恭

恭 U+606D, 恭 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-606D ← 恬 [U+606C] CJK Unified Ideographs 恮 → [U+606E]

Translingual

Han character

恭 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+6, 10 strokes, cangjie input 廿金心 (TCP), four-corner 4433₈, composition ⿱共㣺)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 385, character 15
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10596
• Dae Jaweon: page 717, character 5
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2299, character 9
• Unihan data for U+606D

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		恭
2nd round simp.		⿱共小
alternative forms		𢙄 龔／龚 龏／𱍁 供

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 恭
Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Chu slip and silk script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (共) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
港	*kroːŋʔ, *ɡloːŋs
巷	*ɡroːŋs
衖	*ɡroːŋs
鬨	*ɡroːŋs, *ɡloːŋs
烘	*qʰloːŋ, *qʰloːŋs, *ɡoːŋ, *ɡloːŋs
洪	*ɡloːŋ
鉷	*ɡloːŋ
谼	*ɡloːŋ
葓	*ɡoːŋ
哄	*ɡloːŋs
蕻	*ɡloːŋs
恭	*kloŋ
供	*kloŋ, *kloŋs
龔	*kloŋ
珙	*kloŋ, *kloŋʔ
共	*kloŋ, *ɡloŋs
髸	*kloŋ
拱	*kloŋʔ
拲	*kloŋʔ, *kloɡ
蛬	*kloŋʔ, *ɡloŋ
栱	*kloŋʔ
輁	*kloŋʔ, *ɡloŋ
舼	*ɡloŋ
輂	*kloɡ

Shuowen: Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kloŋ) : phonetic 共 (OC *kloŋ, *ɡloŋs, “heart”) + semantic 心

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): gōng (gong¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄥ

  (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): гун (gun, I)

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): gung¹

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): guung¹

• Gan (Wiktionary): gung¹
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): kiûng

  (Meixian, Guangdong): giung¹

• Jin (Wiktionary): gung¹
• Northern Min (KCR): gé̤ng
• Eastern Min (BUC): gṳ̆ng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): kiong

  (Teochew, Peng'im): giong¹

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹kon

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: gōng
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄥ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: gong
    • Wade–Giles: kung¹
    • Yale: gūng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gong
    • Palladius: гун (gun)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʊŋ⁵⁵/
  • (Dungan)
    • Cyrillic and Wiktionary: гун (gun, I)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kuŋ²⁴/

    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: gung¹
    • Yale: gūng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gung¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: gung¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʊŋ⁵⁵/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: guung¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɵŋ³³/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: gung¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kuŋ⁴²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kiûng
    • Hakka Romanization System: giung^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: giung¹
    • Sinological IPA: /ki̯uŋ²⁴/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: giung¹
    • Sinological IPA: /kiʊŋ⁴⁴/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: gung¹
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /kũŋ¹¹/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: gé̤ng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kœyŋ⁵⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: gṳ̆ng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kyŋ⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiong
    • Tâi-lô: kiong
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kiofng
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kiɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kiɔŋ³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kiɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kiɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kiɔŋ⁴⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: giong¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kiong
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kioŋ³³/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ¹kon
    • MiniDict: kon^平
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹kon
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /koŋ⁵³/

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• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 恭
Mandarin	Beijing	/kuŋ⁵⁵/
	Harbin	/kuŋ⁴⁴/
	Tianjin	/kuŋ²¹/
	Jinan	/kuŋ²¹³/
	Qingdao	/kəŋ²¹³/
	Zhengzhou	/kuŋ²⁴/
	Xi'an	/kuŋ²¹/
	Xining	/kuə̃⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/kuŋ⁴⁴/
	Lanzhou	/kũn³¹/
	Ürümqi	/kuŋ⁴⁴/
	Wuhan	/koŋ⁵⁵/
	Chengdu	/koŋ⁵⁵/
	Guiyang	/koŋ⁵⁵/
	Kunming	/koŋ/
	Nanjing	/koŋ³¹/
	Hefei	/kəŋ²¹/
Jin	Taiyuan	/kuəŋ¹¹/
	Pingyao	/kuŋ¹³/
	Hohhot	/kũŋ³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/koŋ⁵³/
	Suzhou	/koŋ⁵⁵/
	Hangzhou	/koŋ³³/
	Wenzhou	/t͡ɕyɔ³³/ /koŋ³³/
Hui	Shexian	/kuʌ̃³¹/
	Tunxi	/kan¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/koŋ³³/
	Xiangtan	/kən³³/
Gan	Nanchang	/kuŋ⁴²/
Hakka	Meixian	/kiuŋ⁴⁴/
	Taoyuan	/kioŋ²⁴/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/koŋ⁵³/
	Nanning	/kuŋ⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/kuŋ⁵⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/kiɔŋ⁵⁵/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/kyŋ⁴⁴/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/kœyŋ⁵⁴/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/kioŋ³³/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/koŋ²³/

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• Middle Chinese: kjowng

Rime
Character	恭
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	鍾 (7)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	九容切
Baxter	kjowng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kɨoŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/kioŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/kioŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kuawŋ/
Li Rong	/kioŋ/
Wang Li	/kĭwoŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/ki̯woŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jiōng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gung1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*k<r>oŋ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*kloŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	恭
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	gōng
Middle Chinese	‹ kjowng ›
Old Chinese	/*k<r>oŋ/
English	respectful
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	恭
Reading #	1/1
No.	4166
Phonetic component	共
Rime group	東
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	恭
Old Chinese	/*kloŋ/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 恭

1. respectful; polite; reverent
2. to (show) respect
3. a surname

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Japanese

Kanji

恭

(Jōyō kanji)

1. respect

Readings

• Go-on: く (ku)
• Kan-on: きょう (kyō, Jōyō)
• Kun: うやうやしい (uyauyashii, 恭しい, Jōyō)
• Nanori: きよ (kiyo)、たかし (takashi)、やす (yasu)、やすし (yasushi)、ゆき (yuki)、よし (yoshi)

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Korean

Hanja

恭 • (gong) (hangeul 공, revised gong, McCune–Reischauer kong, Yale kong)

1. respectful, polite, reverent

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Vietnamese

Han character

恭: Hán Nôm readings: cung

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.