刃
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Translingual
Japanese | 刃 |
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Simplified | 刃 |
Traditional | 刃 |
Alternative forms
Note the compositional differences between traditional, simplified, and Japanese shinjitai in the placement of the additional stroke.
Han character
刃 (Kangxi radical 18, 刀+1, 3 strokes, cangjie input 尸竹戈 (SHI), four-corner 17420, composition ⿹刀丿(G) or ⿹刀丶(HTKV) or ⿻刀丶(J))
Derived characters
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 136, character 2
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1850
- Dae Jaweon: page 304, character 7
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 320, character 3
- Unihan data for U+5203
Chinese
trad. | 刃 | |
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simp. # | 刃 |
Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 刃 | |||
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Shang | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Oracle bone script | Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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Ideogrammic compound (會意/会意) : 刀 (“knife”) + 丶.
Pronunciation
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Definitions
Compounds
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Japanese
Kanji
Readings
- Go-on: にん (nin)
- Kan-on: じん (jin, Jōyō)
- Kun: は (ha, 刃, Jōyō); やいば (yaiba, 刃); な (na, 刃); きる (kiru, 刃る)
- Nanori: ち (chi); と (to)
Compounds
Alternative forms
Kanji in this term |
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刃 |
は Grade: S |
kun'yomi |
Etymology 1
/pa/ → /fa/ → /ha/
From Old Japanese.
Cognate with 歯 (ha, “tooth”).[1][2] Possibly also related to 葉 (ha, “leaf”). Compare English blade.
Pronunciation
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Noun
Derived terms
Etymology 2
Kanji in this term |
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刃 |
やいば Grade: S |
kun'yomi |
/jaki pa/ → /jakiba/ → /jaĩba/ → /jaiba/
Shift from 焼き刃 (yakiba), a compound of 焼き (yaki, “burned, fired”) + 刃 (ha, “edge, blade”, see above).[1][2] The ha changes to ba as an instance of rendaku (連濁).
Pronunciation
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Noun
- a forged blade, such as a sword
- the wavy pattern formed in the metal on the surface of a forged blade
- a sword or similar edged weapon
- something sharp like a sword
- someone or something powerful
Derived terms
- 氷の刃 (kōri no yaiba)
- 心の刃 (kokoro no yaiba)
- 邪見の刃 (jaken no yaiba)
- 情けに刃向かう刃なし (nasake ni hamukau yaiba nashi)
Idioms
- 刃に掛かる (yaiba ni kakaru)
- 刃に伏す (yaiba ni fusu)
- 刃は切れるが重宝 (yaiba wa kireru ga chōhō): “for a blade, cutting [sharpness] is precious” → the highest value of a tool is its ability to do what it is designed for
Etymology 3
Kanji in this term |
---|
刃 |
な Grade: S |
kun'yomi |
From Old Japanese.[1][2] Possibly cognate with Korean 날 (nal, “blade”).
Obsolete in modern Japanese. Only found as an element in compounds.
Pronunciation
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Noun
- (obsolete) a blade, edge
- ,[3] text here
- 劔大刀名惜雲吾者無君尓不相而年之経去礼者 [Man'yōgana]
- 剣太刀名の惜しけくも我れはなし君に逢はずて年の経ぬれば [Modern spelling]
- tsurugitachi na no oshikeku mo ware wa nashi kimi ni awazute toshi no henureba
- I do not even miss precious you, given the years that have passed without meeting with you.
- [Note: tsurugi tachi (“sword”) is a pillow word establishing a poetic association with the following na, literally meaning blade or edge and alluding to sharpness and importance. This na could also elliptically mean name (名 na) or even you (汝 na), depending on context, based on the homophonic readings.]
- ,[3] text here
Derived terms
- 刀 (katana)
Etymology 4
Kanji in this term |
---|
刃 |
じん Grade: S |
kan'on |
From Middle Chinese 刃 (MC nyinH).
Pronunciation
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Noun
Idioms
- 刃に伏す (jin ni fusu)
- 刃を迎えて解く (jin o mukaete toku): “to fall before the blade” → a metaphor for extreme strength or power
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ Satake, Akihiro with Hideo Yamada, Rikio Kudō, Masao Ōtani, and Yoshiyuki Yamazaki (c. 759) Shin Nihon Koten Bungaku Taikei 1: Man’yōshū 1 (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, published 1999, →ISBN.
Korean
Hanja
刃 (eum 인 (in))
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Vietnamese
Han character
刃: Hán Nôm readings: nhẫn, nhấn, nhận
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