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ที่

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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Thai

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Pronunciation

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Orthographic/Phonemicที่
d ī ˋ
RomanizationPaiboontîi
Royal Institutethi
(standard) IPA(key)/tʰiː˥˩/(R)

Etymology 1

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From Proto-Tai *diːᴮ, possibly from Middle Chinese (MC dijH).[1] Cognate with Lao ທີ່ (thī), Northern Thai ᨴᩦ᩵, ᦑᦲᧈ (tii¹), Tai Dam ꪕꪲ꪿, Tai Dón ꪕꪲꫀ, Shan တီႈ (tīi), Tai Nüa ᥖᥤ (ti), Phake တီ (), Ahom 𑜄𑜣 (), Zhuang deih, Zuojiang Zhuang thi. Outside Tai-Kadai: compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *tiʔ ~ tiiʔ ~ tiəʔ (that yonder), Mon တေံ (teʔ, that), Khmer ទី (tii), Vietnamese thì (then, which, to be). Compare Malay di.

Preposition

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ที่ (tîi)

  1. at; to; on the site of; within; amidst; at the location of.
  2. for; during; at the time of.

Noun

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ที่ (tîi)

  1. land; place; area; seat (booking and reservations); site; location.
  2. position; office.
See also
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Classifier

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ที่ (tîi)

  1. Classifier for places, locations, servings.all nouns using this classifier

Derived terms

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See also

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Etymology 2

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This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.
Particularly: “TDP separates the "place, at" and "which, who, that" senses of Etymologies 1 and 2 respectively, which is possible, though a semantic relation is also plausible.”

Pronoun

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ที่ (tîi)

  1. relative pronoun; that; which; that which; who; whom.
    ลูกคนที่สาม
    lûuk kon tîi sǎam
    the third child.
    เขาเป็นคนที่จ่าย
    kǎo bpen kon tîi jàai
    He is the one who paid.
    ขอโทษที่เป็นแบบนี้
    kɔ̌ɔ-tôot tîi bpen bɛ̀ɛp níi
    I'm sorry for being like this.
    เราดีใจที่หน้าร้อนผ่านไปแล้ว
    rao dii-jai tîi nâa rɔ́ɔn pàan bpai lɛ́ɛo
    We're pleased (that) the hot season is over.
    ร่ำลาเจ้าของที่ห่วงใย แล้วมุ่งหน้าเข้าสู่หมู่บ้าน
    râm-laa jâo-kɔ̌ɔng tîi hùuang-yai · lɛ́ɛo mûng-nâa kâo sùu mùu-bâan
    After bidding farewell to the worried owner, it headed towards the village.
  2. where; when.

Prefix

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ที่

  1. (creating a noun from a verb) the person who.
    ที่ปรึกษา
    tîi bprʉ̀k-sǎa
    advisor.
  2. (creating a noun from a verb) an object pertaining to which; that which; an object for; for the purpose of; equipment or gear for a purpose.
    ที่เปิดขวด
    tîi bpə̀ət kùuat
    bottle opener.
  3. (creating a noun from a verb) a concept or idea pertaining to which.
  4. (creating a noun from a verb) a place or location pertaining to which; a place to do something.
  5. (creating a noun from a verb) an event, time, duration, or occurrence pertaining to which.
  6. used with cardinal numbers to create ordinals. (Compare Chinese ().)
    บทที่หนึ่ง
    bòt tîi nʉ̀ng
    lesson one / the first lesson
  7. used to indicate comparisons or ordering.

Particle

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ที่ (tîi)

  1. placed after an adjective to indicate that it applies particularly and specifically to its preceding noun. (Can we add an example for this sense? )
  2. used in the pattern “เป็น (bpen) + ที่ + verb” to make an adjective from a verb.

Derived terms

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References

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  1. ^ Pittayaporn, Pittayawat (2009) The Phonology of Proto-Tai (Doctoral dissertation)‎[1], Department of Linguistics, Cornell University, page 367

Further reading

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  • ที่” in Thai Dictionary Project (TDP) (UC Berkeley 1964) (plus additional data from the Royal Institute of Thailand (RI) and NECTEC's LEXITRON project (LEX)). Searchable online at SEAlang.net.