, with de) to help oneself to (to take something freely)
Conjugation
Derived terms
Related terms
Further reading
- “servir”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Venetian
Etymology
From Latin servīre, present active infinitive of serviō. Compare Italian servire.
Verb
servir
- (transitive, intransitive) to serve
Conjugation
- Venetian conjugation varies from one region to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.
infinitive | servir | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
auxiliary verb | aver | gerund | servéndo | |||
past participle | servito, servìo | |||||
person | singular | plural | ||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | |
indicative | mi | ti | eło / eła | noialtri / noialtre | voialtri / voialtre | łuri / łore |
present | serviso | (te) servisi | (el/ła) servise | servimo | servì | (i/łe) servise |
imperfect | servìa | (te) servivi | (el/ła) servìa | servìvimo | servivi | (i/łe) servìa |
future | servirò | (te) servirè | (el/ła) servirà | servirémo | servirè | (i/łe) servirà |
conditional | mi | ti | eło / eła | noialtri / noialtre | voialtri / voialtre | łuri / łore |
present | servirìa | (te) servirisi | (el/ła) servirìa | servirìsimo | servirisi | (i/łe) servirìa |
subjunctive | che mi | che ti | che eło / eła | che noialtri / noialtre | che voialtri / voialtre | che łuri / łore |
present | servisa | (te) servisi | (el/ła) servisa | servimo | servì | (i/łe) servisa |
imperfect | servise | (te) servisi | (el/ła) servise | servisimo | servisi | (i/łe) servise |
imperative | — | ti | eło / eła | noialtri / noialtre | voialtri / voialtre | łuri / łore |
— | (te) servisi | (el/ła) servisa | servimo | servì | (i/łe) servisa |
- Asturian terms inherited from Latin
- Asturian terms derived from Latin
- Asturian lemmas
- Asturian verbs
- Catalan terms inherited from Latin
- Catalan terms derived from Latin
- Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Catalan/i(ɾ)
- Catalan terms with homophones
- Catalan lemmas
- Catalan verbs
- Catalan third conjugation verbs
- Catalan third conjugation verbs with -eix-
- Catalan terms with quotations
- French terms inherited from Middle French
- French terms derived from Middle French
- French terms inherited from Old French
- French terms derived from Old French
- French terms inherited from Latin
- French terms derived from Latin
- French 2-syllable words
- French terms with IPA pronunciation
- French terms with audio links
- French lemmas
- French verbs
- fr:Sports
- French reflexive verbs
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- French third group verbs
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- Interlingua terms with IPA pronunciation
- Interlingua lemmas
- Interlingua verbs
- Interlingua verbs ending in -ir
- Italian lemmas
- Italian verbs
- Italian apocopic forms
- Middle French terms inherited from Old French
- Middle French terms derived from Old French
- Middle French terms inherited from Latin
- Middle French terms derived from Latin
- Middle French lemmas
- Middle French verbs
- Occitan terms inherited from Old Occitan
- Occitan terms derived from Old Occitan
- Occitan terms inherited from Latin
- Occitan terms derived from Latin
- Occitan terms with IPA pronunciation
- Occitan lemmas
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- Occitan second group verbs
- Old French terms inherited from Latin
- Old French terms derived from Latin
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- Old Occitan terms inherited from Latin
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- Portuguese terms inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese
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- Portuguese 2-syllable words
- Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Portuguese transitive verbs
- pt:Religion
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- es:Sports
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- Venetian terms inherited from Latin
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- Venetian verbs
- Venetian transitive verbs
- Venetian intransitive verbs
- Venetian third conjugation verbs