歐

See also: 欧

歐 U+6B50, 歐 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6B50 ← 歏 [U+6B4F] CJK Unified Ideographs 歑 → [U+6B51]

Translingual

Japanese	欧
Simplified	欧
Traditional	歐

Han character

歐 (Kangxi radical 76, 欠+11, 15 strokes, cangjie input 尸口弓人 (SRNO), four-corner 7778₂, composition ⿰區欠)

Derived characters

• 䥲 𡂿 𥗄 𧞨 𤮥

Descendants

• 欧

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 571, character 27
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 16185
• Dae Jaweon: page 959, character 21
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2149, character 12
• Unihan data for U+6B50

Chinese

trad.		歐
simp.		欧

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 歐
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (區) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
摳	*kʰoː, *kʰo
彄	*kʰoː
剾	*kʰoː, *qoː
謳	*qoː
歐	*qoː, *qoːʔ
區	*qoː, *kʰo
鷗	*qoː
甌	*qoː
漚	*qoː, *qoːs
瞘	*qoː
嘔	*qoː, *qoːʔ
櫙	*qoː
膒	*qoː
蓲	*qoː, *kʰu, *qo, *qos
醧	*qoː, *qas
鏂	*qoː
毆	*qoːʔ
塸	*qoːʔ
貙	*kʰl'o
樞	*kʰjo
驅	*kʰo, *kʰos
軀	*kʰo
嶇	*kʰo
鰸	*kʰo
敺	*kʰo
傴	*qoʔ
嫗	*qos
饇	*qos

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qoː, *qoːʔ) : phonetic 區 (OC *qoː, *kʰo) + semantic 欠 (“to yawn; to exhale”) – to vomit (original form of 嘔).

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): ōu (ou¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄡ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): ngou¹

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): au¹

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): eu¹

• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): êu

  (Meixian, Guangdong): êu¹

• Northern Min (KCR): é
• Eastern Min (BUC): ĕu
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): au / o͘ / o / io

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ao¹

• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ¹eu
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): ngou¹

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: ōu
    • Zhuyin: ㄡ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: ou
    • Wade–Giles: ou¹
    • Yale: ōu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ou
    • Palladius: оу (ou)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˀoʊ̯⁵⁵/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: ngou¹
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: ngou
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋəu⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: au¹
    • Yale: āu
    • Cantonese Pinyin: au¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: eo¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɐu̯⁵⁵/

Note: The zero initial /∅-/ is commonly pronounced with a ng-initial /ŋ-/ in some varieties of Cantonese, including Hong Kong Cantonese.

• • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: eu¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /eu³³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: êu
    • Hakka Romanization System: eu´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: eu¹
    • Sinological IPA: /eu̯²⁴/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: êu¹
    • Sinological IPA: /eu⁴⁴/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: é
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /e⁵⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: ĕu
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɛu⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: au
    • Tâi-lô: au
    • Phofsit Daibuun: aw
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /au⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /au³³/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: o͘
    • Tâi-lô: oo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: of
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /ɔ⁴⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: o
    • Tâi-lô: o
    • Phofsit Daibuun: oy
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /o³³/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: io
    • Tâi-lô: io
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ioy
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /iɤ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /io⁴⁴/

Note:

• au - vernacular (incl. surname);
• o͘/o/io - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: ao¹
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: au
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /au³³/
• Wu
  • (Shanghai):
    • Wugniu: ¹eu
    • MiniDict: eu^平
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹eu
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɤ⁵³/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: ngou¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋəu̯³³/

---

• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 歐
Mandarin	Beijing	/ou⁵⁵/
	Harbin	/ou⁴⁴/
	Tianjin	/nou²¹/
	Jinan	/ŋou²¹³/
	Qingdao	/ɣou²¹³/
	Zhengzhou	/ou²⁴/
	Xi'an	/ŋou²¹/
	Xining	/nɯ⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/əu⁴⁴/
	Lanzhou	/ou³¹/
	Ürümqi	/ɤu⁴⁴/
	Wuhan	/ŋəu⁵⁵/
	Chengdu	/ŋəu⁵⁵/
	Guiyang	/ŋəu⁵⁵/ /əu⁵⁵/ 新
	Kunming	/əu⁴⁴/
	Nanjing	/əɯ³¹/
	Hefei	/ʐɯ²¹/
Jin	Taiyuan	/ɣəu¹¹/
	Pingyao	/ŋəu¹³/
	Hohhot	/ŋəu³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/ɤ⁵³/
	Suzhou	/ɤ⁵⁵/
	Hangzhou	/ʔei³³/
	Wenzhou	/au³³/
Hui	Shexian	/niu³¹/ /ŋiu³¹/
	Tunxi
Xiang	Changsha	/ŋəu³³/
	Xiangtan	/ŋəɯ³³/
Gan	Nanchang	/ŋiɛu⁴²/
Hakka	Meixian	/eu⁴⁴/
	Taoyuan	/eu²⁴/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/ɐu⁵³/
	Nanning	/ɐu⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/ɐu⁵³/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/ɔ⁵⁵/ /au⁵⁵/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/eu⁴⁴/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/e⁵⁴/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/au³³/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/ɔu²³/

---

• Middle Chinese: 'uw

Rime
Character	歐
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	影 (34)
Final (韻)	侯 (137)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	烏侯切
Baxter	'uw
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔəu/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔəu/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔəu/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔəw/
Li Rong	/ʔu/
Wang Li	/əu/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʔə̯u/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	ōu
Expected Cantonese Reflex	au1

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*qoː/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	歐
Reading #	1/2
No.	10583
Phonetic component	區
Rime group	侯
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	謳
Old Chinese	/*qoː/

Definitions

歐

1. Short for 歐羅巴／欧罗巴 (Ōuluóbā, “Europe”).

   歐洲／欧洲  ―  Ōuzhōu  ―  Europe

   東歐／东欧  ―  Dōng-Ōu  ―  Eastern Europe

   歐化／欧化  ―  ōuhuà  ―  to Europeanise

2. Short for 歐盟／欧盟 (Ōuméng, “European Union”).

   英歐關係／英欧关系  ―  Yīng Ōu guānxì  ―  UK-EU relationship

3. Short for 歐元／欧元 (ōuyuán, “euro”).

   二十歐／二十欧  ―  èrshí ōu  ―  twenty euros

4. Short for 歐姆／欧姆 (ōumǔ, “ohm”).
5. Alternative form of 謳／讴 (ōu, “to sing”)
6. Alternative form of 毆／殴 (ōu, “to beat; to strike”)
7. a surname

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 歐元 (“euro”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		歐元
Mandarin	Taiwan	歐元
Cantonese	Hong Kong	歐元, 歐羅, 歐
Southern Min	Xiamen	歐元
	Quanzhou	歐元
	Zhangzhou	歐元

Compounds

• 僕歐／仆欧 (pú'ōu)
• 北歐／北欧 (Běi-Ōu)
• 南歐／南欧 (Nán-Ōu)
• 印歐／印欧 (Yìn-Ōu)
• 大小歐陽／大小欧阳
• 東南歐／东南欧
• 東歐／东欧 (Dōng-Ōu)
• 東歐集團／东欧集团
• 歐亞／欧亚
• 歐亞大陸／欧亚大陆
• 歐佩克／欧佩克 (Ōupèikè)
• 歐元／欧元 (ōuyuán)
• 歐克／欧克 (ōukè)
• 歐冶子／欧冶子
• 歐冶鑄劍／欧冶铸剑
• 歐刀／欧刀
• 歐化／欧化 (ōuhuà)
• 歐吉桑／欧吉桑 (ōujísāng)
• 歐姆／欧姆 (ōumǔ)
• 歐姆定律／欧姆定律 (Ōumǔ dìnglǜ)
• 歐巴桑／欧巴桑 (ōubāsāng)
• 歐市／欧市
• 歐廟／欧庙 (Ōumiào)
• 歐式／欧式 (ōushì)
• 歐戰／欧战
• 歐文／欧文 (Ōuwén)
• 歐普藝術／欧普艺术
• 歐李／欧李
• 歐歌／欧歌
• 歐母畫荻／欧母画荻 (ōu mǔ huàdí)
• 歐氏管／欧氏管 (ōushìguǎn)
• 歐洲／欧洲 (Ōuzhōu)
• 歐洲美元／欧洲美元
• 歐洲議會／欧洲议会 (Ōuzhōu Yìhuì)
• 歐羅巴州／欧罗巴州
• 歐美／欧美 (Ōu-Měi)
• 歐耳／欧耳
• 歐胡島／欧胡岛
• 歐虞體／欧虞体
• 歐裔／欧裔 (ōuyì)
• 歐遊／欧游 (Ōuyóu)
• 歐陽／欧阳 (Ōuyáng)
• 歐風／欧风
• 歐風美雨／欧风美雨 (ōufēngměiyǔ)
• 歐體／欧体
• 泛歐／泛欧
• 西歐／西欧 (Xī-Ōu)
• 西歐聯盟／西欧联盟
• 西歐集團／西欧集团

 

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 歐 – see 嘔 (“to vomit; etc.”). (This character is a variant form of 嘔).

References

• Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A02062
• “歐”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Shinjitai	欧
Kyūjitai	歐

Kanji

歐

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 欧)

1. Europe

Readings

• Go-on: う (u)
• Kan-on: おう (ō)
• Kun: うたう (utau, 歐う)^{←うたふ (utafu, 歐ふ, historical)}; はく (haku, 歐く)

Korean

Etymology

From a corrupted or unorthodox reading. The original reading is 우 (u) based on Middle Chinese 歐 (MC 'uw).

Historical readings
Recorded as Middle Korean ᅙᅮᇢ (Yale: qwuw) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ku]
• Phonetic hangul: [구]

Hanja

Wikisource

歐 (eumhun 구라파 구 (gurapa gu))

1. Hanja form^? of 구 (“Europe”).

Compounds

Compounds

• 구미 (歐美, gumi)
• 서구 (西歐, seogu)
• 구라파 (歐羅巴, gurapa)

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

Vietnamese

Han character

歐: Hán Nôm readings: âu

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.