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estremecer

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Galician

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Old Galician-Portuguese estremecer (13th century, Alfonso X the Wise), from es- +‎ Latin tremēscō (I begin to tremble, shake), from tremō (I shake, tremble) + -ēscō.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [estɾemeˈθeɾ], (western) [estɾemeˈseɾ]

Verb

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estremecer (first-person singular present estremezo, first-person singular preterite estremecín, past participle estremecido)
estremecer (first-person singular present estremeço, first-person singular preterite estremecim or estremeci, past participle estremecido, reintegrationist norm)

  1. (intransitive or pronominal) to shake, tremble
    • 1370, Ramón Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 506:
      os caualos fazíã tã grã rroýdo per u ýam que a terra estremeçía so seus pees
      the horses made such a large uproar wherever they go that the ground trembled under their feet
    • 1885, V.P., Un conto:
      contestoulle ela, estemorecéndose como a folliña no álbore, cando a empuxa o nordés
      she said, trembling as the little leaf on the tree, when the north-easterly wind pushes it
  2. (intransitive or pronominal) to shiver

Conjugation

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References

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Portuguese

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Etymology

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From es- +‎ Latin tremēscere (to begin to tremble, to shake), from tremō (to shake, to tremble) + -ēscō, from Proto-Indo-European *trem- (tremble).

Pronunciation

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  • (Brazil) IPA(key): /is.tɾe.meˈse(ʁ)/ [is.tɾe.meˈse(h)], /es.tɾe.meˈse(ʁ)/ [es.tɾe.meˈse(h)]
    • (São Paulo) IPA(key): /is.tɾe.meˈse(ɾ)/, /es.tɾe.meˈse(ɾ)/
    • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /iʃ.tɾe.meˈse(ʁ)/ [iʃ.tɾe.meˈse(χ)], /eʃ.tɾe.meˈse(ʁ)/ [eʃ.tɾe.meˈse(χ)]
    • (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /es.tɾe.meˈse(ɻ)/
 
  • (Portugal) IPA(key): /(i)ʃ.tɾɨ.mɨˈseɾ/
    • (Southern Portugal) IPA(key): /(i)ʃ.tɾɨ.mɨˈse.ɾi/

Verb

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estremecer (first-person singular present estremeço, first-person singular preterite estremeci, past participle estremecido)

  1. to cause to shake
    Synonyms: abalar, balançar, chacoalhar, sacudir
    O terramoto estremeceu o prédio.
    The earthquake shook the building.
  2. to shake; to tremble
    Synonym: tremer
    O prédio estremeceu devido ao terramoto.
    The building shook due to the earthquake.
  3. to shiver
    Estremeciamos no frio.
    We were shivering in the cold.
  4. to terrify; to send shivers down someone's spine
    Synonyms: amedrontar, apavorar, aterrorizar

Conjugation

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Spanish

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Etymology

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From ex- (out of) +‎ tremiscere (to start shaking), from Latin tremō, whence English tremble and tremor.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): (Spain) /estɾemeˈθeɾ/ [es.t̪ɾe.meˈθeɾ]
  • IPA(key): (Latin America, Philippines) /estɾemeˈseɾ/ [es.t̪ɾe.meˈseɾ]
  • Rhymes: -eɾ
  • Syllabification: es‧tre‧me‧cer

Verb

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estremecer (first-person singular present estremezco, first-person singular preterite estremecí, past participle estremecido)

  1. (transitive) to shake, make tremble, make shudder
  2. (transitive) to thrill
  3. (reflexive) to shudder, to flinch

Conjugation

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Derived terms

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Further reading

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