lom

See also: Lom, LOM, łom, loom, and лом

Czech

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈlom]
• Rhymes: -om

Etymology 1

From Old Czech lom, from Proto-Slavic *lomъ.

Noun

1. An open mine.
2. Diffraction or refraction.

Declension

Related terms

• lomit

See also

• důl

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

lom

1. second-person singular imperative of lomit

Further reading

• Template:R:PSJC
• Template:R:SSJC

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Hungarian

Etymology

From a Slavic language, from Proto-Slavic *lomъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈlom]
• Hyphenation: lom
• Rhymes: -om

Noun

lom (plural lomok)

1. junk, bulky waste

Declension

Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	lom	lomok
accusative	lomot	lomokat
dative	lomnak	lomoknak
instrumental	lommal	lomokkal
causal-final	lomért	lomokért
translative	lommá	lomokká
terminative	lomig	lomokig
essive-formal	lomként	lomokként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	lomban	lomokban
superessive	lomon	lomokon
adessive	lomnál	lomoknál
illative	lomba	lomokba
sublative	lomra	lomokra
allative	lomhoz	lomokhoz
elative	lomból	lomokból
delative	lomról	lomokról
ablative	lomtól	lomoktól
non-attributive possessive - singular	lomé	lomoké
non-attributive possessive - plural	loméi	lomokéi

Possessive forms of lom
possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	lomom	lomjaim
2nd person sing.	lomod	lomjaid
3rd person sing.	lomja	lomjai
1st person plural	lomunk	lomjaink
2nd person plural	lomotok	lomjaitok
3rd person plural	lomjuk	lomjaik

Derived terms

• lomos
• lomtalanít → lomtalanítás

 

Further reading

• lom in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

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Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish lomm (“bare, naked; smooth; exact”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /l̪ˠɑumˠ/, /l̪ˠoumˠ/
• IPA^(key): /l̪ˠuːmˠ/
• IPA^(key): /l̪ˠʊmˠ/
• IPA^(key): /l̪ˠʌmˠ/

Adjective

lom (genitive singular masculine loim, genitive singular feminine loime, plural loma, comparative loime)

1. bare
   1. (of country) bare, bleak
   2. (of house) unfurnished, unstocked, unadorned
   3. (of clothing) threadbare
   4. (of sheep) shorn, (of oats) husked, clean
   5. (of blade) bare, unsheathed; (of tongue) sharp; (of judge) strict
2. thin
   1. (of person, animal) thin, spare; (of quarters) lean
   2. (of porridge) thin; (of milk) skim; dilute
3. close
4. used intensively with other adjective or with adverb

Declension

Declension of lom

	Singular		Plural (m/f)
Positive	Masculine	Feminine	(strong noun)	(weak noun)
Nominative	lom	lom	loma
Vocative	loim		loma
Genitive		lome	loma	lom
Dative	lom	lom; loim (archaic)	loma
Comparative	níos lome
Superlative	is lome

Obsolete spellings

Declension of lom

	Singular		Plural (m/f)
Positive	Masculine	Feminine	(strong noun)	(weak noun)
Nominative	lom	lom	loma
Vocative	luim		loma
Genitive		lome	loma	lom
Dative	lom	lom; luim (archaic)	loma
Comparative	níos lome
Superlative	is lome

Synonyms

• nocht

Derived terms

• cuireata lom
• lom ar
• lom chun
• lom láithreach
• lom le
• lomabharróg
• lomnocht

 

Noun

lom m (genitive singular loim)

1. bare thing, bareness
2. openness, exposure
3. opening for attack
4. nakedness, poverty

Declension

Declension of lom

First declension

Bare forms (no plural of this noun) Case Singular Nominative lom Vocative a loim Genitive loim Dative lom

Forms with the definite article: Case Singular Nominative an lom Genitive an loim Dative leis an lom don lom

Derived terms

• ar lom (“bare, without trimmings”)
• cuireata ar lom (“lone knave”)
• de lom (“on purpose”)

Verb

lom (present analytic lomann, future analytic lomfaidh, verbal noun lomadh, past participle lomtha)

1. (transitive) lay bare; strip, denude; mow; (of a sheep) shear; flatten
2. (intransitive) become bare
3. (transitive) haul in (a sail, a sheet); close in on, attack (someone)

Conjugation

conjugation of lom (first conjugation – A)

		singular			plural			relative	autonomous
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative	present	lomaim	lomann tú; lomair†	lomann sé, sí	lomaimid	lomann sibh	lomann siad; lomaid†	a lomann; a lomas	lomtar
	past	lom mé; lomas	lom tú; lomais	lom sé, sí	lomamar; lom muid	lom sibh; lomabhair	lom siad; lomadar	a lom / ar lom*	lomadh
	past habitual	lomainn	lomtá	lomadh sé, sí	lomaimis; lomadh muid	lomadh sibh	lomaidís; lomadh siad	a lomadh / a lomadh*	lomtaí
future		lomfaidh mé; lomfad	lomfaidh tú; lomfair†	lomfaidh sé, sí	lomfaimid; lomfaidh muid	lomfaidh sibh	lomfaidh siad; lomfaid†	a lomfaidh; a lomfas	lomfar
conditional		lomfainn	lomfá	lomfadh sé, sí	lomfaimis; lomfadh muid	lomfadh sibh	lomfaidís; lomfadh siad	a lomfadh / a lomfadh*	lomfaí
subjunctive	present	go loma mé; go lomad†	go loma tú; go lomair†	go loma sé, sí	go lomaimid; go loma muid	go loma sibh	go loma siad; go lomaid†	—	go lomtar
	past	dá lomainn	dá lomtá	dá lomadh sé, sí	dá lomaimis; dá lomadh muid	dá lomadh sibh	dá lomaidís; dá lomadh siad	—	dá lomtaí
imperative		lomaim	lom	lomadh sé, sí	lomaimis	lomaigí; lomaidh†	lomaidís	—	lomtar
verbal noun		lomadh
past participle		lomtha

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form

Synonyms

• (to strip, strip off): nocht
• (to strip off): rúisc, scamh, scoith

Further reading

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “lom”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “lomm”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

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Lower Sorbian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *jьlьmъ.

Noun

lom m ? (diminutive lomk)

1. elm, any tree of the genus Ulmus

   Synonyms: wěz, brěšć

Further reading

• Muka, Arnošt (1921, 1928) “lom”, in Słownik dolnoserbskeje rěcy a jeje narěcow (in German), St. Petersburg, Prague: ОРЯС РАН, ČAVU; Reprinted Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag, 2008
• Starosta, Manfred (1999) “lom”, in Dolnoserbsko-nimski słownik / Niedersorbisch-deutsches Wörterbuch (in German), Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag

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Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Old Norse lómr, ultimately imitative of the bird's cry, particularly when it's in danger.

Noun

lom m (definite singular lommen, indefinite plural lommer, definite plural lommene)

1. a diver or loon (waterbird of order Gaviiformes, family Gaviidae)

Derived terms

• gulnebblom

References

• “lom” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

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Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Old Norse lómr, ultimately imitative of the bird's cry, particularly when it's in danger.

Noun

lom m (definite singular lomen or lommen, indefinite plural lomar or lommar, definite plural lomane or lommane)

1. a diver or loon (waterbird of order Gaviiformes, family Gaviidae)

Derived terms

• gulnebblom

References

• “lom” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

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Old Frisian

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *lamaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃lemH- (“broken”). Cognates include Old English lama, Old Saxon lam and Old Dutch *lam.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈlom/

Adjective

lom

1. lame

Descendants

• North Frisian: lom, laam
• Saterland Frisian: lom
• West Frisian: lam

References

• Bremmer, Rolf H. (2009) An Introduction to Old Frisian: History, Grammar, Reader, Glossary, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, →ISBN

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Plautdietsch

Adjective

lom

1. lame

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Romanian

Etymology

From Russian лом (lom), from Proto-Slavic *lomъ.

Noun

lom n (plural lomuri)

1. crowbar

Declension

Declension of lom

	singular		plural
	indefinite articulation	definite articulation	indefinite articulation	definite articulation
nominative/accusative	(un) lom	lomul	(niște) lomuri	lomurile
genitive/dative	(unui) lom	lomului	(unor) lomuri	lomurilor
vocative	lomule		lomurilor

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Romansch

Alternative forms

• (Surmiran) lomm

Etymology

From Latin pulmō, from Proto-Indo-European *pléwmō.

Noun

lom f (plural loms)

1. (Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan) lung

Synonyms

• (Sutsilvan) leav
• (Surmiran) lev
• (Puter, Vallader) pulmun

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Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish lomm.

Adjective

lom (comparative luime)

1. nude, naked
2. bare, bleak
3. leafless
4. threadbare
5. thin, meagre
6. net (weight, sum etc)

Synonyms

• (nude): lomnochd, rùisgte
• (bare): rùisgte
• (leafless): gun duille, gun duilleag

References

• Edward Dwelly (1911) “lom”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎^[1], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “lomm”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

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Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *lomъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lôːm/

Noun

lȏm m (Cyrillic spelling ло̑м)

1. fracture
2. breach, breakage
3. rumpus, ruckus, uproar
4. refraction, diffraction (of light)

Declension

Declension of lom

	singular	plural
nominative	lȏm	lòmovi
genitive	lòma	lòmōvā
dative	lomu	lomovima
accusative	lom	lomove
vocative	lome	lomovi
locative	lomu	lomovima
instrumental	lomom	lomovima

References

• “lom”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2024

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Slovene

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *lomъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lɔ́m/

Noun

lȍm m inan

1. fracture

Inflection

The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker, please help by adding the tonal marks.

Masculine inan., hard o-stem
nom. sing.	lòm
gen. sing.	lôma
	singular	dual	plural
nominative (imenovȃlnik)	lòm	lôma	lômi
genitive (rodȋlnik)	lôma	lômov	lômov
dative (dajȃlnik)	lômu	lômoma	lômom
accusative (tožȋlnik)	lòm	lôma	lôme
locative (mẹ̑stnik)	lômu	lômih	lômih
instrumental (orọ̑dnik)	lômom	lômoma	lômi

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Further reading

• “lom”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran

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Swedish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lʊm/

Noun

lom c

1. a loon (bird)

Declension

Declension of lom

		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	lom	loms
	definite	lommen	lommens
plural	indefinite	lommar	lommars
	definite	lommarna	lommarnas

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Taivoan

Numeral

lom

1. six