儒

儒 U+5112, 儒 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5112 ← 儑 [U+5111] CJK Unified Ideographs 儓 → [U+5113]

Translingual

Han character

儒 (radical 9, 人+14, 16 strokes, cangjie input 人一月月 (OMBB), four-corner 2122₇, composition ⿰亻需)

Derived characters

• 𡃽, 𮒯

References

• KangXi: page 119, character 30
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1220
• Dae Jaweon: page 253, character 8
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 230, character 9
• Unihan data for U+5112

---

Chinese

simp. and trad.		儒
alternative forms		⿰亻入 second round simplified

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 儒
Small seal script s05667 Transcribed ancient scripts L30678 L30679 L30680 L03118 L03119 L03120 L03121 L03111 L03112 L03113 L03114 L03115 L03116 L03117
References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (需) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
羺	*noː
獳	*noː
擩	*noːs, *njoʔ, *njos, *njul, *njod
譳	*noːs
懦	*noːls, *njo
糯	*noːls
需	*sno
繻	*sno, *njo
鑐	*sno
儒	*njo
濡	*njo, *noːn
襦	*njo
嚅	*njo
顬	*njo
鱬	*njo
嬬	*njo
臑	*njo
醹	*njo, *njoʔ
蠕	*njo
孺	*njos

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): rú (ru²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄖㄨˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jyu⁴
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yì
• Min Bei (KCR): ṳ̌
• Min Dong (BUC): ṳ̀
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): lû / jû / jî

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ru⁵

• Wu (Wiktionary): zr (T3)

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: rú
    • Zhuyin: ㄖㄨˊ
    • Wade–Giles: ju2
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ru
    • Tongyong Pinyin: rú
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʐu³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: jyu⁴
    • Yale: yùh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jy⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: yu⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jyː²¹/
• Hakka
  • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yì
    • Hakka Romanization System: iˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yi²
    • Sinological IPA: /i¹¹/
  • (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yì
    • Hakka Romanization System: (r)iˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yi²
    • Sinological IPA: /(j)i¹¹/
• Min Bei
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ṳ̌
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /y²¹/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: ṳ̀
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /y⁵³/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Taipei, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lû
    • Tâi-lô: lû
    • Phofsit Daibuun: luu
    • IPA (Quanzhou, Taipei, Xiamen): /lu²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Kaohsiung)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jû
    • Tâi-lô: jû
    • Phofsit Daibuun: juu
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /zu²³/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jî
    • Tâi-lô: jî
    • Phofsit Daibuun: jii
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /d͡ʑi¹³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: ru⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: jû
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /d͡zu⁵⁵/
• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wiktionary: zr (T3)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /z̻z̩²³/

---

• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 儒
Mandarin	Beijing	/ʐu³⁵/
	Harbin	/lu²¹³/ /ʐu²¹³/
	Tianjin	/ʐu⁴⁵/
	Jinan	/lu⁵⁵/
	Qingdao	/y⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/ʐu⁴²/
	Xi'an	/vu²⁴/
	Xining	/v̩²⁴/
	Yinchuan	/ʐu⁵³/
	Lanzhou	/vu⁵³/
	Ürümqi	/ʐu⁵¹/ /vu⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/y²¹³/
	Chengdu	/zu³¹/
	Guiyang	/zu²¹/
	Kunming	/ʐu²¹²/
	Nanjing	/ʐu²⁴/
	Hefei	/ʐu²⁴/
Jin	Taiyuan	/zu⁵³/
	Pingyao	/zz̩ʷ¹³/
	Hohhot	/ʐu⁵³/
Wu	Shanghai	/zz̩²³/
	Suzhou	/zz̩ʷ¹³/
	Hangzhou	/zz̩ʷ²¹³/
	Wenzhou	/zz̩³¹/
Hui	Shexian	/y⁴⁴/
	Tunxi	/y⁴⁴/
Xiang	Changsha	/y¹³/
	Xiangtan	/y¹²/
Gan	Nanchang	/ɵ⁴⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/i¹¹/
	Taoyuan	/ʒï¹¹/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/jy²¹/
	Nanning	/y²¹/
	Hong Kong	/jy²¹/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/lu³⁵/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/y⁵³/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/y²¹/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/zu⁵⁵/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/zu³¹/ /zi³¹/

---

• Middle Chinese: /ȵɨo/

Rime
Character	儒
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	日 (38)
Final (韻)	虞 (24)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	人朱切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ȵɨo/
Pan Wuyun	/ȵio/
Shao Rongfen	/ȵʑio/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ȵuə̆/
Li Rong	/ȵio/
Wang Li	/ȵʑĭu/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȵʑi̯u/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	rú

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*no/

  (Zhengzhang): /*njo/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	儒
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	rú
Middle Chinese	‹ nyu ›
Old Chinese	/*no/
English	侏儒 zhūrú "dwarf", scholar, Confucianism (not in original list)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	儒
Reading #	1/1
No.	13969
Phonetic component	需
Rime group	侯
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	儒
Old Chinese	/*njo/

Definitions

儒

1. scholar
2. Confucianism

Compounds

• 世儒
• 侏儒 (zhūrú)
• 侏儒症 (zhūrúzhèng)
• 侏儒觀戰／侏儒观战
• 俗儒
• 俚儒
• 僻儒
• 儒冠
• 儒士 (rúshì)
• 儒學／儒学 (rúxué)
• 儒宗
• 儒家 (rújiā)
• 儒將／儒将
• 儒巾
• 儒教 (rújiào)
• 儒林 (rúlín)
• 儒林外史 (Rúlín Wàishǐ)
• 儒業／儒业
• 儒生 (rúshēng)
• 儒略曆／儒略历 (rúlüèlì)
• 儒者 (rúzhě)
• 儒艮 (rúgèn)
• 儒術／儒术 (rúshù)
• 儒醫／儒医 (rúyī)

• 儒雅 (rúyǎ)
• 儒風／儒风
• 先儒
• 八儒
• 博學鴻儒／博学鸿儒
• 名儒 (míngrú)
• 坑儒
• 夙儒
• 大儒
• 宋儒
• 宏儒碩學／宏儒硕学
• 宿儒
• 宿學舊儒／宿学旧儒
• 崇儒
• 拘儒
• 拘拘儒儒
• 散儒
• 新儒學／新儒学
• 溫文儒雅／温文儒雅
• 焚書坑儒／焚书坑儒 (fénshūkēngrú)
• 燔書坑儒／燔书坑儒
• 犬儒學派／犬儒学派
• 瑰儒
• 當世儒宗／当世儒宗

• 盜儒／盗儒
• 瞀儒
• 碩儒／硕儒
• 碩學通儒／硕学通儒
• 碩彥名儒／硕彦名儒
• 穴見小儒／穴见小儒
• 章句儒
• 老儒
• 老師宿儒／老师宿儒
• 耆儒
• 耆儒碩德／耆儒硕德
• 耆儒碩望／耆儒硕望
• 耆儒碩老／耆儒硕老
• 腐儒
• 英儒
• 豎儒／竖儒 (shùrú)
• 賈儒商秀／贾儒商秀
• 迂儒
• 通儒 (tōngrú)
• 醇儒
• 陋儒
• 陽儒陰釋／阳儒阴释
• 風流儒雅／风流儒雅
• 鴻儒／鸿儒

---

Japanese

Kanji

儒

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: にゅう (nyū)
• Kan-on: じゅ (ju, Jōyō)
• Kun: やわらか (yawaraka); うるおす (uruosu); したがう (shitagau)

Compounds

• 儒学(じゅがく) (jugaku)
• 儒教(じゅきょう) (jukyō)

---

Korean

Hanja

儒 (eumhun 선비 유 (seonbi yu))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

---

Vietnamese

Han character

儒: Hán Nôm readings: nho, nhu, nhô

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.