abrigar

Catalan

Etymology

From Old Occitan (compare the form abriar and Occitan abrigar), most likely from Late Latin apricāre, from Latin aprīcārī, present active infinitive of aprīcor, from aprīcus. Compare Spanish abrigar, English apricate, and French abrier.

Alternatively, and less likely, from Late Latin abrigāre (“to cover, shelter”), from a- + brigare, from Frankish *birīhan (“to cover, protect”), from Proto-Germanic *bi- + *wrīhaną (“to cover, clothe”), from Proto-Indo-European *werk'-, *werg'- (“to twist, weave, tie together”). Cognate with Old High German birīhan (“to cover”), Old English bewrēon (“to cover, enwrap, protect”).

Pronunciation

• (Balearic, Central) IPA^(key): /ə.bɾiˈɡa/
• (Valencian) IPA^(key): /a.bɾiˈɡaɾ/

• Audio (Catalonia)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -a(ɾ)

Verb

abrigar (first-person singular present abrigo, past participle abrigat)

1. to wrap up, to cover
2. to keep warm
3. to shelter

Conjugation

Conjugation of abrigar (first conjugation)

infinitive			abrigar
present participle			abrigant
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		abrigat		abrigada
		plural		abrigats		abrigades
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	abrigo	abrigues	abriga	abriguem	abrigueu	abriguen
	imperfect	abrigava	abrigaves	abrigava	abrigàvem	abrigàveu	abrigaven
	future	abrigaré	abrigaràs	abrigarà	abrigarem	abrigareu	abrigaran
	preterite	abriguí	abrigares	abrigà	abrigàrem	abrigàreu	abrigaren
	conditional	abrigaria	abrigaries	abrigaria	abrigaríem	abrigaríeu	abrigarien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	abrigui	abriguis	abrigui	abriguem	abrigueu	abriguin
	imperfect	abrigués	abriguessis	abrigués	abriguéssim	abriguéssiu	abriguessin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
		—	abriga	abrigui	abriguem	abrigueu	abriguin

Related terms

• abric

Further reading

• “abrigar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “abrigar” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “abrigar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

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Galician

Etymology

From Old Galician and Old Portuguese abrigar (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), of disputed origin: most likely from Late Latin aprīcāre, from Latin aprīcārī, present active infinitive of aprīcor (“warm in the sun”), from aprīcus (“sunny”).

Alternatively, and less likely, from Late Latin abrigāre (“to cover, shelter”), from a- + brigare, from Frankish *birīhan (“to cover, protect”), from Proto-Germanic *bi- + *wrīhaną (“to cover, clothe”), from Proto-Indo-European *werḱ-, *werǵ- (“to twist, weave, tie together”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /aβɾiˈɣaɾ/

Verb

abrigar (first-person singular present abrigo, first-person singular preterite abriguei, past participle abrigado)

1. (transitive) to cover

   Synonyms: cubrir, tapar

2. (transitive or takes a reflexive pronoun) to shelter

   Synonyms: agarimar, protexer

3. (transitive) to protect

   Synonyms: agarimar, amparar, protexer

4. (transitive or takes a reflexive pronoun) to wrap up (to put on abundant clothing)

   Synonym: arroupar

Conjugation

    Conjugation of abrigar

infinitive			abrigar
gerund			abrigando
past participle				singular		plural
		masculine		abrigado		abrigados
		feminine		abrigada		abrigadas
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		eu	ti	el / ela / Vde.	nós	vós	eles / elas / Vdes.
	present	abrigo	abrigas	abriga	abrigamos	abrigades	abrigan
	imperfect	abrigaba	abrigabas	abrigaba	abrigabamos	abrigabades	abrigaban
	preterite	abriguei	abrigaches	abrigou	abrigamos	abrigastes	abrigaron
	pluperfect	abrigara	abrigaras	abrigara	abrigaramos	abrigarades	abrigaran
	future	abrigarei	abrigarás	abrigará	abrigaremos	abrigaredes	abrigarán
	conditional	abrigaría	abrigarías	abrigaría	abrigariamos	abrigariades	abrigarían
subjunctive		eu	ti	el / ela / Vde.	nós	vós	eles / elas / Vdes.
	present	abrigue	abrigues	abrigue	abriguemos	abriguedes	abriguen
	preterite	abrigase	abrigases	abrigase	abrigásemos	abrigásedes	abrigasen
	future	abrigar	abrigares	abrigar	abrigarmos	abrigardes	abrigaren
imperative		—	ti	Vde.	nós	vós	Vdes.
	affirmative	—	abriga	abrigue	abriguemos	abrigade	abriguen
	negative	—	abrigues	abrigue	abriguemos	abriguedes	abriguen
personal infinitive		eu	ti	el / ela / Vde.	nós	vós	eles / elas / Vdes.
		abrigar	abrigares	abrigar	abrigarmos	abrigardes	abrigaren

Related terms

• abrigo

References

• “abrigar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006-2012.
• “abrigar” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006-2016.
• “abrigar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006-2013.
• “abrigar” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
• “abrigar” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

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Portuguese

Etymology

From Old Portuguese abrigar, of disputed origin: most likely from Late Latin aprīcāre, from Latin aprīcārī, present active infinitive of aprīcor (“warm in the sun”), from aprīcus (“sunny”).

Alternatively, and less likely, from Late Latin abrigāre (“to cover, shelter”), from a- + brigare, from Frankish *birīhan (“to cover, protect”), from Proto-Germanic *bi- + *wrīhaną (“to cover, clothe”), from Proto-Indo-European *werḱ-, *werǵ- (“to twist, weave, tie together”).

Pronunciation

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɐ.bɾi.ˈɡaɾ/, [ɐ.βɾi.ˈɣaɾ]
• Hyphenation: a‧bri‧gar

Verb

abrigar (first-person singular present indicative abrigo, past participle abrigado)

1. (transitive) harbour (provide refuge for)

Conjugation

  Conjugation of the Portuguese -ar verb abrigar

Notes:[edit] This is a regular verb of the -ar group. The last letter g is changed to gu, depending on the following vowel, resulting in these three possible sequences: -ga-, -gue- and -go-. Verbs with this conjugation include: apagar, cegar, esmagar, largar, navegar, resmungar, sugar.
	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	abrigar
Personal	abrigar	abrigares	abrigar	abrigarmos	abrigardes	abrigarem
Gerund
	abrigando
Past participle
Masculine	abrigado			abrigados
Feminine	abrigada			abrigadas
Indicative
Present	abrigo	abrigas	abriga	abrigamos	abrigais	abrigam
Imperfect	abrigava	abrigavas	abrigava	abrigávamos	abrigáveis	abrigavam
Preterite	abriguei	abrigaste	abrigou	abrigamos abrigámos	abrigastes	abrigaram
Pluperfect	abrigara	abrigaras	abrigara	abrigáramos	abrigáreis	abrigaram
Future	abrigarei	abrigarás	abrigará	abrigaremos	abrigareis	abrigarão
Conditional
	abrigaria	abrigarias	abrigaria	abrigaríamos	abrigaríeis	abrigariam
Subjunctive
Present	abrigue	abrigues	abrigue	abriguemos	abrigueis	abriguem
Imperfect	abrigasse	abrigasses	abrigasse	abrigássemos	abrigásseis	abrigassem
Future	abrigar	abrigares	abrigar	abrigarmos	abrigardes	abrigarem
Imperative
Affirmative	-	abriga	abrigue	abriguemos	abrigai	abriguem
Negative (não)	-	abrigues	abrigue	abriguemos	abrigueis	abriguem

Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:abrigar.

Antonyms

• desabrigar

Derived terms

• abrigo

Related terms

• aprico

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Spanish

Etymology

Most likely from Late Latin apricāre, from Latin aprīcārī, present active infinitive of aprīcor (“warm in the sun”), from aprīcus (“sunny”) Compare Portuguese and Catalan abrigar, apricate, also French abrier.

Alternatively, and less likely, from Late Latin abrigāre (“to cover, shelter”), from a- + brigare, from Frankish *birīhan (“to cover, protect”), from Proto-Germanic *bi- + *wrīhaną (“to cover, clothe”), from Proto-Indo-European *werk'-, *werg'- (“to twist, weave, tie together”). Cognate with Old High German birīhan (“to cover”), Old English bewrēon (“to cover, enwrap, protect”).

Late Latin abrigare may have also been crossed with Frankish *bergan (“to take care of, protect, hide”), from Proto-Germanic *berganą (“to care for”), from Proto-Indo-European *bhergh- (“to take care”), due to similarity in form and meaning. If so, this would relate the word also to Old High German bergan (“to shelter”) (German bergen), and Old English beorgan (“to save, preserve”). More at borrow.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /abɾiˈɡaɾ/, [aβɾiˈɣaɾ]
• Hyphenation: a‧bri‧gar

Verb

abrigar (first-person singular present abrigo, first-person singular preterite abrigué, past participle abrigado)

1. (transitive, reflexive) to wrap up (to put on abundant clothing)

   Estas mantas abrigan mucho.

   These blankets are very warm.

2. to cover
3. to shelter, to protect

   Synonym: resguardar

   La pared me abrigaba de la lluvia.

   The wall protected me from the rain.

4. (reflexive) to bundle up

Conjugation

• Rule: g becomes a gu before e.

    Conjugation of abrigar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)^{edit data}

infinitive			abrigar
gerund			abrigando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		abrigado		abrigada
		plural		abrigados		abrigadas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	abrigo	abrigastú abrigásvos	abriga	abrigamos	abrigáis	abrigan
	imperfect	abrigaba	abrigabas	abrigaba	abrigábamos	abrigabais	abrigaban
	preterite	abrigué	abrigaste	abrigó	abrigamos	abrigasteis	abrigaron
	future	abrigaré	abrigarás	abrigará	abrigaremos	abrigaréis	abrigarán
	conditional	abrigaría	abrigarías	abrigaría	abrigaríamos	abrigaríais	abrigarían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	abrigue	abriguestú abriguésvos2	abrigue	abriguemos	abriguéis	abriguen
	imperfect (ra)	abrigara	abrigaras	abrigara	abrigáramos	abrigarais	abrigaran
	imperfect (se)	abrigase	abrigases	abrigase	abrigásemos	abrigaseis	abrigasen
	future1	abrigare	abrigares	abrigare	abrigáremos	abrigareis	abrigaren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		abrigatú abrigávos	abrigue	abriguemos	abrigad	abriguen
	negative		no abrigues	no abrigue	no abriguemos	no abriguéis	no abriguen

• ¹ Mostly obsolete form, now mainly used in legal jargon.
• ² Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

Other verbs with this conjugation:

► Spanish verbs ending in -ar (conjugation -gar)

    Selected combined forms of abrigar^{edit data}

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive abrigar
	dative	abrigarme	abrigarte	abrigarle, abrigarse	abrigarnos	abrigaros	abrigarles, abrigarse
	accusative	abrigarme	abrigarte	abrigarlo, abrigarla, abrigarse	abrigarnos	abrigaros	abrigarlos, abrigarlas, abrigarse
with gerund abrigando
	dative	abrigándome	abrigándote	abrigándole, abrigándose	abrigándonos	abrigándoos	abrigándoles, abrigándose
	accusative	abrigándome	abrigándote	abrigándolo, abrigándola, abrigándose	abrigándonos	abrigándoos	abrigándolos, abrigándolas, abrigándose
with informal second-person singular imperative abriga
	dative	abrígame	abrígate	abrígale	abríganos	not used	abrígales
	accusative	abrígame	abrígate	abrígalo, abrígala	abríganos	not used	abrígalos, abrígalas
with formal second-person singular imperative abrigue
	dative	abrígueme	not used	abríguele, abríguese	abríguenos	not used	abrígueles
	accusative	abrígueme	not used	abríguelo, abríguela, abríguese	abríguenos	not used	abríguelos, abríguelas
with first-person plural imperative abriguemos
	dative	not used	abriguémoste	abriguémosle	abriguémonos	abriguémoos	abriguémosles
	accusative	not used	abriguémoste	abriguémoslo, abriguémosla	abriguémonos	abriguémoos	abriguémoslos, abriguémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative abrigad
	dative	abrigadme	not used	abrigadle	abrigadnos	abrigaos	abrigadles
	accusative	abrigadme	not used	abrigadlo, abrigadla	abrigadnos	abrigaos	abrigadlos, abrigadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative abriguen
	dative	abríguenme	not used	abríguenle	abríguennos	not used	abríguenles, abríguense
	accusative	abríguenme	not used	abríguenlo, abríguenla	abríguennos	not used	abríguenlos, abríguenlas, abríguense

Derived terms

• abrigado

Related terms

• abrigaño
• abrigo

Further reading

• “abrigar” in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014.