洲

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

洲 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 水戈中中 (EILL), four-corner 3210₀, composition ⿰氵州)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 622, character 9
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17413
• Dae Jaweon: page 1018, character 7
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1616, character 6
• Unihan data for U+6D32

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Chinese

trad.		洲
simp. #		洲

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (州) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
洲	*tju
州	*tju
喌	*tju, *tjuɡ
酬	*dju
詶	*dju, *djus

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tju) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 州 (OC *tju).

Etymology

Unknown.

According to the Erya and the Shiming, the following characters show some notable semantic relations (Schuessler, 2007)

渚 (OC *tjaʔ, “islet”) is smaller than 洲 (OC *tju)

沚 (OC *kjɯʔ, “islet”) is smaller than 渚 (OC *tjaʔ)

坻 (OC *tiːlʔ, *tjelʔ, *dil, “islet”) is smaller than 沚 (OC *kjɯʔ)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zhōu (zhou¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄓㄡ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zau¹
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chû
• Northern Min (KCR): ciú
• Eastern Min (BUC): ciŭ
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): chiu

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ziu¹

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹tseu

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhōu
    • Zhuyin: ㄓㄡ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhou
    • Wade–Giles: chou¹
    • Yale: jōu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jou
    • Palladius: чжоу (čžou)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: zau¹
    • Yale: jāu
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzau¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: zeo¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chû
    • Hakka Romanization System: zu´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: zu¹
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡su²⁴/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ciú
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siu⁵⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: ciŭ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sieu⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiu
    • Tâi-lô: tsiu
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ciw
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡siu⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siu³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡siu⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡siu⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡siu⁴⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: ziu¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsiu
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siu³³/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ¹tseu
    • MiniDict: tseu^平
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹tseu
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sɤ⁵³/

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• Middle Chinese: tsyuw

Rime
Character	洲
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	尤 (136)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	職流切
Baxter	tsyuw
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕɨu/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕiu/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕiəu/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/cuw/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕiu/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕĭəu/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡ɕi̯ə̯u/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhōu
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zau1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*tu/

  (Zhengzhang): /*tju/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	洲
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhōu
Middle Chinese	‹ tsyuw ›
Old Chinese	/*tu/
English	islet
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	洲
Reading #	1/1
No.	17492
Phonetic component	州
Rime group	幽
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	周
Old Chinese	/*tju/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 洲

1. islet in a river

   • 關關雎鳩，在河之洲。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
     关关雎鸠，在河之洲。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Guānguān jūjiū, zài hé zhī zhōu. [Pinyin]

     Guan-guan go the ospreys, On the islet in the river.

2. continent
3. a surname

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Japanese

Kanji

洲

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

1. continent

Readings

• Go-on: す (su)
• Kan-on: しゅう (shū)
• Kun: しま (shima, 洲)

Compounds

• 欧洲
• 大八洲
• 川洲
• 五大洲
• 三角洲
• 満洲
• 中洲
• 八洲
• 八洲国
• 坐洲, 座洲
• 大八洲国
• 濠洲 (ごうしゅう, ​Gōshū)
• 白洲
• 砂洲

 

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Korean

Hanja

洲 • (ju) (hangeul 주, McCune–Reischauer chu, Yale cwu)

1. continent

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Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 洲 (chao, châu)

1. continent

References

• Thiều Chửu : Hán Việt Tự Điển Hà Nội 1942
• Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
• Vũ Văn Kính: Đại Tự Điển Chữ Nôm, NXB Văn Nghệ, Ho Chi Minh Ville