婿: difference between revisions
Poketalker (talk | contribs) Formatting, will move OJP mo1ko1 to kana entry since it does not match the original meaning of husband/groom |
|||
Line 57: | Line 57: | ||
===Kanji=== |
===Kanji=== |
||
{{ja-kanji|grade=c|rs=女09}} |
{{ja-kanji|grade=c|rs=女09}} |
||
⚫ | |||
# [[daughter]]'s [[husband]], [[son-in-law]] |
|||
====Readings==== |
====Readings==== |
||
Line 67: | Line 64: | ||
|kun=むこ- |
|kun=むこ- |
||
}} |
}} |
||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
===Alternative forms=== |
|||
⚫ | |||
* {{ja-l|壻}}, {{ja-l|聟}} |
|||
===Etymology 1=== |
===Etymology 1=== |
||
⚫ | |||
*{{IPAfont|/moko/}} → <span style="display:inline-block; vertical-align: middle;><span style="float:left;">*{{IPAfont|⟨muko<sub>1</sub>⟩}} → *{{IPAchar|/mukʷo/}}</span><span style="float:left;clear:both;">*{{IPAfont|⟨mo<sub>(1)</sub>ko<sub>1</sub>⟩}} → *{{IPAchar|/mʷokʷo/}}</span></span><ref>Frellesvig, B. & Whitman, J. (2008) "[http://conf.ling.cornell.edu/whitman/VowelsofProto-Japanese.Martfest.pdf The Vowels of Proto-Japanese]", ''Proto-Japanese: Issues and Prospects''. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Pub. Co.</ref> → {{IPAchar|/muko/}} |
*{{IPAfont|/moko/}} → <span style="display:inline-block; vertical-align: middle;><span style="float:left;">*{{IPAfont|⟨muko<sub>1</sub>⟩}} → *{{IPAchar|/mukʷo/}}</span><span style="float:left;clear:both;">*{{IPAfont|⟨mo<sub>(1)</sub>ko<sub>1</sub>⟩}} → *{{IPAchar|/mʷokʷo/}}</span></span><ref>Frellesvig, B. & Whitman, J. (2008) "[http://conf.ling.cornell.edu/whitman/VowelsofProto-Japanese.Martfest.pdf The Vowels of Proto-Japanese]", ''Proto-Japanese: Issues and Prospects''. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Pub. Co.</ref> → {{IPAchar|/muko/}} |
||
Not confirmed in {{ncog|ojp|-}} documents, although presence of the cognate words suggests {{inh|ja|jpx-pro|*moko}} (cognate with {{cog|ryu|むーく|tr= |
Not confirmed in {{ncog|ojp|-}} documents, although presence of the cognate words suggests {{inh|ja|jpx-pro|*moko}} (cognate with {{cog|ryu|むーく|tr=mūku}}, {{cog|xug|むふ|tr=muhu}}, {{cog|mvi|むく|tr=muku}} and the ''moko'' below). This is a result of the phonological change, that non-final *{{IPAchar|/o/}} in the nouns of Proto-Japonic became {{IPAfont|⟨u⟩}} in Central Old Japanese. |
||
In regard to the derivation, there are some theories proposed, however many of them are associated with the verbs |
In regard to the derivation, there are some theories proposed, however many of them are associated with the verbs {{m|ja|向かう|tr=mukau||to [[go]] [[towards]]}} and {{m|ja|迎える|tr=mukaeru||to [[receive]]}}, both derived from {{m|ja|向く|tr=muku||to [[turn]] [[toward]]}}, from {{cog|jpx-pro|*muk-}}. Theories to explain this inconsistency in the proto-forms has not been published yet. |
||
====Pronunciation==== |
====Pronunciation==== |
||
{{ja-pron |
{{ja-pron|むこ|acc=1|acc_ref=DJR}} |
||
====Noun==== |
====Noun==== |
||
Line 99: | Line 89: | ||
=====Derived terms===== |
=====Derived terms===== |
||
* {{ja-r|婿 養子|むこ ようし}} |
{{der-top3}} |
||
* {{ja-r|婿 養%子|むこ よう%し}} |
|||
* {{ja-r|入り婿|いりむこ}} |
* {{ja-r|入り婿|いりむこ}} |
||
* {{ja-r|花%婿|はな%むこ}} |
* {{ja-r|花%婿|はな%むこ}} |
||
* {{ja-r|娘%婿|むすめ%むこ}} |
* {{ja-r|娘%婿|むすめ%むこ}} |
||
{{der-bottom}} |
|||
===Etymology 2=== |
===Etymology 2=== |
||
{{ja-kanjitab|もこ|yomi=irr}} |
{{ja-kanjitab|もこ|yomi=irr|alt=聟}} |
||
*{{IPAfont|/moko/}} → {{IPAfont|⟨mo<sub>(1)</sub>ko<sub>1</sub>⟩}} → *{{IPAchar|/mʷokʷo/}} → {{IPAchar|/moko/}} |
*{{IPAfont|/moko/}} → {{IPAfont|⟨mo<sub>(1)</sub>ko<sub>1</sub>⟩}} → *{{IPAchar|/mʷokʷo/}} → {{IPAchar|/moko/}} |
||
From other {{inh|ja|ojp|-}} [[dialect]]s besides Central Old Japanese, with a conserved *{{IPAchar|/o/}} as {{IPAfont|⟨o<sub>1</sub>⟩}}, from {{inh|ja|jpx-pro|*mòkô}}. |
From other {{inh|ja|ojp|-}} [[dialect]]s besides Central Old Japanese, with a conserved *{{IPAchar|/o/}} as {{IPAfont|⟨o<sub>1</sub>⟩}}, from {{inh|ja|jpx-pro|*mòkô}}. |
||
Attested as {{m|ojp||毛古}}, {{m|ojp||毛胡|tr= |
Attested as {{m|ojp||毛古}}, {{m|ojp||毛胡|tr=moko|pos=interpreted as {{m|ja|仲間|tr=nakama||[[fellow]]}} or {{m|ja|対手|tr=taishu||[[opponent]]}} in later times}} in the ''{{w|Kojiki}}'' (712 {{CE}}) and ''{{w|Nihon Shoki}}'' (720 {{CE}}), respectively. |
||
====Noun==== |
====Noun==== |
||
{{ja-noun|もこ}} |
{{ja-noun|もこ}} |
||
# {{lb|ja|dialectal|Tōhoku|Northern Kantō|Niigata|Nagano|Chūgoku|etc.}} {{nonstandard form of|ja| |
# {{lb|ja|dialectal|Tōhoku|Northern Kantō|Niigata|Nagano|Chūgoku|etc.}} {{nonstandard form of|ja||むこ|tr=muko|nodot=1}} ''above'' |
||
#* {{RQ:Shinsen Jikyō}} |
#* {{RQ:Shinsen Jikyō}} |
||
#*: {{usex|ja|聟 '''毛古'''、又{{m|ja|敵|加太支}}|Groom: '''''moko''''', also ''kataki'' (“[[enemy]]”)}} |
#*: {{usex|ja|聟 '''毛古'''、又{{m|ja|敵|加太支}}|Groom: '''''moko''''', also ''kataki'' (“[[enemy]]”)}} |
||
# {{lb|ja|etymology|archaic|obsolete}} someone who [[confront]]s against someone else; a [[comrade]], [[foe]] |
|||
===Etymology 3=== |
|||
#* {{RQ:Kojiki|poem 50}} |
|||
{{ja-kanjitab|yomi=kanon|せい|alt=壻}} |
|||
#*: {{ja-usex|m=知波夜夫流 宇遲能和多理邇 佐袁斗理邇 波夜祁牟比登斯 和賀'''毛古'''邇許牟|m_kana=ちはやぶる うぢのわたりに さをとりに はやけむひとし わが'''もこ'''にこむ|[[ちはやぶる]]宇治の渡りに棹%取りに速けむ人しわが'''もこ'''に来む|ちはやぶる ^うぢ の わたり に さを%-とり に はやけむ ひと し わが '''もこ''' に こむ}} |
|||
From {{der|ja|ltc|sort=せい|-}} {{ltc-l|婿|tr=*sei<sup>H</sup>}}. |
|||
⚫ | |||
{{ja-pos|affix|せい}} |
|||
⚫ | |||
# [[son-in-law]] |
|||
=====Derived terms===== |
|||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
===References=== |
===References=== |
Revision as of 11:58, 15 February 2021
|
Translingual
Han character
婿 (Kangxi radical 38, 女+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 女弓人月 (VNOB), four-corner 47427, composition ⿰女胥)
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 266, character 9
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6470
- Dae Jaweon: page 533, character 16
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1069, character 14
- Unihan data for U+5A7F
Chinese
trad. | 婿 | |
---|---|---|
simp. # | 婿 |
Glyph origin
Etymology
Reminiscent of Proto-South-Bahnaric *saːj ("to marry; spouse") (Schuessler, 2007).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): sai3
- Eastern Min (BUC): sái
- Southern Min
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄒㄩˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: syù
- Wade–Giles: hsü4
- Yale: syù
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiuh
- Palladius: сюй (sjuj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕy⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: sai3
- Yale: sai
- Cantonese Pinyin: sai3
- Guangdong Romanization: sei3
- Sinological IPA (key): /sɐi̯³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: sái
- Sinological IPA (key): /sɑi²¹³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- sè - literary;
- sài - vernacular.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: sai3
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sài
- Sinological IPA (key): /sai²¹³/
- Dialectal data
Variety | Location | 婿 |
---|---|---|
Mandarin | Beijing | /ɕy⁵¹/ |
Harbin | /ɕy⁵³/ | |
Tianjin | /ɕy⁵³/ | |
Jinan | /ɕy²¹/ | |
Qingdao | /sy⁴²/ | |
Zhengzhou | /sy³¹²/ | |
Xi'an | /ɕi⁰/ | |
Xining | /ɕy⁵³/ | |
Yinchuan | /ɕy¹³/ | |
Lanzhou | /ɕy¹³/ | |
Ürümqi | /ɕy⁴⁴/ | |
Wuhan | /ɕi³⁵/ | |
Chengdu | /ɕi¹³/ | |
Guiyang | /ɕi²¹³/ | |
Kunming | /ɕi²¹²/ | |
Nanjing | /sy⁴⁴/ | |
Hefei | /sz̩ʷ⁵³/ | |
Jin | Taiyuan | /ɕy⁴⁵/ |
Pingyao | /sei¹³/ | |
Hohhot | /ɕy⁵⁵/ | |
Wu | Shanghai | /ɕi³⁵/ /ɕy³⁵/ |
Suzhou | /si⁵¹³/ | |
Hangzhou | /ɕi⁴⁴⁵/ | |
Wenzhou | /sei⁴²/ | |
Hui | Shexian | /ɕy³²⁴/ |
Tunxi | /se⁴²/ | |
Xiang | Changsha | /si²⁴/ |
Xiangtan | /si⁵⁵/ | |
Gan | Nanchang | /ɕy⁴⁵/ |
Hakka | Meixian | /se⁵³/ |
Taoyuan | /se⁵⁵/ | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | /sɐi³³/ |
Nanning | /ɬɐi³³/ | |
Hong Kong | /sɐi³³/ | |
Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /se²¹/ /sai²¹/ |
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /sɑi²¹²/ | |
Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /si²⁴/ | |
Shantou (Teochew) | /sai²¹³/ | |
Haikou (Hainanese) | /si³⁵/ |
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[s]ˤ[i][j]-s/
- (Zhengzhang): /*sŋeːs/
Definitions
Compounds
Lua error in Module:zh/templates at line 32: This template has been deprecated. Please use Template:col3 instead.
Japanese
Kanji
Readings
Etymology 1
Kanji in this term |
---|
婿 |
むこ Grade: S |
kun'yomi |
Alternative spellings |
---|
壻 聟 |
*/moko/ → *⟨muko1⟩ → */mukʷo/*⟨mo(1)ko1⟩ → */mʷokʷo/[1] → /muko/
Not confirmed in Old Japanese documents, although presence of the cognate words suggests Proto-Japonic *moko (cognate with Okinawan むーく (mūku), Kunigami むふ (muhu), Miyako むく (muku) and the moko below). This is a result of the phonological change, that non-final */o/ in the nouns of Proto-Japonic became ⟨u⟩ in Central Old Japanese.
In regard to the derivation, there are some theories proposed, however many of them are associated with the verbs 向かう (mukau, “to go towards”) and 迎える (mukaeru, “to receive”), both derived from 向く (muku, “to turn toward”), from Proto-Japonic *muk-. Theories to explain this inconsistency in the proto-forms has not been published yet.
Pronunciation
Noun
- a husband who has entered his wife's house
- a son-in-law
- a groom, bridegroom (man who is about to get married)
Antonyms
- (all senses): 嫁 (yome)
Derived terms
Etymology 2
Kanji in this term |
---|
婿 |
もこ Grade: S |
irregular |
Alternative spelling |
---|
聟 |
*/moko/ → ⟨mo(1)ko1⟩ → */mʷokʷo/ → /moko/
From other Old Japanese dialects besides Central Old Japanese, with a conserved */o/ as ⟨o1⟩, from Proto-Japonic *mòkô.
Attested as 毛古, 毛胡 (moko, interpreted as 仲間 (nakama, “fellow”) or 対手 (taishu, “opponent”) in later times) in the Kojiki (712 CE) and Nihon Shoki (720 CE), respectively.
Noun
- (dialectal, Tōhoku, Northern Kantō, Niigata, Nagano, Chūgoku, etc.) Nonstandard form of むこ (muko) above
- 898–901, Shinsen Jikyō:
Etymology 3
Kanji in this term |
---|
婿 |
せい Grade: S |
kan'on |
Alternative spelling |
---|
壻 |
From Middle Chinese 婿 (MC *seiH).
Affix
Derived terms
References
- ^ Frellesvig, B. & Whitman, J. (2008) "The Vowels of Proto-Japanese", Proto-Japanese: Issues and Prospects. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Pub. Co.
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Korean
Hanja
婿 • (seo) (hangeul 서, revised seo, McCune–Reischauer sŏ)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
Vietnamese
Han character
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
- CJK Unified Ideographs block
- Han script characters
- Translingual lemmas
- Translingual symbols
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Eastern Min lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
- Teochew lemmas
- Old Chinese lemmas
- Chinese hanzi
- Mandarin hanzi
- Cantonese hanzi
- Eastern Min hanzi
- Hokkien hanzi
- Teochew hanzi
- Old Chinese hanzi
- Chinese nouns
- Mandarin nouns
- Cantonese nouns
- Eastern Min nouns
- Hokkien nouns
- Teochew nouns
- Old Chinese nouns
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms spelled with 婿
- zh:Male family members
- Japanese kanji
- Japanese jōyō kanji
- Japanese kanji with goon reading さい
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading せい
- Japanese kanji with kun reading むこ
- Japanese terms spelled with 婿 read as むこ
- Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
- Japanese terms inherited from Proto-Japonic
- Japanese terms derived from Proto-Japonic
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms with multiple readings
- Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji
- Japanese terms with 1 kanji
- Japanese terms spelled with 婿
- Japanese single-kanji terms
- Japanese terms read with irregular kanji readings
- Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese
- Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese
- Japanese dialectal terms
- Tōhoku Japanese
- Chūgoku Japanese
- Japanese nonstandard forms
- Japanese terms with usage examples
- Japanese terms spelled with 婿 read as せい
- Japanese terms read with kan'on
- Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese
- Japanese affixes
- Korean lemmas
- Korean hanja
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese Han characters