شهر

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See also: شہر, and سہر

Arabic

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Etymology 1.1

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From the root ش ه ر (š-h-r). Compare Aramaic סהרא and Old South Arabian 𐩦𐩠𐩧 (s²hr, beginning of the lunar month).

Pronunciation 1

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Verb

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شَهَرَ (šahara) I (non-past يَشْهَرُ (yašharu), verbal noun شَهْر (šahr) or شُهْرَة (šuhra))

  1. to spread, to make known, to divulge
  2. to make well-known, to make famous, to make notorious
  3. to proclaim, to announce
  4. to draw (a weapon), to unsheathe
Conjugation
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Pronunciation 2

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Etymology 1.2

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Verb

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شَهَّرَ (šahhara) II (non-past يُشَهِّرُ (yušahhiru), verbal noun تَشْهِير (tašhīr))

  1. to make well-known, to make famous, to make notorious
  2. to spread, to make known, to divulge
  3. to proclaim, to announce
  4. to defame, to slander, to revile, to pillory, to condemn, to denounce
Conjugation
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Etymology

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ʃahr/
  • Audio:(file)

Noun

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شَهْر (šahrm (plural أَشْهُر (ʔašhur) or شُهُور (šuhūr))

  1. verbal noun of شَهَرَ (šahara) (form I)
  2. month (unit of time)
  3. new moon (beginning of the lunar month)
    شَهْر الْعَسَل (šahr al-ʕasal, honeymoon)
Declension
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References

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  • Jeffery, Arthur (1938) The Foreign Vocabulary of the Qurʾān (Gaekwad’s Oriental Series; 79), Baroda: Oriental Institute, pages 186–187
  • Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “شهر”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart[1] (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 680

Egyptian Arabic

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Etymology

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From Arabic شَهْر (šahr).

Noun

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شهر (šahrm (dual شهرين (šahrēn), plural شهور (šuhūr), paucal تشهر (tušhur))

  1. month

Hijazi Arabic

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Etymology

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From Arabic شَهْر (šahr).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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شهر (šaharm (plural شهور (šuhūr))

  1. month

See also

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Moroccan Arabic

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Etymology

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From Arabic شَهْر (šahr).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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شهر (šharm (dual شهرين (šahrayn), plural شهور (šhūr) or شهورة (šhūra))

  1. month

See also

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Gregorian calendar months in Moroccan Arabic · شهور التقويم الميلادي (šhūr et-taqwīm el-mīlādi) (layout · text)
January February March April
شهر واحد (šhar wāḥid)
يناير (yanāyir)
شهر جوج (šhar jūj)
فبراير (fibrāyir)
شهر تلاتة (šhar tlāta)
مارس (māris)
شهر ربعة (šhar rabʕa)
أبريل (abrīl)
May June July August
شهر خمسة (šhar ḵamsa)
ماي (māy)
شهر ستة (šhar sitta)
يونيو (yūnyu)
شهر سبعة (šhar sabʕa)
يوليوز (yūlyūz)
شهر تمنية (šhar tmanya)
غشت (ḡušt)
September October November December
شهر تسعة (šhar tisʕa)
شهر تسعود (šhar tisʕūd)
شتنبر (šutanbir)
شهر عشرة (šhar ʕašra)
أكتوبر (ʔuktūbar)
شهر حداش (šhar ḥdāš)
نونبر (nuwanbir)
شهر تناش (šhar tnāš)
دجنبر (dujanbir)

Ottoman Turkish

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Etymology

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    Borrowed from Persian شهر (šahr, city, town).

    Noun

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    شهر (şehir)

    1. city, a large settlement bigger than a town
      Synonyms: كنت (kent), مدینه (medine)
    2. (especially) the chief city or capital of a province

    Derived terms

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    Descendants

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    • Turkish: şehir
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Latin script: šȅher
      Cyrillic script: ше̏хер

    Further reading

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    Persian

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    Etymology

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      Inherited from Middle Persian 𐭱𐭲𐭥𐭩 (štry /⁠šahr⁠/) (compare Old Persian 𐎧𐏁𐏂𐎶 (x-š-ç-m /⁠xšaça-⁠/)), from Proto-Iranian *xšaθram, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kšatrám. Compare Pashto ښار (ẍâr), Avestan 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬀 (xšaθra) and Sanskrit क्षत्र (kṣatra).

      Pronunciation

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      Readings
      Classical reading? šahr
      Dari reading? šahr
      Iranian reading? šahr
      Tajik reading? šahr

      Noun

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      Dari شهر
      Iranian Persian
      Tajik шаҳр

      شَهْر (šahr) (plural شهرها (šahr-hâ))

      1. city, town
        بزرگترین شهر ایرانbozorgtarin šahr-e irânlargest city in Iran
      2. (obsolete) land, country, realm
        • c. 1011, Abu'l-Qāsim Firdawsī, “The Tale of Rustam and Isfandiyār”, in شاهنامه[6]:
          چو او شهر ایران به گشتاسپ داد
          نیامد ترا هیچ زان تخت یاد
          سوی او یکی نامه ننوشته‌ای
          از آرایش بندگی گشته‌ای
          čū ō šahr-i ērān ba guštāsp dād
          nay-āmad tu-rā hēč z-ān taxt yād
          sōy-i ō yakē nāma na-niwišta'ī
          az ārāyiš-i bandagī gašta'ī
          When he gave the realm of Iran to Gushtāsp,
          You did not remember that throne at all;
          You did not write a single letter to him,
          You turned away from the adornment of vassalage.
          (Classical Persian romanization)
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      Descendants

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      South Levantine Arabic

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      Etymology

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      From Arabic شَهْر (šahr).

      Pronunciation

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      • IPA(key): /ʃahr/, [ˈʃa.h(ɪ)r]
      • Audio (Amman):(file)

      Noun

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      شهر (šahrm (plural أشهر (ʔašhor) or شهور (šhūr))

      1. month

      See also

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      Gregorian calendar months in South Levantine Arabic · أشهر التقويم الميلادي (ʔašhor it-taqwīm il-mīlādi) (layout · text)
      January February March April
      شهر واحد (šahr wāḥad),
      كانون التاني (kānūn it-tāni)
      شهر تنين (šahr tnēn),
      شباط (šbāṭ)
      شهر تلاتة (šahr talāte),
      آذار (ʔāḏār)
      شهر أربعة (šahr arbaʕa),
      نيسان (nīsān)
      May June July August
      شهر خمسة (šahr ḵamse),
      أيّار (ʔayyār)
      شهر ستّة (šahr sitte),
      حزيران (ḥazīrān)
      شهر سبعة (šahr sabʕa),
      تمّوز (tammūz)
      شهر تمانية (šahr tamanye),
      آب (ʔāb)
      September October November December
      شهر تسعة (šahr tisʕa),
      أيلول (ʔēlūl)
      شهر عشرة (šahr ʕašara),
      تشرين الأوّل (tišrīn il-ʔawwal)
      شهر حدعش (šahr ḥdaʕš),
      تشرين التاني (tišrīn it-tāni)
      شهر تنعش (šahr tnaʕš),
      كانون الأوّل (kānūn il-ʔawwal)

      Tunisian Arabic

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      Etymology

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      From Arabic شَهْر (šahr).

      Pronunciation

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      Noun

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      شهر (šharm (dual شهرين (šahrīn), plural أشهرة (ušhra))

      1. month

      See also

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      Gregorian calendar months in Tunisian Arabic · أشهرة سوري (layout · text)
      January February March April
      جانفي فيفري مارس أفريل
      May June July August
      ماي جوان جويلية أوت
      September October November December
      سبتمبر أكتوبر نوفمبر ديسمبر