shtaki

Swahili

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic اِشْتَكَى (ištakā).

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

Verb

-shtaki (infinitive kushtaki)

1. to accuse
2. to charge (accuse of a crime)

Conjugation

Conjugation of -shtaki
Positive present -nashtaki Subjunctive -shtaki Negative -shtaki Imperative singular shtaki
Infinitives
Positive kushtaki Negative kutoshtaki
Imperatives
Singular shtaki Plural shtakini
Tensed forms
Habitual hushtaki Positive past positive subject concord + -lishtaki Negative past negative subject concord + -kushtaki
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nashtaki) Singular Plural 1st person ninashtaki/nashtaki tunashtaki 2nd person unashtaki mnashtaki 3rd person m-wa(I/II) anashtaki wanashtaki other classes positive subject concord + -nashtaki
Negative present (negative subject concord + -shtaki) Singular Plural 1st person sishtaki hatushtaki 2nd person hushtaki hamshtaki 3rd person m-wa(I/II) hashtaki hawashtaki other classes negative subject concord + -shtaki
Positive future positive subject concord + -tashtaki Negative future negative subject concord + -tashtaki
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -shtaki) Singular Plural 1st person nishtaki tushtaki 2nd person ushtaki mshtaki 3rd person m-wa(I/II) ashtaki washtaki other classes positive subject concord + -shtaki
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sishtaki Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngeshtaki Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singeshtaki Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalishtaki Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalishtaki
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -ashtaki) Singular Plural 1st person nashtaki twashtaki 2nd person washtaki mwashtaki 3rd person m-wa(I/II) ashtaki washtaki m-mi(III/IV) washtaki yashtaki ji-ma(V/VI) lashtaki yashtaki ki-vi(VII/VIII) chashtaki vyashtaki n(IX/X) yashtaki zashtaki u(XI) washtaki see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) kwashtaki pa(XVI) pashtaki mu(XVIII) mwashtaki
Perfect positive subject concord + -meshtaki "Already" positive subject concord + -meshashtaki "Not yet" negative subject concord + -jashtaki "If/When" positive subject concord + -kishtaki "If not" positive subject concord + -siposhtaki Consecutive kashtaki / positive subject concord + -kashtaki Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kashtaki
Object concord (indicative positive) Singular Plural 1st person -nishtaki -tushtaki 2nd person -kushtaki -washtaki/-kushtakini/-washtakini 3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mshtaki -washtaki m-mi(III/IV) -ushtaki -ishtaki ji-ma(V/VI) -lishtaki -yashtaki ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kishtaki -vishtaki n(IX/X) -ishtaki -zishtaki u(XI) -ushtaki see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kushtaki pa(XVI) -pashtaki mu(XVIII) -mushtaki Reflexive -jishtaki
Relative forms General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -shtaki- + relative marker) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -shtakiye -shtakio m-mi(III/IV) -shtakio -shtakiyo ji-ma(V/VI) -shtakilo -shtakiyo ki-vi(VII/VIII) -shtakicho -shtakivyo n(IX/X) -shtakiyo -shtakizo u(XI) -shtakio see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -shtakiko pa(XVI) -shtakipo mu(XVIII) -shtakimo Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -shtaki) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -yeshtaki -oshtaki m-mi(III/IV) -oshtaki -yoshtaki ji-ma(V/VI) -loshtaki -yoshtaki ki-vi(VII/VIII) -choshtaki -vyoshtaki n(IX/X) -yoshtaki -zoshtaki u(XI) -oshtaki see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -koshtaki pa(XVI) -poshtaki mu(XVIII) -moshtaki
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms

• Verbal derivations:
  • Applicative: -shtakia
  • Passive: -shtakiwa
  • Reciprocal: -shtakiana
  • Stative: -shtakika

• Nominal derivations:
  • mshtaki (“accuser, plaintif”)

Related terms

• shtaka (“charge, accusation, complaint”)