靴

Translingual

Han character

靴 (Kangxi radical 177, 革+4, 13 strokes, cangjie input 廿十人心 (TJOP), four-corner 4451₀, composition ⿰革化)

Derived characters

• 㗾, 𢶤, 𬩑, 𫫸, 𬆌

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1385, character 19
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 42729
• Dae Jaweon: page 1900, character 10
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4327, character 21
• Unihan data for U+9774

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Chinese

trad.		靴
simp. #		靴
alternative forms		鞾／靴 𩎁 韡／𮧵 𩍇 𡲲 鞾／靴 𩎁 韡／𮧵 𩍇 𡲲 㞜 𩋖 𩋾 𩍍 ⿰又化 (second-round simplified)

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (化) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
訛	*ŋʷaːl
吪	*ŋʷaːl
鈋	*ŋʷaːl
囮	*lu, *ŋʷaːl
魤	*ŋʷaːl
靴	*hʷa
貨	*hŋʷaːls
花	*hʷraː
化	*hŋʷraːls
杹	*hŋʷraːls
匕	*pilʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hʷa) : semantic 革 (“leather”) + phonetic 化 (OC *hŋʷraːls).

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 靴

1. boot (footwear)

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 靴子 (“boot”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		靴
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		靴子
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	靴子
	Taiwan	靴子
	Singapore	靴子
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	靴子
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	靴仔
	Wanrong	靴子
	Xi'an	靴子
	Xining	靴子
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	靴子
	Lanzhou	靴子
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	靴子
	Wuhan	靴子
	Guilin	靴子
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	靴子
	Hefei	深筒鞋, 深筒靴
Cantonese	Guangzhou	靴
	Hong Kong	靴
	Dongguan	靴
	Yangjiang	靴
Gan	Nanchang	靴子
	Lichuan	靴仔
Hakka	Meixian	靴仔
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	靴仔
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	靴仔
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	靴仔
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	靴
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	靴仔
Huizhou	Jixi	靴
Jin	Taiyuan	靴子
	Xinzhou	靴兒子
Northern Min	Jian'ou	靴
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	靴
Southern Min	Xiamen	靴
	Tainan	靴
	Chaozhou	靴
Waxiang	Guzhang (Gaofeng)	靴
Wu	Shanghai	靴
	Suzhou	靴
	Danyang	靴
	Wenzhou	靴
Xiang	Changsha	靴子
	Shuangfeng	靴子

Compounds

(deprecated template usage)

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Japanese

Kanji

靴

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

Readings

• Go-on: け (ke)
• Kan-on: か (ka, Jōyō)^{←くわ (kwa, historical)}
• Kun: くつ (kutsu, 靴, Jōyō)

Etymology

⟨kutu⟩: */kutu/ → /kut͡su/

From Old Japanese. Found in the Man'yōshū poetry compilation, completed circa 759.

Ultimate derivation unclear. Some Japanese sources suggest a borrowing from or cognate with Korean 구두 (gudu, “shoes”), but then some Korean sources suggest that the Korean term was borrowed from Japanese 靴 (kutsu, “shoes”).

Alternative forms

• 沓, 履, 鞋, 鞾 (all less common)

Noun

靴(くつ) • (kutsu) 

1. footwear, footgear: a shoe, (a pair of) shoes
   • c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 14, poem 3399:
     , text here:

     信濃道者 伊麻能波里美知 可里婆祢尓 安思布麻之<奈牟> 久都波氣和我世

     信(しな)濃(ぬ)道(ぢ)は　今(いま)の墾(は)り道(みち)　刈(か)りばねに　足(あし)踏(ふ)ましなむ　沓(くつ)はけ我(わ)が背(せ)

     shinanuji wa ima no harimichi karibane ni ashi fumashinamu kutsu hake wagase

     the Shinano road has just been opened; wear shoes, my brother / my dear, so you do not step on the brush stubble [in your bare feet]

Synonyms

• シューズ (shūzu)

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 靴(くつ)下(した) (kutsushita): sock
• 靴(くつ)擦(ず)れ (kutsuzure): literally “shoe rubbing”: a blister on one's foot due to ill-fitting shoes

• 長(なが)靴(ぐつ) (nagagutsu): boot

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Korean

Hanja

靴 • (hwa) (hangeul 화, McCune–Reischauer hwa, Yale hwa)

1. (가죽 신 화, gajuk-sin-): footwear made of leather

Compounds

• 木靴 (목화, mokhwa) The courtesy footwear in the Eastern tradition, as worn by courtiers, somewhat similar to the moccasin made of deerskin.
• 洋靴 (양화, yanghwa) Western shoes, boots
• 長靴 (장화, janghwa) boots

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Okinawan

Etymology

Attested in the 沖縄語典 (Okinawa Goten, “Okinawan Dictionary”) as ふや.

Noun

靴 (hiragana ふや, romaji fuya)

1. shoe

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Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 靴 (ngoa)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.