葷

See also: 荤

葷 U+8477, 葷 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8477 ← 葶 [U+8476] CJK Unified Ideographs 葸 → [U+8478]

Translingual

Han character

葷 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+9, 15 strokes, cangjie input 廿月十十 (TBJJ), four-corner 4450₆, composition ⿱艹軍 or ⿱𫇦車)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1046, character 23
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31461
• Dae Jaweon: page 1508, character 2
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3257, character 4
• Unihan data for U+8477

Chinese

trad.		葷
simp.		荤

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 葷
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (軍) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
揮	*qʰul
輝	*qʰul
翬	*qʰul
暉	*qʰul
煇	*qʰul, *ɡuːn, *ɡuːnʔ
楎	*qʰul, *ɡuːn
瀈	*qʰul
韗	*qʰons, *ɢuns
褌	*kuːn
鶤	*kuːn, *ɢuns
緷	*kuːnʔ, *ɡuːnʔ, *ɢuns
睴	*kuːns, *ɡuːnʔ
璭	*kuːns
瘒	*ŋɡuːn
顐	*ŋɡuːn, *ŋɡuːns, *ɡuːn
諢	*ŋɡuːns
餫	*ɡuːn, *ɢuns
渾	*ɡuːn, *ɡuːnʔ
琿	*ɡuːn
鼲	*ɡuːn
堚	*ɡuːn
鯶	*ɡuːnʔ
軍	*kun
皸	*kun, *kuns
齳	*ŋɡunʔ
喗	*ŋɡunʔ
葷	*qʰun
惲	*qunʔ
賱	*qunʔ
運	*ɢuns
暈	*ɢuns
鄆	*ɢuns

Pronunciation 1

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): hūn (hun¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄣ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): fan¹
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hun
• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ¹huen
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): fen¹

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: hūn
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄣ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: hun
    • Wade–Giles: hun¹
    • Yale: hwūn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huen
    • Palladius: хунь (xunʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xu̯ən⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: fan¹
    • Yale: fān
    • Cantonese Pinyin: fan¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: fen¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɐn⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hun
    • Tâi-lô: hun
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hwn
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /hun⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hun³³/
• Wu
  • (Shanghai):
    • Wugniu: ¹huen
    • MiniDict: huen^平
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹hun
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /huən⁵³/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: fen¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɸən³³/

---

• Middle Chinese: xjun

Rime
Character	葷
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	曉 (32)
Final (韻)	文 (59)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	許云切
Baxter	xjun
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/hɨun/
Pan Wuyun	/hiun/
Shao Rongfen	/xiuən/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/hun/
Li Rong	/xiuən/
Wang Li	/xĭuən/
Bernard Karlgren	/xi̯uən/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xūn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fan1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*qʰu[n]/

  (Zhengzhang): /*qʰun/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	葷
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xūn
Middle Chinese	‹ xjun ›
Old Chinese	/*qʰu[n]/
English	Allium
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	葷
Reading #	1/1
No.	7338
Phonetic component	軍
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	薰
Old Chinese	/*qʰun/

Definitions

葷

1. (Buddhism) strong-smelling vegetables, such as spring onion, garlic and garlic chives
2. meat or fish dishes (as opposed to vegetarian dishes)
3. (figurative) low-class; obscene; vulgar; dirty

Compounds

• 七葷八素／七荤八素
• 不葷不素／不荤不素
• 二葷鋪／二荤铺
• 五葷／五荤 (wǔhūn)
• 冷葷／冷荤 (lěnghūn)
• 吃葷飯／吃荤饭
• 戒葷／戒荤
• 托葷鹹食／托荤咸食
• 茹葷／茹荤 (rúhūn)
• 葷允／荤允
• 葷湯臘水／荤汤腊水
• 葷笑話／荤笑话
• 葷粥／荤粥
• 葷素不忌／荤素不忌
• 葷腥／荤腥 (hūnxīng)
• 葷菜／荤菜 (hūncài)
• 葷辛／荤辛
• 葷食／荤食
• 開洋葷／开洋荤
• 開葷／开荤 (kāihūn)

 

Pronunciation 2

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xūn (xun¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄩㄣ

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xūn
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄩㄣ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: syun
    • Wade–Giles: hsün¹
    • Yale: syūn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiun
    • Palladius: сюнь (sjunʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕyn⁵⁵/

Definitions

葷

1. Only used in 葷粥／荤粥 and 葷鬻／荤鬻.

Japanese

Kanji

葷

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. strong smelling
2. strong smelling vegetable, esp. garlic, onion, Chinese chives (Allium tuberosum), Chinese scallion (Allium chinense), Allium macrostemon (Japanese garlic)
3. meat diet

Readings

• On (unclassified): くん (kun); ぐん (gun)
• Kun: なまぐさ (namagusa)

Compounds

Compounds

• 葷粥(くんいく) (kun'iku)
• 葷菜(くんさい) (kunsai)
• 葷酒(くんしゅ) (kunshu)
• 葷酒山門に入るを許さず (くんしゅさんもんにいるをゆるさず, kunshu sanmon ni iru o yurusazu)
• 葷辛(くんしん) (kunshin)
• 葷羶(くんせん) (kunsen)
• 五葷(ごくん) (gokun)

Korean

Hanja

葷 • (hun) (hangeul 훈, McCune–Reischauer hun, Yale hwun)

1. meat diet
2. strong smelling

Vietnamese

Han character

葷: Hán Nôm readings: huân, hôi

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