濡

Translingual

Etymology

氵+需

Han character

濡 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+14, 17 strokes, cangjie input 水一月月 (EMBB), four-corner 3112₇, composition ⿰氵需)

1. immerse, moisten
2. wet, damp

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 656, character 8
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18504
• Dae Jaweon: page 1066, character 12
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1768, character 3
• Unihan data for U+6FE1

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Chinese

trad.		濡
simp. #		濡

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (需) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
羺	*noː
獳	*noː
擩	*noːs, *njoʔ, *njos, *njul, *njod
譳	*noːs
懦	*noːls, *njo
糯	*noːls
需	*sno
繻	*sno, *njo
鑐	*sno
儒	*njo
濡	*njo, *noːn
襦	*njo
嚅	*njo
顬	*njo
鱬	*njo
嬬	*njo
臑	*njo
醹	*njo, *njoʔ
蠕	*njo
孺	*njos

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *njo, *noːn) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 需 (OC *sno).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): rú (ru²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄖㄨˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jyu⁴
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): jû / su

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: rú
    • Zhuyin: ㄖㄨˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: rú
    • Wade–Giles: ju²
    • Yale: rú
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ru
    • Palladius: жу (žu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʐu³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: jyu⁴
    • Yale: yùh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jy⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: yu⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jyː²¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jû / su
    • Tâi-lô: jû / su
    • Phofsit Daibuun: juu, sw
    • IPA (Xiamen): /d͡zu²⁴/, /su⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /d͡zu²⁴/, /su³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /d͡zu¹³/, /su⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /d͡zu²⁴/, /su⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /zu²³/, /su⁴⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: nyu, nwan

Rime
Character	濡	濡
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	日 (38)	泥 (8)
Final (韻)	虞 (24)	桓 (62)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Closed
Division (等)	III	I
Fanqie	人朱切	乃官切
Baxter	nyu	nwan
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ȵɨo/	/nuɑn/
Pan Wuyun	/ȵio/	/nʷɑn/
Shao Rongfen	/ȵʑio/	/nuɑn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ȵuə̆/	/nwan/
Li Rong	/ȵio/	/nuɑn/
Wang Li	/ȵʑĭu/	/nuɑn/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȵʑi̯u/	/nuɑn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	rú	nuán
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jyu4	nyun4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*no/

  (Zhengzhang): /*njo/, /*noːn/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	濡
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	rú
Middle Chinese	‹ nyu ›
Old Chinese	/*no/
English	wet, glossy
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	濡	濡
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	13970	13986
Phonetic component	需	需
Rime group	侯	元
Rime subdivision	0	3
Corresponding MC rime	儒	濡
Old Chinese	/*njo/	/*noːn/
Notes	需轉註字	原列寒韻末，集韻列桓韻

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 濡

1. immerse, moisten
2. wet, damp

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Japanese

Kanji

濡

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

1. wet

Readings

• Go-on: にゅう (nyū)
• Kan-on: じゅ (ju)
• Kun: ぬれる (nureru, 濡れる); ぬれる (nureru, 濡る); ぬらす (nurasu, 濡らす); ぬらす (nurasu, 濡す); うるおう (uruou, 濡う); うるおす (uruosu, 濡す)

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Korean

Hanja

濡 (eum 유 (yu))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

濡: Hán Nôm readings: nhụa

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.