伓

Translingual

Han character

伓 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+4, 6 strokes, cangjie input 人一火 (OMF), four-corner 2129₀, composition ⿰亻不)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 96, character 8
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 446
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 119, character 3
• Unihan data for U+4F13

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Chinese

Etymology 1

For pronunciation and definitions of 伓 – see 伾 (“mighty”). (This character is a variant form of 伾).

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 伓 – see 不 (“no, not”). (This character is a variant form of 不).

Etymology 3

For pronunciation and definitions of 伓 – see 背 (“back; behind; betray”). (This character is a variant form of 背).

Etymology 4

simp. and trad.		伓
alternative forms		毋 Min Nan 唔 Teochew

Pronunciation

• Eastern Min (BUC): n̂g / îng

• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): m̄

  (Teochew, Peng'im): m⁶

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• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: n̂g / îng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /^(ŋ̍-)ŋ̍/m̩/n̩²⁴²/, /ɛiŋ²⁴²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: m̄
    • Tâi-lô: m̄
    • Phofsit Daibuun: m
    • IPA (Xiamen): /m̩²²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /m̩⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /m̩²²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /m̩³³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /m̩³³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: m⁶
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: m̆
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /m³⁵/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 伓

1. (Min) not

   伓講／伓讲 [Eastern Min]  ―  n̂g-gōng / [^(ŋ̍-)ŋ̍²⁴²⁻⁵³ ^(k-)ŋouŋ³³] [Bàng-uâ-cê / IPA]  ―  not speak; not say; needless to say

   伓成 [Eastern Min]  ―  n̂g-siàng / [^(ŋ̍-)n̩²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ^(s-)niaŋ⁵³] [Bàng-uâ-cê / IPA]  ―  inappropriate; unwilling

   伓捌 [Eastern Min]  ―  n̂g-báik / [^(ŋ̍-)m̩²⁴²⁻⁵³ ^(p-)maiʔ²⁴] [Bàng-uâ-cê / IPA]  ―  not know

   去伓去？ [Eastern Min, trad. and simp.]

   kó̤-n̂g-kó̤ / [kʰo²¹³⁻²¹ ^(ŋ̍-)ŋ̍²⁴²⁻⁵³ ^(kʰ-)ŋɔ²¹³] [Bàng-uâ-cê / IPA]

   Do you want to go?

Usage notes

• In Min Dong, this particle changes its pronunciation depending on the initial of the following syllable: n̂g (velar and null initials); m̂ (labial initials); n̂ (dental initials). Orthographically, all the complementary pronunciations are written as ‹n̂g› (or ‹ng› in Maclay (1929)).
  • In addition to this, all three forms have an emphatic form: îng.
• This particle is not used alone; its tone is inferred from tone sandhi patterns.

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 不 (“not”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		不, 弗, 毋, 勿, 莫, 否, 未
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		不
Mandarin	Beijing	不
	Taiwan	不
	Tianjin	不
	Chengde	不
	Tangshan	不
	Cangzhou	不
	Baoding	不
	Shijiazhuang	不
	Chifeng	不
	Hulunbuir (Hailar)	不
	Heihe	不
	Qiqihar	不
	Harbin	不
	Jiamusi	不
	Baicheng	不
	Changchun	不
	Tonghua	不
	Shenyang	不
	Dandong	不
	Jinzhou	不
	Dalian	不
	Yantai	不
	Yantai (Muping)	不
	Qingdao	不
	Lijin	不
	Zhucheng	不
	Jinan	不
	Luoyang	不
	Wanrong	不
	Shangqiu	不
	Yuanyang	不
	Zhengzhou	不
	Lingbao	不
	Xinyang	不
	Baihe	不
	Xi'an	不
	Baoji	不
	Yinchuan	不
	Tianshui	不
	Lanzhou	不
	Dunhuang	不
	Xining	不
	Hami	不
	Ürümqi	不
	Wuhan	不
	Yichang	不
	Xiangyang	不
	Tianmen	不
	Hong'an	不
	Chengdu	不
	Nanchong	不
	Dazhou	不
	Hanyuan	不
	Xichang	不
	Zigong	不
	Chongqing	不
	Guiyang	不
	Zunyi	不
	Bijie	不
	Zhaotong	不
	Dali	不
	Kunming	不
	Mengzi	不
	Guilin	不
Liuzhou	沒, 不
Changde	不
Anqing	不
Xuzhou	不
Fuyang	不
Wuhu	不
Yangzhou	不
Lianyungang	不
Lianshui	不
Nanjing	不
Hefei	不
Nantong	不
Malaysia	不
Singapore	不
Cantonese	Guangzhou	唔
	Hong Kong	唔
	Macau	唔
	Taishan	唔
	Dongguan	唔
	Yangjiang	無
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	冇
	Hepu (Shatian)	冇
	Beihai	冇
	Beihai (Nankang)	冇
	Beihai (Yingpan)	冇
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)	冇
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)	冇
	Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)	冇
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	唔
	Singapore (Guangfu)	唔
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	唔
	Móng Cái	冇
Gan	Nanchang	不
	Lichuan	不
	Pingxiang	毋
	Jianning	唔
Hakka	Meixian	唔
	Xingning	唔
	Huidong (Daling)	唔
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	唔
	Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)	唔
	Changting	唔
	Shanghang	唔
	Wuping	唔
	Wuping (Pingyu)	唔
	Liancheng	唔
	Ninghua	唔, 不
	Qingliu	唔
	Yudu	唔
	Ruijin	唔
	Shicheng	唔
	Shangyou (Shexi)	唔
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	毋
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	毋
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	毋
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	毋
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	毋
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	毋
Huizhou	Jixi	不
	Shexian	不
Jin	Taiyuan	不
	Yangyuan	不
	Datong	不
	Xinzhou	不
	Lishi	不
	Linfen	不
	Changzhi	不
	Linhe	不
	Jining	不
	Hohhot	不
	Erenhot	不
	Pingshan	不
	Zhangjiakou	不
	Handan	不
	Linzhou	不
	Suide	不
Northern Min	Jian'ou	伓, 𣍐
	Songxi	唔, 𣍐
	Zhenghe	唔, 𣍐
	Pucheng (Shibei)	伓, 𣍐
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	伓, 𣍐
	Changle	伓, 𣍐
	Lianjiang	伓, 𣍐
	Fuqing	伓, 𣍐
	Pingtan	伓, 𣍐
	Yongtai	伓, 𣍐
	Minqing	伓, 𣍐
	Gutian	伓, 𣍐
	Pingnan	伓, 𣍐
	Luoyuan	伓, 𣍐
	Fu'an	伓, 𣍐
	Ningde	伓, 𣍐
	Xiapu	伓, 𣍐
	Zherong	伓, 𣍐
	Shouning	伓, 𣍐
	Zhouning	伓, 𣍐
	Fuding	伓, 𣍐
	Matsu	伓, 𣍐
Southern Min	Xiamen	毋, 𣍐, 無
	Xiamen (Tong'an)	毋, 𣍐, 無
	Quanzhou	毋, 𣍐, 無
	Jinjiang	毋, 𣍐, 無
	Nan'an	毋, 𣍐, 無
	Shishi	毋, 𣍐, 無
	Hui'an	毋, 𣍐, 無
	Anxi	毋, 𣍐, 無
	Yongchun	毋, 𣍐, 無
	Dehua	毋, 𣍐, 無
	Zhangzhou	毋, 𣍐, 無
	Zhangzhou (Longhai)	毋, 𣍐, 無
	Zhangzhou (Changtai)	毋, 𣍐, 無
	Hua'an	毋, 𣍐, 無
	Nanjing	毋, 𣍐, 無
	Pinghe	毋, 𣍐, 無
	Zhangpu	毋, 𣍐, 無
	Yunxiao	毋, 𣍐, 無
	Zhao'an	毋, 𣍐, 無
	Dongshan	毋, 𣍐, 無
	Taipei	毋, 𣍐, 無
	Kaohsiung	毋, 𣍐, 無
	Tainan	毋, 𣍐, 無
	Kinmen	毋, 𣍐, 無
	Penang (Hokkien)	毋, 𣍐, 無
	Singapore (Hokkien)	毋, 𣍐, 無
	Manila (Hokkien)	毋, 𣍐, 無
	Datian	毋, 𣍐
	Chaozhou	唔, 𣍐, 無
	Shantou	唔, 𣍐, 無
	Jieyang	唔
	Haifeng	唔
	Singapore (Teochew)	唔, 𣍐, 無
	Batam (Teochew)	唔, 𣍐, 無
	Pontianak (Teochew)	唔
	Leizhou	伓
	Wenchang	無
	Haikou	無
	Singapore (Hainanese)	無
Puxian Min	Putian	伓, 𣍐
	Xianyou	伓, 𣍐
Central Min	Yong'an	伓, 𣍐
	Shaxian	伓, 𣍐
Shaojiang Min	Shaowu	冒, 唔
	Guangze	唔
	Jiangle	唔
	Mingxi	唔
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	冇
Wu	Shanghai	勿
	Shanghai (Chongming)	弗, 勿
	Suzhou	弗
	Wuxi	弗
	Danyang	弗
	Hangzhou	不
	Ningbo	勿, 嘸沒
	Wenzhou	不
	Lishui	弗
	Qingyuan	否
	Jinhua	弗
Xiang	Changsha	不, 唔
	Loudi	不
	Shuangfeng	不

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Japanese

Kanji

伓

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• On (unclassified): はい (hai); へ (he); ひ (hi)