shtusha

Swahili

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya)

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Verb

-shtusha (infinitive kushtusha)

1. Causative form of -shtua

Conjugation

Conjugation of -shtusha
Positive present -nashtusha Subjunctive -shtushe Negative -shtushi Imperative singular shtusha
Infinitives
Positive kushtusha Negative kutoshtusha
Imperatives
Singular shtusha Plural shtusheni
Tensed forms
Habitual hushtusha Positive past positive subject concord + -lishtusha Negative past negative subject concord + -kushtusha
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nashtusha) Singular Plural 1st person ninashtusha/nashtusha tunashtusha 2nd person unashtusha mnashtusha 3rd person m-wa(I/II) anashtusha wanashtusha other classes positive subject concord + -nashtusha
Negative present (negative subject concord + -shtushi) Singular Plural 1st person sishtushi hatushtushi 2nd person hushtushi hamshtushi 3rd person m-wa(I/II) hashtushi hawashtushi other classes negative subject concord + -shtushi
Positive future positive subject concord + -tashtusha Negative future negative subject concord + -tashtusha
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -shtushe) Singular Plural 1st person nishtushe tushtushe 2nd person ushtushe mshtushe 3rd person m-wa(I/II) ashtushe washtushe other classes positive subject concord + -shtushe
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sishtushe Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngeshtusha Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singeshtusha Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalishtusha Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalishtusha
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -ashtusha) Singular Plural 1st person nashtusha twashtusha 2nd person washtusha mwashtusha 3rd person m-wa(I/II) ashtusha washtusha m-mi(III/IV) washtusha yashtusha ji-ma(V/VI) lashtusha yashtusha ki-vi(VII/VIII) chashtusha vyashtusha n(IX/X) yashtusha zashtusha u(XI) washtusha see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) kwashtusha pa(XVI) pashtusha mu(XVIII) mwashtusha
Perfect positive subject concord + -meshtusha "Already" positive subject concord + -meshashtusha "Not yet" negative subject concord + -jashtusha "If/When" positive subject concord + -kishtusha "If not" positive subject concord + -siposhtusha Consecutive kashtusha / positive subject concord + -kashtusha Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kashtushe
Object concord (indicative positive) Singular Plural 1st person -nishtusha -tushtusha 2nd person -kushtusha -washtusha/-kushtusheni/-washtusheni 3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mshtusha -washtusha m-mi(III/IV) -ushtusha -ishtusha ji-ma(V/VI) -lishtusha -yashtusha ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kishtusha -vishtusha n(IX/X) -ishtusha -zishtusha u(XI) -ushtusha see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kushtusha pa(XVI) -pashtusha mu(XVIII) -mushtusha Reflexive -jishtusha
Relative forms General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -shtusha- + relative marker) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -shtushaye -shtushao m-mi(III/IV) -shtushao -shtushayo ji-ma(V/VI) -shtushalo -shtushayo ki-vi(VII/VIII) -shtushacho -shtushavyo n(IX/X) -shtushayo -shtushazo u(XI) -shtushao see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -shtushako pa(XVI) -shtushapo mu(XVIII) -shtushamo Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -shtusha) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -yeshtusha -oshtusha m-mi(III/IV) -oshtusha -yoshtusha ji-ma(V/VI) -loshtusha -yoshtusha ki-vi(VII/VIII) -choshtusha -vyoshtusha n(IX/X) -yoshtusha -zoshtusha u(XI) -oshtusha see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -koshtusha pa(XVI) -poshtusha mu(XVIII) -moshtusha
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.