仙

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See also: 仚

Template:character info/new

Translingual

Stroke order
0 strokes

Han character

仙 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+3, 5 strokes, cangjie input 人山 (OU), four-corner 22270, composition ⿰亻山)

Derived characters

Related characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 92, character 13
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 374
  • Dae Jaweon: page 196, character 3
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 114, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+4ED9

Chinese

Wikipedia has an article on:

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 仙
Transcribed ancient scripts

L31826

L31827

L31828

L06560

L06561

L06562

L06563

L06564

L06565

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series (山) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
山 *sreːn
疝 *sreːn, *sraːns
邖 *sreːn
汕 *sreːnʔ, *sraːns
訕 *sraːn, *sraːns
仙 *sen
秈 *sen
苮 *sen
屾 *srin

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sen) : semantic 亻 (“person”) + phonetic 山 (OC *sreːn, “mountain”) — a person moving into a mountain to practise becoming immortal.

Originally 僊／仙. The current form is first attested in the clerical script of the Han dynasty.

Etymology 1

simp. and trad.
 仙
alternative forms 僊／仙
仚
屳

A relatively late word, perhaps Sino-Tibetan (Schuessler, 2007). Compare Tibetan གཤེན (gshen, “shaman”), as in Tibetan གཤེན་རབ (gshen rab, “Shenrab”), the founder of the Tibetan religion Bon, although this might be a loan from Chinese (ibid.). Starostin sets up Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s[ă]n (“a kind of demon”), comparing it to Tibetan བསེན་མོ (bsen mo, “female devil”) and Jingpho sawn (“malignant female nat”).

Pronunciation

Note:
  • siêng1 - Chaozhou;
  • siang1 - Shantou.
    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location 仙
    Mandarin Beijing /ɕian⁵⁵/
    Harbin /ɕian⁴⁴/
    Tianjin /ɕian²¹/
    Jinan /ɕiã²¹³/
    Qingdao /siã²¹³/
    Zhengzhou /sian²⁴/
    Xi'an /ɕiã²¹/
    Xining /ɕiã⁴⁴/
    Yinchuan /ɕian⁴⁴/
    Lanzhou /ɕiɛ̃n³¹/
    Ürümqi /ɕian⁴⁴/
    Wuhan /ɕiɛn⁵⁵/
    Chengdu /ɕian⁵⁵/
    Guiyang /ɕian⁵⁵/
    Kunming /ɕiɛ̃⁴⁴/
    Nanjing /sien³¹/
    Hefei /ɕyĩ²¹/
    Jin Taiyuan /ɕie¹¹/
    Pingyao /ɕie̞¹³/
    Hohhot /ɕie³¹/
    Wu Shanghai /ɕi⁵³/
    Suzhou /siɪ⁵⁵/
    Hangzhou /ɕiẽ̞³³/
    Wenzhou /ɕi³³/
    Hui Shexian /se³¹/
    Tunxi /siɛ¹¹/
    Xiang Changsha /siẽ³³/
    Xiangtan /siẽ³³/
    Gan Nanchang /ɕiɛn⁴²/
    Hakka Meixian /sien⁴⁴/
    Taoyuan /sien²⁴/
    Cantonese Guangzhou /sin⁵⁵/
    Nanning /ɬin⁵⁵/
    Hong Kong /sin⁵⁵/
    Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /sian⁵⁵/
    Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /sieŋ⁴⁴/
    Jian'ou (Northern Min) /siŋ⁵⁴/
    Shantou (Teochew) /siaŋ³³/
    Haikou (Hainanese) /tin²³/
    Rime
    Character 仙
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 心 (16)
    Final (韻) 仙 (77)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 相然切
    Baxter sjen
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/siᴇn/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/siɛn/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/sjæn/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/sian/
    Li
    Rong         		/siɛn/
    Wang
    Li         		/sĭɛn/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/si̯ɛn/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		xiān
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		sin1
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 仙
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		xiān
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ sjen ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*[s]a[r]/
    English immortal (n.)

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 仙
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 11060
    Phonetic
    component         		山
    Rime
    group         		元
    Rime
    subdivision         		2
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		仙
    Old
    Chinese         		/*sen/

    Definitions

    (deprecated template usage) 仙

    1. (Taoism) xian (an immortal; celestial being)
    2. fairy; celestial being
    3. (figurative) extraordinary person
      詩仙／诗仙  ―  shīxiān  ―  great poet; epithet of Li Bai
    4. a surname
    Descendants
    Sino-Xenic (仙):
    • → Japanese: 仙(せん) (sen)
    • → Korean: 선(仙) (seon)
    • → Vietnamese: tiên (仙)

    Compounds

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    See also

    Etymology 2

    simp. and trad.
    		 仙
    alternative forms 銑／铣 Min Nan

    Borrowed from English cent.

    Pronunciation

    Definitions

    (deprecated template usage) 仙

    1. (Cantonese, Southern Min, Malaysian Mandarin, Singapore Mandarin) cent
      五仙硬幣／五仙硬币 [Cantonese]  ―  ng5 sin1 ngaang6 bai6 [Jyutping]  ―  five-cent coin

    Compounds

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    See also

    (deprecated template usage)

    Japanese

    Kanji

    仙

    (common “Jōyō” kanji)

    Readings

    Compounds

    Compounds

    Template:der-mid

    Etymology 1

    Kanji in this term
    仙
    せん
    Grade: S
    on’yomi

    From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Middle Chinese 仙 (sjen, literally “immortal”). Compare modern (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Mandarin reading xiān and (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Cantonese reading sin1.

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

    仙(せん) • (sen) 

    1. a sage or hermit, an enlightened person, usually immortal and ageless
    2. (mythology) short for 仙人 (sennin): a wizard or mage; an immortal living as a hermit in the mountains
    3. by extension, the region or area where a sennin lives
    4. the supernatural techniques for becoming immortal and ageless
    5. a person of exceptional talent

    Etymology 2

    Kanji in this term
    仙
    せんと
    Grade: S
    irregular

    Borrowed from English cent.[1][2] The kanji spelling is an example of jukujikun.

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

    仙(セント) or 仙(せんと) • (sento) 

    1. one hundredth of a dollar: a cent
    Usage notes

    This word is almost always spelled in katakana as セント.

    See also

    References

    1. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
    2. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

    Korean

    Hanja

    仙 • (seon) (hangeul 선, revised seon, McCune–Reischauer sŏn)

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Vietnamese

    Han character

    仙: Hán Nôm readings: tiên

    Noun

    仙

    1. fairy
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