cocer

Galician

Etymology

From Old Galician and Old Portuguese cozer (“to cook”) (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Vulgar Latin *cocēre, from Latin coquere, present active infinitive of coquō. Cognate with Portuguese cozer and Spanish cocer.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [koˈθeɾ], (western) [koˈseɾ]

Verb

cocer (first-person singular present cozo, first-person singular preterite cocín, past participle cocido)

1. to boil, stew
   • 1409, J. L. Pensado Tomé (ed.), Tratado de Albeitaria. Santiago de Compostela: Centro Ramón Piñeiro, page 131:

     pisa moy ben todo con exulla uedra de porco et faz ende hũa masa et coze todo con uyno, meyxeo ameude ataa que se coza ben

     pound it carefully with old pork lard and make a dough with it and boil everything in wine, stir it frequently till it is well cooked

   Synonym: ferver

2. to cook
   • c1300, R. Martínez López (ed.), General Estoria. Versión gallega del siglo XIV. Oviedo: Publicacións de Archivum, page 89:

     Et estes omẽs yam comendo as carnes ja et os peyxes et pescados que achauam et matauã elles os que podiam prender; pero nõ os coziã que nõ [sabiam] ajnda amaneyra delo, mays enxugauam aquelas carnes et peyxes ao sol

     And these persons were eating the meats and seafood and fish that they can find and kill and catch; but they did not cook them, because they still did not know the way, but they dried these meats and seafood in the sun

   Synonym: cociñar

3. to bake

   Maruxiña da Forneira / se é que coces faime un bolo / se mo fas faimo de trigo / que o centeo non cho como (traditional song)

   Little Mary of the Baker / if you bake make a loaf for me / and if you make it, make it wheat / because I don't eat rye

   • c1300, R. Martínez López (ed.), General Estoria. Versión gallega del siglo XIV. Oviedo: Publicacións de Archivum, page 206:

     fezo cozer pera elles pã çençeno

     She ordered to bake rye bread for them

   Synonym: enfornar

4. to fire
   • 1484, X. Ferro Couselo (ed.), A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI. Vigo: Galaxia, page 445:

     cinco mil ladrillos ben cozidos e de boo barro

     five thousand bricks, correctly fired and made of good clay

   Synonym: enfornar

5. (flax processing) to ret
6. (wine processing) to ferment

   Synonym: fermentar

7. to digest

   Synonym: dixerir

8. first-person singular personal infinitive of cocer
9. third-person singular personal infinitive of cocer

Conjugation

    Conjugation of cocer

infinitive			cocer
gerund			cocendo
past participle				singular		plural
		masculine		cocido		cocidos
		feminine		cocida		cocidas
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		eu	ti	el / ela / Vde	nós	vós	eles / elas / Vdes
	present	cozo	coces	coce	cocemos	cocedes	cocen
	imperfect	cocía	cocías	cocía	cociamos	cociades	cocían
	preterite	cocín	cociches	coceu	cocemos	cocestes	coceron
	pluperfect	cocera	coceras	cocera	coceramos	cocerades	coceran
	future	cocerei	cocerás	cocerá	coceremos	coceredes	cocerán
	conditional	cocería	cocerías	cocería	coceriamos	coceriades	cocerían
subjunctive		eu	ti	el / ela / Vde	nós	vós	eles / elas / Vdes
	present	coza	cozas	coza	cozamos	cozades	cozan
	preterite	cocese	coceses	cocese	cocésemos	cocésedes	cocesen
	future	cocer	coceres	cocer	cocermos	cocerdes	coceren
imperative		—	ti	Vde	nós	vós	Vdes
	affirmative	—	coce	coza	cozamos	cocede	cozan
	negative	—	cozas	coza	cozamos	cozades	cozan
personal infinitive		eu	ti	el / ela / Vde	nós	vós	eles / elas / Vdes
		cocer	coceres	cocer	cocermos	cocerdes	coceren

Related terms

• cociña
• cociñeiro
• coito

Derived terms

• cocido
• precocer

References

• “cozer” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006-2012.
• “coz” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006-2016.
• “cocer” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006-2013.
• “cocer” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
• “cocer” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

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Old English

Alternative forms

• cocur

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *kokar, whence also Old Frisian koker, Old Saxon kokar (Dutch koker), Old High German kohhār (German Köcher). The origin of the West Germanic word is unknown, but note that a similar word can be found in Turkic and Mongolic languages: see Proto-Mongolic *kökexür for more.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈko.ker/

Noun

cocer m

1. a quiver for arrows
2. a case, container
3. a sheath

Descendants

• Middle English: coker, cuker, cokir, cocur, cokre, kokur, quequer, koker
  • English: cocker, cogger

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Spanish

Etymology

From Old Spanish, from Vulgar Latin *cocēre, from Latin coquere, present active infinitive of coquō, from Proto-Italic *kʷekʷō, from Proto-Indo-European *pékʷeti, from *pekʷ- (“to cook, become ripe”). Some conjugated forms of the verb were reformed through analogy with the infinitive; in Old Spanish, the forms cueza and cuezo were cuega and cuego, respectively, coció was coxo, and the past participle was cocho instead of cocido. Cognate with English cook.

Pronunciation

• (Castilian) IPA^(key): /koˈθeɾ/
• (Latin America) IPA^(key): /koˈseɾ/
• Homophone: coser (non-Castilian dialects)

Verb

cocer (first-person singular present cuezo, first-person singular preterite cocí, past participle cocido)

1. to boil
2. to cook (only used in situations where the food being prepared is submitted to fire; such as through the processes of boiling, simmering or steaming anything; or baking bread slowly in an oven)

   cocer a fuego lento ― simmer

3. (reflexive, cocerse) to brew

   Algo se está cociendo

   Something is brewing

4. (takes a reflexive pronoun) to chafe (get sore)

   Synonyms: escocerse, escaldarse

Conjugation

• Rule: o becomes ue in stressed syllables; c becomes a z before a or o.

    Conjugation of cocer (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)^{edit data}

infinitive			cocer
gerund			cociendo
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		cocido		cocida
		plural		cocidos		cocidas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	cuezo	cuecestú cocésvos	cuece	cocemos	cocéis	cuecen
	imperfect	cocía	cocías	cocía	cocíamos	cocíais	cocían
	preterite	cocí	cociste	coció	cocimos	cocisteis	cocieron
	future	coceré	cocerás	cocerá	coceremos	coceréis	cocerán
	conditional	cocería	cocerías	cocería	coceríamos	coceríais	cocerían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	cueza	cuezas	cueza	cozamos	cozáis	cuezan
	imperfect (ra)	cociera	cocieras	cociera	cociéramos	cocierais	cocieran
	imperfect (se)	cociese	cocieses	cociese	cociésemos	cocieseis	cociesen
	future1	cociere	cocieres	cociere	cociéremos	cociereis	cocieren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		cuecetú cocévos	cueza	cozamos	coced	cuezan
	negative		no cuezas	no cueza	no cozamos	no cozáis	no cuezan

• ¹ Mostly obsolete form, now mainly used in legal jargon.

Other verbs with this conjugation:

► Spanish verbs ending in -er (conjugation -cer (o-ue))

    Selected combined forms of cocer^{edit data}

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive cocer
	dative	cocerme	cocerte	cocerle, cocerse	cocernos	coceros	cocerles, cocerse
	accusative	cocerme	cocerte	cocerlo, cocerla, cocerse	cocernos	coceros	cocerlos, cocerlas, cocerse
with gerund cociendo
	dative	cociéndome	cociéndote	cociéndole, cociéndose	cociéndonos	cociéndoos	cociéndoles, cociéndose
	accusative	cociéndome	cociéndote	cociéndolo, cociéndola, cociéndose	cociéndonos	cociéndoos	cociéndolos, cociéndolas, cociéndose
with informal second-person singular imperative cuece
	dative	cuéceme	cuécete	cuécele	cuécenos	not used	cuéceles
	accusative	cuéceme	cuécete	cuécelo, cuécela	cuécenos	not used	cuécelos, cuécelas
with formal second-person singular imperative cueza
	dative	cuézame	not used	cuézale, cuézase	cuézanos	not used	cuézales
	accusative	cuézame	not used	cuézalo, cuézala, cuézase	cuézanos	not used	cuézalos, cuézalas
with first-person plural imperative cozamos
	dative	not used	cozámoste	cozámosle	cozámonos	cozámoos	cozámosles
	accusative	not used	cozámoste	cozámoslo, cozámosla	cozámonos	cozámoos	cozámoslos, cozámoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative coced
	dative	cocedme	not used	cocedle	cocednos	coceos	cocedles
	accusative	cocedme	not used	cocedlo, cocedla	cocednos	coceos	cocedlos, cocedlas
with formal second-person plural imperative cuezan
	dative	cuézanme	not used	cuézanle	cuézannos	not used	cuézanles, cuézanse
	accusative	cuézanme	not used	cuézanlo, cuézanla	cuézannos	not used	cuézanlos, cuézanlas, cuézanse

Derived terms

• en todas partes cuecen habas
• precocer

Related terms

• cocción
• cocedero
• cocimiento
• cocina
• cocinar
• escocer