鴛鴦

See also: 鸳鸯

Chinese

trad. (鴛鴦)		鴛	鴦
simp. (鸳鸯)		鸳	鸯

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yuānyāng

  (Zhuyin): ㄩㄢ ㄧㄤ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jyun¹ joeng¹, jin¹ joeng¹
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yên-yông / yân-yông
• Eastern Min (BUC): uŏng-iŏng
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): oan-iuⁿ / oan-ioⁿ
• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ¹ioe-ian

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yuānyāng → yuānyang (toneless final syllable variant)
    • Zhuyin: ㄩㄢ ㄧㄤ → ㄩㄢ ˙ㄧㄤ (toneless final syllable variant)
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yuanyång
    • Wade–Giles: yüan¹-yang⁵
    • Yale: ywān-yang
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: iuan.iang
    • Palladius: юаньян (juanʹjan)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɥɛn⁵⁵ jɑŋ⁵⁵/ → /ɥɛn⁵⁵ jɑŋ²/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: jyun¹ joeng¹, jin¹ joeng¹
    • Yale: yūn yēung, yīn yēung
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jyn¹ joeng¹, jin¹ joeng¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: yun¹ yêng¹, yin¹ yêng¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jyːn⁵⁵ jœːŋ⁵⁵/, /jiːn⁵⁵ jœːŋ⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yên-yông
    • Hakka Romanization System: ien´ iong´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yan¹ yong¹
    • Sinological IPA: /i̯en²⁴⁻¹¹ i̯oŋ²⁴/
  • (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yân-yông
    • Hakka Romanization System: (r)ian´ (r)iong´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yan¹ yong¹
    • Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯an²⁴⁻¹¹ (j)i̯oŋ²⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: uŏng-iŏng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /uoŋ⁵⁵ ^(Ø-)ŋyoŋ⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: oan-iuⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: uan-iunn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: oan'viw
    • IPA (Xiamen): /uan⁴⁴⁻²² iũ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /uan⁴⁴⁻³³ iũ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /uan³³ iũ³³/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: oan-ioⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: uan-ionn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: oan'vioy
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /uan⁴⁴⁻²² iɔ̃⁴⁴/
• Wu
  • (Shanghai):
    • Wugniu: ¹ioe-ian
    • MiniDict: ioe^平 ian
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹yoe-ian
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /yø⁵⁵ iã²¹/

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• Middle Chinese: 'jwon|'won 'jang|'ang

Rime
Character	鴛	鴛	鴦	鴦
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	影 (34)	影 (34)	影 (34)	影 (34)
Final (韻)	元 (66)	魂 (55)	陽 (105)	唐 (101)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Closed	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	I	III	I
Fanqie	於袁切	烏渾切	於良切	烏郎切
Baxter	'jwon	'won	'jang	'ang
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔʉɐn/	/ʔuən/	/ʔɨɐŋ/	/ʔɑŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔʷiɐn/	/ʔuon/	/ʔiɐŋ/	/ʔɑŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔiuɐn/	/ʔuən/	/ʔiɑŋ/	/ʔɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔuan/	/ʔwən/	/ʔɨaŋ/	/ʔaŋ/
Li Rong	/ʔiuɐn/	/ʔuən/	/ʔiaŋ/	/ʔɑŋ/
Wang Li	/ĭwɐn/	/uən/	/ĭaŋ/	/ɑŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʔi̯wɐn/	/ʔuən/	/ʔi̯aŋ/	/ʔɑŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yuān	wēn	yāng	āng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jyun1	wan1	joeng1	ong1

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*quːn|qon  qaːŋ|qaŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	鴦
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yāng
Middle Chinese	‹ ʔjang ›
Old Chinese	/*ʔaŋ/
English	female mandarin duck
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	鴛	鴛	鴦	鴦
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/2	2/2
No.	16280	16288	14472	14491
Phonetic component	夗	夗	央	央
Rime group	文	元	陽	陽
Rime subdivision	2	3	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	𥁕	鴛	鴦	央
Old Chinese	/*quːn/	/*qon/	/*qaːŋ/	/*qaŋ/

Noun

(deprecated template usage) 鴛鴦

1. mandarin duck
2. (figurative) affectionate couple; happily married couple
3. (figurative) objects which occur in inseparable pairs
4. yuanyang (a beverage made from mixing coffee with Hong Kong-style milk tea)

• 
  鴛鴦 (mandarin ducks)
• 
  鴛鴦 (beverage)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (鴛鴦):

• → Japanese: 鴛鴦(えんおう) (en'ō)
• → Korean: 원앙(鴛鴦) (wonang)
• → Vietnamese: uyên ương (鴛鴦)

(deprecated template usage)

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Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
鴛	鴦
Hyōgaiji	Hyōgaiji
irregular

From 愛し (oshi, “dear, loving”), from the way the ducks are believed to mate for life and seldom stray far from one another.

The spelling coming from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Chinese is jukujikun (熟字訓), with 鴛 representing the male bird and 鴦 representing the female bird.

Noun

鴛鴦(おし) • (oshi) ^{←をし (wosi)?}

1. a mandarin duck
2. a kind of 家紋 (kamon, “family crest”) featuring a mandarin duck

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
鴛	鴦
Hyōgaiji	Hyōgaiji
irregular

鴛鴦 (oshi, oshidori, en'ō): a pair of mandarin ducks.

Originally a compound of 愛し (oshi, “lovely”) +‎ 鳥 (tori, “bird”), from the way the ducks are believed to mate for life and seldom stray far from one another. The tori changes to dori as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

The spelling coming from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Chinese is jukujikun (熟字訓), with 鴛 representing the male bird and 鴦 representing the female bird.

Noun

鴛鴦(おしどり) or 鴛鴦(オシドリ) • (oshidori) ^{←をしどり (wosidori)?}

1. a mandarin duck
2. (figurative) a pair of lovebirds (an affectionate couple)
3. a topknot or bun hairstyle wherein the hair is bunched on each side in a shape vaguely resembling two mandarin ducks

Derived terms

• 鴛鴦(おしどり)夫(ふう)婦(ふ) (oshidori fūfu, “loving couple”)

Usage notes

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as オシドリ.

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
鴛	鴦
えん Hyōgaiji	おう Hyōgaiji
on’yomi

/weɴau/ → /weɴɔː/ → /eɴoː/

From Chinese 鴛鴦／鸳鸯 (yuānyāng).

Noun

鴛(えん)鴦(おう) • (en'ō) ^{←ゑんあう (wen'au)?}

1. a mandarin duck
2. (figurative) a pair of lovebirds (an affectionate couple)

Usage notes

The en'ō reading appears to be less common than oshidori above.