紐

See also: 纽

紐 U+7D10, 紐 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7D10 ← 紏 [U+7D0F] CJK Unified Ideographs 紑 → [U+7D11]

紐 U+F9CF, 紐 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F9CF ← 硫 [U+F9CE] CJK Compatibility Ideographs 類 → [U+F9D0]

Translingual

Han character

紐 (Kangxi radical 120, 糸+4, 10 strokes, cangjie input 女火弓土 (VFNG), four-corner 2791₅, composition ⿰糹丑)

1. knot
2. button
3. handle, knob
4. tie

Derived characters

• 𦶆(𬜺)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 916, character 22
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 27268
• Dae Jaweon: page 1346, character 4
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3377, character 7
• Unihan data for U+7D10

• Unihan data for U+F9CF

Chinese

trad.		紐
simp.		纽

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 紐
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (丑) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
峱	*nuː
紐	*nuʔ
扭	*nuʔ, *tnuʔ
狃	*nuʔ, *nus
鈕	*nuʔ
忸	*nuʔ, *nuɡ
杻	*nuʔ, *n̥ʰuʔ
莥	*nuʔ
羞	*snu
丑	*n̥ʰuʔ
沑	*njuʔ, *nuɡ
粈	*njuʔ
衄	*nuɡ, *njuɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *nuʔ): semantic 糸 (“silk”) + phonetic 丑 (OC *n̥ʰuʔ) – a handle. However, the phonetic component indicates either an animal claw or a hand, hence it adds part of the meaning.

Etymology

Possibly from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *sV-na(r) (“nose”); see there for more discussion.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): niǔ (niu³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄋㄧㄡˇ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): nyiu³

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): nau² / nau⁵

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): niu²

• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): néu

  (Hailu, HRS): neu^ˊ

  (Meixian, Guangdong): ngiu³ / nêu³

• Jin (Wiktionary): niou²
• Northern Min (KCR): niǔ
• Eastern Min (BUC): niū
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): diu³ / liu³
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): liú / niú

  (Teochew, Peng'im): niu²

• Wu (Northern, Wugniu): ⁶gnieu / ⁶ngeu; ⁶gnieu
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): nyiou³

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: niǔ
    • Zhuyin: ㄋㄧㄡˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: niǒu
    • Wade–Giles: niu³
    • Yale: nyǒu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: neou
    • Palladius: ню (nju)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ni̯oʊ̯²¹⁴/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: nyiu³
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: niu
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nʲiəu⁵³/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: nau² / nau⁵
    • Yale: náu / náuh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: nau² / nau⁵
    • Guangdong Romanization: neo² / neo⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nɐu̯³⁵/, /nɐu̯¹³/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: niu²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ⁿdiu⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: néu
    • Hakka Romanization System: neu^ˋ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: neu³
    • Sinological IPA: /neu̯³¹/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: neu^ˊ
    • Sinological IPA: /neu²⁴/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: ngiu³ / nêu³
    • Sinological IPA: /ŋiu³¹/, /neu³¹/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: niou²
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /niəu⁵³/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: niǔ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /niu²¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: niū
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nˡieu³³/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: diu³
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: diû
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tiu⁴⁵³/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: liu³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /liu³³²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese, Singapore)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: liú
    • Tâi-lô: liú
    • Phofsit Daibuun: liuo
    • Sinological IPA (Singapore): /liu⁴²/
    • Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /liu⁴¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /liu⁵⁵⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /liu⁵³/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: niú
    • Tâi-lô: niú
    • Phofsit Daibuun: niuo
    • Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /niũ⁵⁵⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /niũ⁵³/
    • Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /niũ⁵³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: niu²
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: niú
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /niu⁵²/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶gnieu
    • MiniDict: nyeu^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³nyieu
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /n̠ʲiɤ²³/
  • (Northern: Suzhou)
    • Wugniu: ⁶ngeu; ⁶gnieu
    • MiniDict: ngeu^去; nyeu^去
    • Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /ŋøy²³¹/, /n̠ʲʏ²³¹/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: nyiou³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /n̠ʲi̯əu̯⁴¹/

---

• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 紐
Mandarin	Beijing	/niou²¹⁴/
	Harbin	/niou²¹³/
	Tianjin	/niou¹³/
	Jinan	/ȵiou⁵⁵/
	Qingdao	/niou⁵⁵/
	Zhengzhou	/niou⁵³/
	Xi'an	/niou⁵³/
	Xining	/ȵiɯ⁵³/
	Yinchuan	/niəu⁵³/
	Lanzhou	/liou⁴⁴²/
	Ürümqi	/ȵiɤu⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/niəu⁴²/
	Chengdu	/ȵiəu⁵³/
	Guiyang	/niəu⁴²/
	Kunming	/niəu⁵³/
	Nanjing	/liəɯ²¹²/
	Hefei	/liɯ²⁴/
Jin	Taiyuan	/niəu⁵³/
	Pingyao	/ɳəu⁵³/
	Hohhot	/niəu⁵³/
Wu	Shanghai	/ȵiɤ²³/
	Suzhou	/ȵiɤ³¹/
	Hangzhou	/ȵiø⁵³/
	Wenzhou	/ȵau³⁵/
Hui	Shexian	/niu³⁵/
	Tunxi	/ȵiun²⁴/
Xiang	Changsha	/ȵiəu⁴¹/
	Xiangtan	/ȵiəɯ⁴²/
Gan	Nanchang
Hakka	Meixian	/ŋiu³¹/
	Taoyuan	/neu³¹/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/nɐu³⁵/
	Nanning	/nɐu³⁵/
	Hong Kong	/nɐu³⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/liu⁵³/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/nieu³²/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/niu²¹/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/nĩu⁵³/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/niu²¹³/ /nau³³/

---

• Middle Chinese: nrjuwX

Rime
Character	紐
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	娘 (12)
Final (韻)	尤 (136)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	女久切
Baxter	nrjuwX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɳɨuX/
Pan Wuyun	/ɳiuX/
Shao Rongfen	/niəuX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɳuwX/
Li Rong	/niuX/
Wang Li	/nĭəuX/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ni̯ə̯uX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	niǔ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	nau5

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*n<r>uʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*nuʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	紐
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	niǔ
Middle Chinese	‹ nrjuwX ›
Old Chinese	/*n<r>uʔ/
English	fastener
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	紐
Reading #	1/1
No.	1517
Phonetic component	丑
Rime group	幽
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	狃
Old Chinese	/*nuʔ/

Definitions

紐

1. button (Classifier: 粒 c)

   Alternative form: 鈕 / 钮 (niǔ)

2. handle; knob

   秤紐／秤纽  ―  chèngniǔ  ―  lifting cord of a steelyard

3. pivot; hub

   樞紐／枢纽  ―  shūniǔ  ―  hub

   紐帶／纽带  ―  niǔdài  ―  bond; tie

4. a surname
5. transliteration for "New" in place names; e.g. 紐約 / 纽约 (Niǔyuē), 紐西蘭 / 纽西兰 (Niǔxīlán).

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 紐扣 (“button”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		扣, 衣扣
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	扣子, 扣兒, 紐兒 Chinese-stye
	Taiwan	扣子
	Harbin	扣兒 Western-style
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	扣子, 紐扣兒
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	扣兒
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	扣兒
	Wanrong	扣子 Western-style
	Xi'an	扣子 disc, 紐子, 紐門兒疙瘩 ball
	Xining	扣子
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	紐子 Western-style, 紐子疙瘩 knot
	Ürümqi	扣子, 紐子 Chinese-style
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	扣子 Western-style, 紐子
	Wuhan	扣子
	Guiyang	扣子, 紐子 Chinese-style, 紐扣 Chinese-style
	Liuzhou	扣子
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	扣子 Western-style, 紐扣 Western-style, 紐子, 紐兒 old-style ball
	Yangzhou	紐子
Cantonese	Guangzhou	紐
	Hong Kong	紐
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou)	紐
	Macau	紐
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	紐
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	紐
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	紐
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	紐
	Foshan	紐
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	紐
	Foshan (Shunde)	紐
	Foshan (Sanshui)	紐
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	紐
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	紐
	Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	紐
	Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	紐
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	紐
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	紐
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	紐
	Taishan	紐
	Kaiping (Chikan)	紐
	Enping (Niujiang)	紐
	Heshan (Yayao)	紐
	Dongguan	紐
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	紐
Gan	Nanchang	扣子
	Lichuan	扣仔 new-style, 扣子 new-style, 跪兒 old-style
	Pingxiang	扣子
Hakka	Meixian	紐公仔 Chinese-style, 扣仔 Western-style, 紐仔
	Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua)	紐
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	紐
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	紐
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	紐
	Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua)	紐扣
	Yudu	扣子 disc, 紐子 knot
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	紐仔
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	紐仔, 扣仔
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	紐仔
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	紐
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	紐仔, 紐
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	紐子
Huizhou	Jixi	扣子
Jin	Taiyuan	扣扣, 扣疙瘩 Chinese-style
	Xinzhou	扣子 Western-style
Northern Min	Jian'ou	紐仔
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	扣, 扣扣, 扣門 Chinese-stye
Southern Min	Xiamen	紐仔
	Quanzhou	紐仔
	Zhangzhou	紐仔
	Zhao'an	紐扣
	Taipei	紐仔
	New Taipei (Tamsui)	紐仔
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	紐仔
	New Taipei (Pingxi)	紐仔
	Kaohsiung	紐仔
	Kaohsiung (Cijin)	紐仔
	Kaohsiung (Hongmaogang, Siaogang)	紐仔
	Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang)	紐仔
	Kaohsiung (Tianliao)	紐仔
	Yilan (Luodong)	紐仔
	Yilan (Toucheng)	紐仔
	Changhua (Yongjing)	紐仔
	Tainan	紐仔
	Tainan (Anping)	紐仔
	Pingtung (Baoli, Checheng)	紐仔
	Kinmen	紐仔
	Penghu (Magong)	紐仔
	Penghu (Xiyu)	紐仔
	Singapore (Hokkien)	紐仔
	Manila (Hokkien)	紐仔
	Shantou	紐
	Shantou (Chenghai)	紐
	Jieyang	紐
	Haikou	紐
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	紐
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	扣子
Wu	Shanghai	紐子, 紐頭 Chinese-style
	Shanghai (Chongming)	紐子 Western-style, 紐頭 Chinese-style
	Suzhou	紐子 ball, 紐頭 disc
	Wuxi	紐頭
	Danyang	紐扣, 紐子子
	Hangzhou	紐扣兒 Chinese-style, 扣兒
	Ningbo	紐子 Western-style
	Jinhua	紐子兒
Xiang	Changsha	扣子 Western-style, 扣它子 Chinese-style
	Loudi	扣子

Compounds

• 反紐 / 反纽
• 旁紐 / 旁纽
• 樞紐 / 枢纽 (shūniǔ)
• 水利樞紐 / 水利枢纽
• 秤紐 / 秤纽 (chèngniǔ)
• 紐帶 / 纽带 (niǔdài)
• 紐扣 / 纽扣 (niǔkòu)
• 紐捏 / 纽捏
• 紐捽 / 纽捽
• 紐約 / 纽约 (Niǔyuē)
• 紐約州 / 纽约州
• 紐約影展 / 纽约影展
• 紐芬蘭 / 纽芬兰 (Niǔfēnlán)
• 紐襻兒 / 纽襻儿
• 紐西蘭 / 纽西兰 (Niǔxīlán)
• 紐門 / 纽门
• 聲紐 / 声纽
• 解紐 / 解纽
• 關紐 / 关纽
• 電紐 / 电纽
• 龜紐 / 龟纽

Japanese

Kanji

紐

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: にゅう (nyū)^{←にう (niu, historical)}
• Kan-on: じゅう (jū)^{←ぢう (diu, historical)}
• Kan’yō-on: ちゅう (chū)^{←ちう (tiu, historical)}
• Kun: ひも (himo, 紐)

Compounds

• 紐帯(ちゅうたい) (chūtai)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
紐
ひも Jinmeiyō
kun'yomi

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) ひも [hìmó] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [çimo̞]

Noun

紐(ひも) • (himo)  (counter 本)

1. string, cord, laces

   紐(ひも)で縛(しば)る

   himo de shibaru

   to bind with string

   靴(くつ)の紐(ひも)

   kutsu no himo

   shoelaces

2. (often kana) restrictions, conditions

   計画(けいかく)にはひもがついている。

   Keikaku ni wa himo ga tsuiteiru.

   The plan comes with some strings attached.

3. pimp (man who financially relies on managing prostitutes)
4. freeloader (one who financially relies on another person)

   ヒモ生活(せいかつ)

   himo seikatsu

   living as a freeloader

5. (shellfish, malacology) mantle
6. (food) intestine, chitterlings

Derived terms

• ヒモ男(おとこ) (himo otoko, “a husband financial dependent upon his wife”)
• 紐鶏頭(ヒモゲイトウ) (himogeitō)
• 紐蔓(ヒモヅル) (himozuru)
• 紐付(ひもつ)き (himotsuki)
• 紐虫(ひもむし) (himomushi)
• 紐理論(ひもりろん) (himoriron)
• 靴(くつ)紐(ひも) (kutsuhimo)
• 組(く)み紐(ひも) (kumihimo)
• 腰紐(こしひも) (koshihimo)
• 真田紐(さねだひも) (sanedahimo)
• 付(つ)け紐(ひも) (tsukehimo)
• 雪紐(ゆきひも) (yukihimo)

See also

• 糸(いと) (ito, “thread”)
• 縄(なわ) (nawa, “rope”)

References

• “^▲紐”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Korean

Hanja

紐 • (nyu>yu) (hangeul 뉴>유, revised nyu>yu, McCune–Reischauer nyu>yu, Yale nyu>yu)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Chữ Hán

紐: Hán Nôm readings: nữu, néo, nới, nỡi, nĩu, nữi, nửi, nõi

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.